Influence of the effect pigment size on the sparkle detection distance

5 págs.; 5 figs.In an effort to create more dynamic looking automobiles, there is an ever increasing trend among automobile manufacturers towards the use of gonio-apparent coatings in car bodies. These coatings consist of transparent pigments mixed with metallic or interference flakes. The flakes in the coating cause a change in color and brightness of the finish with viewing and illumination direction. This change in appearance accentuates the 3D shading of a car body, making it visually more attractive. Besides this angular dependence on viewing/illumination direction, the metallic finishes also exhibit a visually complex texture. Depending on the properties of the finish and the viewing and illumination conditions, the flakes exhibit a sparkle like texture, while the glossy clear coat may show a rough or smooth surface. As a result of these complex visual attributes, capturing the appearance and finding a perfect color match for an automotive coating is a non trivial task. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the relationship between the special-effect pigments size, and the maximum distance which is detectable the sparkle texture effect. For this, two different sets of samples with different structural features were evaluated in a lighting booth specifically designed for the visual experiment. The booth allows to vary the lighting conditions, the viewing geometry and the distance at which the sample is perceived. The visual experiment was applied to evaluate the high correlation between a structural parameter (i.e. pigment size) and the visual appearance attribute related with texture (sparkle detection distance). Under some fixed environmental conditions, as light intensity, color temperature and geometry of the light source, the sparkle detection distance was evaluated by applying the adjustment psychophysical method for two panel sets (metallic grays and blues), with known pigment sizes and colorimetry, with a small set of observers. The visual results show that a greater the pigment size, a greater the sparkle detection, but with some considerations. In future, we will extend this method, even reinforced applying the statistical design of experiments (DOE), for understanding the relevance and interplay of structural (size, shape, concentration, orientation, etc.), environmental (illuminance level, color rendering, geometry, etc.) and colorimetric (dark vs. light background, chroma, etc.) factors on the sparkle detection distance. © 2015 Society for Imaging Science and Technology.Authors are grateful to EMRP for funding the project “Multidimensional reflectometry for industry”. The EMRP is jointly funded by the EMRP participating countries within EURAMET and the European Union. We would like to thank the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for the coordinated project “New developments in visual optics, vision and color technology” (DPI2011-30090-C02). Omar Gómez would also like to thank the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for his pre- doctoral fellowship grant (FPI BES-2012-053080).Peer Reviewe

Influencia del tamaño de pigmento en la distancia de detección del sparkle

XI Reunión Nacional de Óptica Día de la Luz; Facultad de Ciencias • Universidad de Salamanca 1 - 4 Septiembre, 2015; http://rno11.usal.es/programaSe diseñó un experimento psicofísico para evaluar la influencia del tamaño del pigmento de efecto en la distancia de detección del sparkle. Los resultados mostraron que a mayor tamaño de pigmento, mayor distancia de detección. Además, la correlación visual e instrumental (distancia de detección vs. grado de sparkle (SG)) sigue una relación lineal, sin embargo, no existe una relación lineal con el tamaño de pigmento: la distancia es máxima para un tamaño inferior al tamaño máximo.Peer Reviewe

Identification of gastrointestinal parasites by coproscopy in wild carnivores from the Parque de las Leyendas, Lima, Peru

El presente trabajo tuvo por objetivo identificar los parásitos gastrointestinales de carnívoros silvestres del Zoológico Parque de Las Leyendas en el Perú, mediante la aplicación de cuatro métodos coproparasitológicos convencionales (directo, de Ritchie modificado, Sheather y la coloración de Ziehl Neelsen). Se trabajó con 62 ejemplares pertenecientes a 17 especies de seis familias. El 25.8% (16/62) de las muestras fueron positivas a parásitos. Panthera leo, Panthera tigris y Lycalopex sechurae fueron las especies más parasitadas (9/9, 2/3 y 3/5, respectivamente). Los parásitos identificados fueron el nematodo Toxascaris leonina (12/16), el acantocéfalo Corynosoma sp (3/16), el cestodo Atriotaenia sp (1/6) y el protozoo Giardia sp. (1/16). No se encontró asociación estadística entre las variables de edad y sexo.The aim of this study was to identify gastrointestinal parasites in wild carnivores from the Parque de Las Leyendas Zoo in Peru by four conventional coproparasitological methods (direct, Ritchie modified Sheather and the Ziehl Neelsen method for coccidia). A total of 62 animals of 15 species from six families were sampled. Results showed that 25.8% (16/62) of the samples were positive to parasites. Panthera leo, Panthera tigris and Lycalopex sechurae were the most affected species (9/9, 2/3, and 3/5 respectively). The parasites identified were the nematode Toxascaris leonina (12/16), the acanthocephalan Corynosoma sp (3/16), the cestode Atriotaenia sp (1/6) and the protozoo Giardia sp (1/6). No significant association was found between the variables age and sex

