Vvedenie v slavjanovedenie. Izbrannaja bibliografija

V nastojaščem bibliografieskom ukazatele tradicionnye v slavjanskoj filologii razdely dopolneny nekotorymi novymi, polučivšimi razvitie v poslednie desjatiletija, takimi kak semiotika i informatika, lingvostatistika, teorija jazykovych kognatov, lingvogeografija i areal'naja lingvistika. Osnovnaja cel' izdanija - pomoč' vsem, kto interesuetsja istoriej i sovremennymi problemami slavjanovedenija, orientirovat'sja v obširnom slavjanskom kul'turno-jazykovom prostranstve.V nastojaščem bibliografieskom ukazatele tradicionnye v slavjanskoj filologii razdely dopolneny nekotorymi novymi, polučivšimi razvitie v poslednie desjatiletija, takimi kak semiotika i informatika, lingvostatistika, teorija jazykovych kognatov, lingvogeografija i areal'naja lingvistika. Osnovnaja cel' izdanija - pomoč' vsem, kto interesuetsja istoriej i sovremennymi problemami slavjanovedenija, orientirovat'sja v obširnom slavjanskom kul'turno-jazykovom prostranstve

Estimation of sea water salinity from dielectric measurements: Effect of temperature

439-447Dielectric measurements have been carried out for distilled water and saline water solutions of salinities 10000, 20000, 30000, 40000 ppm, as well as sea water of Diu beach area, using Anritsu Shockline Vector Network Analyzer (VNA, model no: MS46322A) in the frequency range from 1 GHz to 20 GHz, over the temperatures of 20°, 30° and 40 °C. From the measured values of dielectric constant and dielectric loss, the values of tanδ, conductivity and emissivity of water solutions have been calculated. The variation in dielectric properties of water with salinity and temperature of measurement is compared with values calculated using Stogryn equations as well as Klein and Swift model and results are found to be in good agreement with corresponding values. From the dielectric loss values and the emissivity values of distilled water and saline water solutions at certain fixed frequencies, the salinity of sea water collected from Diu beach has been estimated to be 36,327 ppm which agrees very well with the physicochemical analysis report of laboratory

Dielectric properties of soil mixed with urea fertilizer over 20 Hz to 2 MHz frequency range

455-464The dielectric properties of sandy soil for various moisture contents of distilled water and Urea-fluid solutions in soil are estimated in the lower frequency range from 20 Hz to 2 MHz using precision LCR meter. The spectra of complex permittivity e*(ω), loss tangent tan δ(ω), electrical conductivity σ*(ω), and complex impedance Z*(ω) plane plots of these soil-fluid system have been investigated for various moisture contents of different concentrations of Urea solution in the soil samples. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the soil increase with increase in moisture content of different concentrations of Urea solution in the soil. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the soil increases significantly with the decrease in frequency over the given frequency range. The complex impedance plane (Zʹ versus Zʺ) plot separates electrode polarization and bulk material phenomena, which can also be observed in the dielectric loss tangent peaks

MHCII-independent CD4(+) T cells protect injured CNS neurons via IL-4

A body of experimental evidence suggests that T cells mediate neuroprotection following CNS injury; however, the antigen specificity of these T cells and how they mediate neuroprotection are unknown. Here, we have provided evidence that T cell-mediated neuroprotection after CNS injury can occur independently of major histocompatibility class II (MHCII) signaling to T cell receptors (TCRs). Using two murine models of CNS injury, we determined that damage-associated molecular mediators that originate from injured CNS tissue induce a population of neuroprotective, IL-4-producing T cells in an antigen-independent fashion. Compared with wild-type mice, IL-4-deficient animals had decreased functional recovery following CNS injury; however, transfer of CD4+ T cells from wild-type mice, but not from IL-4-deficient mice, enhanced neuronal survival. Using a culture-based system, we determined that T cell-derived IL-4 protects and induces recovery of injured neurons by activation of neuronal IL-4 receptors, which potentiated neurotrophin signaling via the AKT and MAPK pathways. Together, these findings demonstrate that damage-associated molecules from the injured CNS induce a neuroprotective T cell response that is independent of MHCII/TCR interactions and is MyD88 dependent. Moreover, our results indicate that IL-4 mediates neuroprotection and recovery of the injured CNS and suggest that strategies to enhance IL-4-producing CD4+ T cells have potential to attenuate axonal damage in the course of CNS injury in trauma, inflammation, or neurodegeneration

