Osallistamisen polku palveluverkkosuunnittelussa:tapaustutkimus Mellunkylän kaupunkiuudistusalue

Tiivistelmä. Helsingin kaupunki on käynnistänyt uuden kaupunkiuudistuksen mallin, jossa yhtenä pilottialueena toimii Mellunkylä. Kaupunkiuudistuksella pyritään hillitsemään segregaatiokehitystä, edistämään alueiden elinvoimaisuutta ja mahdollistamaan laadukas täydennysrakentaminen. Mellunkylän kaupunkiuudistusalueen palveluverkkosuunnittelussa Helsingin kaupunki haluaa kiinnittää yhä enemmän huomiota kuntalaisten osallistamiseen ja vuorovaikutuksen lisäämiseen. Palveluverkkosuunnittelun osallistamista toteutetaan toimialakohtaisesti, mihin Helsingin kaupunki tarvitsee muutosta ja kehitystä: yhteistyötä ja yhteisymmärrystä. Tutkielman tavoitteena on tarkastella Helsingin kaupungin palveluverkkosuunnittelun osallistamiskäytäntöjä sekä niiden kehittämistarpeita etenkin Helsingin kaupungin ja sen eri toimialojen näkökulmista. Erityisesti tavoitteena on saada tietoa siitä, mitä osallistamismenetelmiä Helsingin kaupunki käyttää palveluverkkosuunnittelussa, ovatko menetelmät oikea-aikaisia, riittäviä ja hallittuja ja miten osallistamista palveluverkkosuunnittelussa voitaisiin kehittää. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostui Helsingin kaupungin palveluverkkosuunnittelun ja osallistamisen asiantuntijoille tehdystä kyselystä sekä yhteisistä palavereista. Kyselyaineisto muodosti tutkielmassa kuvaa toimialakohtaisista käsityksistä osallistamisesta ja osallistamismenetelmistä. Analysoin aineiston laadullisella sisällönanalyysillä ja vertasin tuloksia Arnsteinin (1969) osallistamisasteikkoon. Tulosten perusteella osallistamista palveluverkkosuunnittelussa tulisi kehittää etenkin prosessin alkuvaiheessa, mutta osallisuutta pitäisi saada jokaiseen prosessin vaiheeseen. Osallistamisen tuotoksia pitäisi jakaa tehokkaammin ja koordinoidummin Helsingin kaupungin toimialojen välillä. Tutkielman tuloksien perusteella osallistamista palveluverkkosuunnittelussa voitaisiin kehittää asiantuntijoiden roolien selkeyttämisellä ja verkostomaisella yhteistyöllä. Palveluverkkosuunnittelun osallistamista voitaisiin edistää myös yhteisellä toimintamallilla, sekä yhteisellä alustalla, jonka kautta eri toimialat voisivat hyödyntää osallistamisen kautta saatuja tuotoksia ja tietoja sekä kyetä ennakoimaan tulevia osallistamistapahtumia. Konkreettisina kehitysehdotuksina nousivat esille palveluverkkosuunnittelun osallistumis- ja arviointisuunnitelma sekä palveluverkkosuunnittelun vuosikello

Dicer1 ablation in osterix positive bone forming cells affects cortical bone homeostasis

The RNAse III enzyme Dicer plays a major role in the processing of microRNAs from large pre-miRNAs. Dicer1 processed microRNAs are known to play a comprehensive role in osteoblast differentiation, bone remodeling and skeletal disorders. Targeted deletion of Dicer1 in osteo-progenitor cells is deleterious to fetal survival whereas targeted deletion in mature osteoblasts leads to an increase in bone mass. To address the role of Dicer1 in postnatal skeletal homeostasis, we generated a pre-osteoblast specific Dicer1 knockout model employing Tamoxifen controllable Cre allele, enabling us, via tamoxifen administration, to time-controllably ablate Dicer1 gene expression in osterix expressing bone forming cells in post-natal mice. Inactivation of Dicer1 in osterix positive bone forming cells led to striking dysregulation of cortical bone formation in pre-pubertal as well as adult mice. Cortical bone thickness was found to be significantly decreased in the Cre + femora of both young and adult mice. Further, biomechanical testing experiments showed increased ductility, reduced stiffness and altered load at upper yield among the Cre + tibiae. Our results suggest that Dicer1 processed microRNAs might play an important role in the regulation of post-natal cortical bone formation. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc

Continuous Team Semantics

We study logics with team semantics in computable metric spaces. We show how to define approximate versions of the usual independence/dependence atoms. For restricted classes of formulae, we show that we can assume w.l.o.g.~that teams are closed sets. This then allows us to import techniques from computable analysis to study the complexity of formula satisfaction and model checking

Continuous Team Semantics

Peer reviewe

A Geometrical Characterization of the Twin Paradox and its Variants

The aim of this paper is to provide a logic-based conceptual analysis of the twin paradox (TwP) theorem within a first-order logic framework. A geometrical characterization of TwP and its variants is given. It is shown that TwP is not logically equivalent to the assumption of the slowing down of moving clocks, and the lack of TwP is not logically equivalent to the Newtonian assumption of absolute time. The logical connection between TwP and a symmetry axiom of special relativity is also studied.Comment: 22 pages, 3 figure