3-Hydroxy Kynurenine Treatment Controls T. cruzi Replication and the Inflammatory Pathology Preventing the Clinical Symptoms of Chronic Chagas Disease

BACKGROUND: 3-Hydroxy Kynurenine (3-HK) administration during the acute phase of Trypanosoma. cruzi infection decreases the parasitemia of lethally infected mice and improves their survival. However, due to the fact that the treatment with 3-HK is unable to eradicate the parasite, together with the known proapoptotic and immunoregulatory properties of 3-HK and their downstream catabolites, it is possible that the 3-HK treatment is effective during the acute phase of the infection by controlling the parasite replication, but at the same time suppressed the protective T cell response before pathogen clearance worsening the chronic phase of the infection. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effect of 3-HK treatment on the development of chronic Chagas' disease. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In the present study, we treated mice infected with T. cruzi with 3-HK at day five post infection during 5 consecutive days and investigated the effect of this treatment on the development of chronic Chagas disease. Cardiac functional (electrocardiogram) and histopathological studies were done at 60 dpi. 3-HK treatment markedly reduced the incidence and the severity of the electrocardiogram alterations and the inflammatory infiltrates and fibrosis in heart and skeletal muscle. 3-HK treatment modulated the immune response at the acute phase of the infection impairing the Th1- and Th2-type specific response and inducing TGF-β-secreting cells promoting the emergence of regulatory T cells and long-term specific IFN-γ secreting cells. 3-HK in vitro induced regulatory phenotype in T cells from T. cruzi acutely infected mice. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that the early 3-HK treatment was effective in reducing the cardiac lesions as well as altering the pattern of the immune response in experimental Chagas' disease. Thus, we propose 3-HK as a novel therapeutic treatment able to control both the parasite replication and the inflammatory response

Fusion of 8He with 206Pb around Coulomb barrier energies

The experimental study of the fusion of light neutron-rich nucleus 8He with 206Pb is reported in this work. A fusion stack of 206Pb targets has been used for this study. The most prominent evaporation residue (210Po), which has half-life of 138 days and decays by alpha emission, is populated in the reaction. Radiochemical analysis technique is used to extract the yield of this evaporation residue.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovavión FPA2007-63074European Union 21269

Data warehouse y data mining aplicados al estudio del rendimiento académico y de perfiles de alumnos

El desigual aprovechamiento de las TICs observado en los alumnos de Sistemas Operativos de la LSI de la FACENA de la UNNE, como así también el relativamente bajo porcentaje de alumnos promocionados y regularizados al finalizar el cursado de la Asignatura (éxito académico), han motivado la aplicación de técnicas de Almacenes de Datos (DataWarehouses: DW) y de Minería de Datos (Data Mining: DM) basadas en clustering, entre otras, para la búsqueda de perfiles de los alumnos de la Asignatura mencionada, según su rendimiento académico, situación demográfica y socio económica, con el propósito de determinar a priori situaciones potenciales de éxito o de fracaso académico, lo cual permitiría encarar las medidas tendientes a minimizar los fracasos. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo brindar una breve descripción de aspectos relacionados con el almacén de datos construido y algunos procesos de minería de datos desarrollados sobre el mismo.Eje: Bases de datos y minería de datosRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Data warehouse y data mining aplicados al estudio del rendimiento académico y de perfiles de alumnos

