Klinische Evaluation eines Überdruckventils für Kindertuben mit Cuff

OBJECTIVE: The safe use of cuffed tracheal tubes for children necessitates a cuff pressure limitation at 20-25 cmH2O. The aim of the study was to evaluate the reliability and benefit of a new cuff pressure release valve (opening pressure 20 cmH2O) for children intubated with a cuffed tracheal tube. METHODS: In a prospective, observational trial cuff pressure was recorded in paediatric and adolescent patients intubated with a cuffed tracheal tube during sevoflurane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia. The cuff pressure release valve was interposed between the cuff manometer and the pilot balloon. In 25 patients measurements were started at the initial opening pressure (group A) and in a further 25 patients measurements were started at the minimal sealing cuff pressure (group B). RESULTS: A total of 50 patients, aged from 0.4 to 17.8 years (median 7.4 years) were enrolled in the study. The opening pressure measured (group A) was 19.7+/-0.8 cmH(2)O and the cuff sealing pressure (group B) was 11.7+/-2.9 cmH2O (range 6-16 cmH2O). Mean cuff pressure values in group A were 20.4+/-1.6 cmH2O and 16.5+/-3.3 cmH2O in group B. In one patient (group A) the cuff pressure exceeded 25 cmH2O and was manually decreased to 20 cmH2O. In total, 24 filling procedures (group A 14; group B 10) were required during 103.1 h of investigation because of cuff pressure drop and audible air leakage, mainly caused by cuff pressure increases and consequent releases during patient positioning. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that the tested cuff pressure release valve was useful and reliable to limit cuff pressure in tracheal intubated children and adolescents within an acceptable pressure range