The feasibility of using electromagnetic waves in determining membrane failure through concrete

Concrete flat roof defects such as water leakage present a significant and common problem in large buildings, particularly in tropical countries, where rainfall is high. To monitor this condition, effective non-destructive test methods are required to detect problems at an early stage, especially hidden defects within the concrete roof, which are critical. This paper presents the potential use of electromagnetic (EM) waves for determining possible leakage of the concrete flat roof as a result of failure of the waterproof membrane layer. This study was assessed, experimentally by investigation of the propagation of EM waves through the roof and their interaction with water. Novel Microwave sensors described in the paper operate in the 6 GHz to 12 GHz frequency range using a Marconi 6200A microwave test set. A range of existing methods was reviewed and analysed. Results of experimental tests confirmed that microwaves could be used as an alternative non-destructive method for identifying water ingress caused by membrane failure into the concrete roof surface

30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and one anastomosis gastric bypass: a propensity score-matched analysis of the GENEVA data

Background: There is a paucity of data comparing 30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). This study aimed to compare the 30-day safety of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts. Materials and methods: This analysis utilised data collected from the GENEVA study which was a multicentre observational cohort study of bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) in 185 centres across 42 countries between 01/05/2022 and 31/10/2020 during the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. 30-day complications were categorised according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. Patients receiving SG, RYGB, or OAGB were propensity-matched according to baseline characteristics and 30-day complications were compared between groups. Results: In total, 6770 patients (SG 3983; OAGB 702; RYGB 2085) were included in this analysis. Prior to matching, RYGB was associated with highest 30-day complication rate (SG 5.8%; OAGB 7.5%; RYGB 8.0% (p = 0.006)). On multivariate regression modelling, Insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolaemia were associated with increased 30-day complications. Being a non-smoker was associated with reduced complication rates. When compared to SG as a reference category, RYGB, but not OAGB, was associated with an increased rate of 30-day complications. A total of 702 pairs of SG and OAGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 7.3% (n = 51) as compared to 7.5% (n = 53) in the OAGB group (p = 0.68). Similarly, 2085 pairs of SG and RYGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 6.1% (n = 127) as compared to 7.9% (n = 166) in the RYGB group (p = 0.09). And, 702 pairs of OAGB and RYGB were matched. The complication rate in both groups was the same at 7.5 % (n = 53; p = 0.07). Conclusions: This global study found no significant difference in the 30-day morbidity and mortality of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts

30-Day morbidity and mortality of bariatric metabolic surgery in adolescence during the COVID-19 pandemic – The GENEVA study

Background: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is an effective treatment for adolescents with severe obesity. Objectives: This study examined the safety of MBS in adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: This was a global, multicentre and observational cohort study of MBS performed between May 01, 2020, and October 10,2020, in 68 centres from 24 countries. Data collection included in-hospital and 30-day COVID-19 and surgery-specific morbidity/mortality. Results: One hundred and seventy adolescent patients (mean age: 17.75 ± 1.30 years), mostly females (n = 122, 71.8%), underwent MBS during the study period. The mean pre-operative weight and body mass index were 122.16 ± 15.92 kg and 43.7 ± 7.11 kg/m2, respectively. Although majority of patients had pre-operative testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (n = 146; 85.9%), only 42.4% (n = 72) of the patients were asked to self-isolate pre-operatively. Two patients developed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection post-operatively (1.2%). The overall complication rate was 5.3% (n = 9). There was no mortality in this cohort. Conclusions: MBS in adolescents with obesity is safe during the COVID-19 pandemic when performed within the context of local precautionary procedures (such as pre-operative testing). The 30-day morbidity rates were similar to those reported pre-pandemic. These data will help facilitate the safe re-introduction of MBS services for this group of patients