El desigual aprovechamiento de las TICs observado en los alumnos de Sistemas Operativos de la LSI de la FACENA de la UNNE, como así también el relativamente bajo porcentaje de alumnos promocionados y regularizados al finalizar el cursado de la Asignatura (éxito académico), han motivado la aplicación de técnicas de Almacenes de Datos (DataWarehouses: DW) y de Minería de Datos (Data Mining: DM) basadas en clustering, entre otras, para la búsqueda de perfiles de los alumnos de la Asignatura mencionada, según su rendimiento académico, situación demográfica y socio económica, con el propósito de determinar a priori situaciones potenciales de éxito o de fracaso académico, lo cual permitiría encarar las medidas tendientes a minimizar los fracasos. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo brindar una breve descripción de aspectos relacionados con el almacén de datos construido y algunos procesos de minería de datos desarrollados sobre el mismo.Eje: Bases de datos y minería de datosRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Data warehouse y data mining aplicados al estudio del rendimiento académico y de perfiles de alumnos

El desigual aprovechamiento de las TICs observado en los alumnos de Sistemas Operativos de la LSI de la FACENA de la UNNE, como así también el relativamente bajo porcentaje de alumnos promocionados y regularizados al finalizar el cursado de la Asignatura (éxito académico), han motivado la aplicación de técnicas de Almacenes de Datos (DataWarehouses: DW) y de Minería de Datos (Data Mining: DM) basadas en clustering, entre otras, para la búsqueda de perfiles de los alumnos de la Asignatura mencionada, según su rendimiento académico, situación demográfica y socio económica, con el propósito de determinar a priori situaciones potenciales de éxito o de fracaso académico, lo cual permitiría encarar las medidas tendientes a minimizar los fracasos. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo brindar una breve descripción de aspectos relacionados con el almacén de datos construido y algunos procesos de minería de datos desarrollados sobre el mismo.Eje: Bases de datos y minería de datosRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Genetic footprints of iberian cattle in America 500 years after the arrival of Columbus.

American Creole cattle presumably descend from animals imported from the Iberian Peninsula during the period of colonization and settlement, through different migration routes, andmay have also suffered the influence of cattle directly imported from Africa. The introduction of European cattle, which began in the 18th century, and later of Zebu from India, has threatened the survival of Creole populations, some of which have nearly disappeared or were admixed with exotic breeds. Assessment of the genetic status of Creole cattle is essential for the establishment of conservation programs of these historical resources. Methodology/Principal Findings: We sampled 27 Creole populations, 39 Iberian, 9 European and 6 Zebu breeds. We used microsatellite markers to assess the origins of Creole cattle, and to investigate the influence of different breeds on their genetic make-up. The major ancestral contributions are from breeds of southern Spain and Portugal, in agreement with the historical ports of departure of ships sailing towards the Western Hemisphere. This Iberian contribution to Creoles may also include some African influence, given the influential role that African cattle have had in the development of Iberian breeds, but the possibility of a direct influence on Creoles of African cattle imported to America can not be discarded. In addition to the Iberian influence, the admixture with other European breeds was minor. The Creoles from tropical areas, especially those from the Caribbean, show clear signs of admixture with Zebu. Conclusions/Significance: Nearly five centuries since cattle were first brought to the Americas, Creoles still show a strong and predominant signature of their Iberian ancestors. Creole breeds differ widely from each other, both in genetic structure and influences from other breeds. Efforts are needed to avoid their extinction or further genetic erosion, which would compromise centuries of selective adaptation to a wide range of environmental conditions

Scattering of 8He on 208Pb at Energies Around the Coulomb Barrier

We have measured the angular distributions of elastic scattering and 6,4He fragments produced in the collisions of an exotic beam of 8He on a 208Pb target at laboratory energies of 18 and 22 MeV, just around the Coulomb barrier (19 MeV). The measurements were performed at the SPIRAL/GANIL facility in Caen, France. In this paper, we present preliminary data on elastic cross sections and discuss the results using optical model and coupled reaction channel calculations.Spanish Research Council FPA-2010-22131-C02-01Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland No. N202 03363