The place and importance of concordat in regulating relations between the state and religious organizations

This paper is devoted to the question of the place of concordats in the total volume of regulation of relations between the state and religious organizations (traditional religions historically represented in the country). The authors explore the texts of the many concordats. The paper explains the significance and nature of the concordat as an ontological tool for completing the regulatory landscap

Four new species of Desmopachria Babington from Peru (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

Abstract Four new species in the genus Desmopachria Babington are described fro

Resonant photoemission spectroscopy of Cu(InGa)Se2 materials for solar cells

The electron structure of CuIn1 - x Ga x Se 2 single crystals is determined via resonant photoemis-sion and the main regularities of its transformation upon varying concentration x from 0 to 1 are established. The dependence of the shape of valence band spectra on the photon energy is studied. Integral photoemission intensities are shown to be determined by atomic photoionization cross sections. Processes of the direct and two-step creation of photoelectrons accompanying photoemission and the participation of internal states in the spectra of electrons from valence bands are studied. Two-hole final states in photoemission are obtained upon threshold excitation of the Cu 2p level. The strong interaction of holes leads to the multiplet splitting of these states. Partial densities of the components' states are determined using the energy dependence of atomic photoionization cross sections. © 2013 Allerton Press, Inc

Spin-fluctuation theory beyond Gaussian approximation

A characteristic feature of the Gaussian approximation in the functional-integral approach to the spin-fluctuation theory is the jump phase transition to the paramagnetic state. We eliminate the jump and obtain a continuous second-order phase transition by taking into account high-order terms in the expansion of the free energy in powers of the fluctuating exchange field. The third-order term of the free energy renormalizes the mean field, and fourth-order term, responsible for the interaction of the fluctuations, renormalizes the spin susceptibility. The extended theory is applied to the calculation of magnetic properties of Fe-Ni Invar.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figure

Effects of spin polarization on resonant photoemission from d-f states in TbNi2Mnx compounds

Resonant photoemission in narrow-band materials is described by the sum of first-and secondorder transitions, their quantum-mechanical interference leads to an increase in the spectrum from the valence bands and the appearance of an asymmetric dependence on the photon energy. These effects are studied theoretically and experimentally using the example of three-component intermetallic compounds TbNi2Mnx. The competition between the elastic and inelastic photoemission channels leads to a different dependence of photoemission spectra from nickel and manganese on photon energy. The elastic channel is realized on atoms with large magnetic moments, the inelastic Auger decay occurs on atoms with small moments. © 2018 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.The research was carried out within the state assignment of FASO of Russia (theme uQ" ant" No. 01201463332), supported in part by RFBR (No. 18-02-00060) and UD RAS (No.15 -8 2-10). The authors express their gratitude to A. Preobrazhenskii and N. Vinogradov (synchrotron MAX-Lab, Lund, Sweden) for their assistance in carrying out experiments

A photoelectron spectroscopy study of the electronic structure evolution in CuInSe2-related compounds at changing copper content

Evolution of the valence-band structure at gradually increasing copper content has been analysed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in In2Se3, CuIn5Se8, CuIn3Se5, and CuInSe2 single crystals. A comparison of these spectra with calculated total and angular-momentum resolved density-of-states (DOS) revealed the main trends of this evolution. The formation of the theoretically predicted gap between the bonding and non-bonding states has been observed in both experimental XPS spectra and theoretical DOS

Концепция повышения энергоэффективности автономных локомотивов

The growing attention to the issues of increasing energy efficiency of railway transport results in suggesting various designs of traction rolling stock with the most advanced technical solutions, but, unfortunately, many of them remain only at the development or prototype stage.The analysis of operating experience of existing mainline locomotives is proposed to help to develop fundamental principles of the concept of improving the energy efficiency of autonomous locomotives, aimed at creating a modular locomotive structure that makes it possible to coordinate operational loads with the operating modes of traction equipment to provide the best conditions for converting and transferring energy to wheel sets. Modern on-board systems of locomotives record many parameters that can be used both to determine the energy efficiency of the locomotive, as well as to evaluate new technical solutions aimed at the use of discrete-adaptive control of the modular design of diesel generator sets and traction motors under the operating conditions of mainline locomotives.Implementation of the proposed concept could make it possible to save up to 20 % of diesel fuel during transportation work, which was confirmed during testing a prototype locomotive.Вопросам повышения энергоэффективности железнодорожного транспорта уделяется много внимания, предлагаются различные конструкции тягового подвижного состава с самыми передовыми техническими решениями, но, к сожалению, многие из них так и остаются лишь на стадии разработки или опытного образца.Приведён анализ опыта эксплуатации существующих магистральных локомотивов с целью разработки основополагающих принципов концепции повышения энергоэффективности автономных локомотивов, направленных на создание модульной структуры локомотива, позволяющих согласовывать эксплуатационные нагрузки с режимами работы тягового оборудования, что даёт возможность обеспечить наилучшие условия преобразования и передачи энергии на колёсные пары. Современные бортовые системы локомотивов регистрируют большое количество параметров, которые можно использовать как для определения энергоэффективности работы локомотива, так и для оценки новых технических решений, направленных на применение дискретноадаптивного управления работой модульного исполнения дизель-генераторных установок итяговых электродвигателей в условиях эксплуатации магистральных локомотивов.Реализация предлагаемой концепции позволяет сэкономить до 20 % дизельного топлива при выполнении перевозочной работы, что подтверждено на опытном образце локомотива

Logarithmic algorithms for fair division problems

We study the algorithmic complexity of fair division problems with a focus on minimizing the number of queries needed to find an approximate solution with desired accuracy. We show for several classes of fair division problems that under certain natural conditions on sets of preferences, a logarithmic number of queries with respect to accuracy is sufficient