Twin Paradox and the logical foundation of relativity theory

We study the foundation of space-time theory in the framework of first-order logic (FOL). Since the foundation of mathematics has been successfully carried through (via set theory) in FOL, it is not entirely impossible to do the same for space-time theory (or relativity). First we recall a simple and streamlined FOL-axiomatization SpecRel of special relativity from the literature. SpecRel is complete with respect to questions about inertial motion. Then we ask ourselves whether we can prove usual relativistic properties of accelerated motion (e.g., clocks in acceleration) in SpecRel. As it turns out, this is practically equivalent to asking whether SpecRel is strong enough to "handle" (or treat) accelerated observers. We show that there is a mathematical principle called induction (IND) coming from real analysis which needs to be added to SpecRel in order to handle situations involving relativistic acceleration. We present an extended version AccRel of SpecRel which is strong enough to handle accelerated motion, in particular, accelerated observers. Among others, we show that the Twin Paradox becomes provable in AccRel, but it is not provable without IND.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figure

Changing a semantics: opportunism or courage?

The generalized models for higher-order logics introduced by Leon Henkin, and their multiple offspring over the years, have become a standard tool in many areas of logic. Even so, discussion has persisted about their technical status, and perhaps even their conceptual legitimacy. This paper gives a systematic view of generalized model techniques, discusses what they mean in mathematical and philosophical terms, and presents a few technical themes and results about their role in algebraic representation, calibrating provability, lowering complexity, understanding fixed-point logics, and achieving set-theoretic absoluteness. We also show how thinking about Henkin's approach to semantics of logical systems in this generality can yield new results, dispelling the impression of adhocness. This paper is dedicated to Leon Henkin, a deep logician who has changed the way we all work, while also being an always open, modest, and encouraging colleague and friend.Comment: 27 pages. To appear in: The life and work of Leon Henkin: Essays on his contributions (Studies in Universal Logic) eds: Manzano, M., Sain, I. and Alonso, E., 201

Features in air ions measured by an air ion spectrometer (AIS) at Dome C

An air ion spectrometer (AIS) was deployed for the first time at the Concordia station at Dome C (75 degrees 06'S, 123 degrees 23'E; 3220 ma.s.l.), Antarctica during the period 22 December 2010-16 November 2011 for measuring the number size distribution of air ions. In this work, we present results obtained from this air ion data set together with aerosol particle and meteorological data. The main processes that modify the number size distribution of air ions during the measurement period at this high-altitude site included new particle formation (NPF, observed on 85 days), wind-induced ion formation (observed on 36 days), and ion production and loss associated with cloud/fog formation (observed on 2 days). For the subset of days when none of these processes seemed to operate, the concentrations of cluster ions (0.9-1.9 nm) exhibited a clear seasonality, with high concentrations in the warm months and low concentrations in the cold. Compared to event-free days, days with NPF were observed with higher cluster ion concentrations. A number of NPF events were observed with restricted growth below 10 nm, which were termed as suppressed NPF. There was another distinct feature, namely a simultaneous presence of two or three separate NPF and subsequent growth events, which were named as multi-mode NPF events. Growth rates (GRs) were determined using two methods: the appearance time method and the mode fitting method. The former method seemed to have advantages in characterizing NPF events with a fast GR, whereas the latter method is more suitable when the GR was slow. The formation rate of 2 nm positive ions (J(2)(+)) was calculated for all the NPF events for which a GR in the 2-3 nm size range could be determined. On average, J(2)(+) was about 0.014 cm(-3) s(-1). The ion production in relation to cloud/fog formation in the size range of 8-42 nm seemed to be a unique feature at Dome C, which has not been reported elsewhere. These ions may, however, either be multiply charged particles but detected as singly charged in the AIS, or be produced inside the instrument, due to the breakage of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), possibly related to the instrumental behaviour under the extremely cold condition. For the wind-induced ion formation, our observations suggest that the ions originated more likely from atmospheric nucleation of vapours released from the snow than from mechanical charging of shattered snow flakes and ice crystals.Peer reviewe

Invasive species control with apex predators: increasing presence of wolves is associated with reduced occurrence of the alien raccoon dog

The role of an alien predator in the community depends on its interaction with native predators. The absence of apex predators may facilitate outbreaks of invasive mesopredators, but the effect of apex predators may vary between species and environments. We analysed the occurrence of a common invasive mesopredator in Europe, the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), and native mesopredators, the red fox and the Eurasian badger, in camera-trap data from Finland. The observations in cameras were analysed in relation to the presence of apex predators in the landscape (grey wolf and Eurasian lynx), human density, and habitat. We observed negative effect of increasing presence of wolves and lynxes on the occurrence of raccoon dogs. This effect appeared clear compared to the effects of habitat and human density. The effect of lynxes on raccoon dogs was clearer in areas with short growth season. For the occurrence of badgers, the presence of wolves had a weak negative effect and the presence of lynxes had a positive effect. For the occurrence of red foxes, wolves had a positive effect when agricultural fields were sparse in the landscape and lynxes had no effect. We also observed that the invasive raccoon dog currently appears to be the most common mesopredator within the study area. We conclude that the effect of apex predators on mesopredators depends on the environment and, in our case, was more suppressive on the alien mesopredator than on the native mesopredators. Thus, apex predators can play an important role in controlling invasive mesopredators