The Welfare and Public Health of the Population of Russia: Adaptation To Economic Volatility

In the article, the results of the research of correlation of welfare and public health of the population of Russia in the conditions of economic instability are presented. The review of performance indicators of development of public sentiments of society applied both in Russian and foreign practice is submitted. The concept content of the “social and psychological potential of a region” as an indicator of public health of the population is opened. On the basis of this concept, the potential pattern is created. The evaluation method of social and psychological potential of a region is developed, its main idea is an integrated assessment of both the potential of a region in general and its separate components. The assessment of the condition of potential in territorial subjects of the Russian Federation is given. Character and power of correlation between indicators of welfare and level of social and psychological potential of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation on the basis of development of correlation matrixes are revealed, also, the regional consistent patterns and tendencies are determined.The study was funded by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 14-18-00574, “Anti-crisis”, an Information Analysis System “: Diagnostics of the Regions, Estimation of Threats and Scenario Forecasting in Order to Maintain and Reinforce Economic Security and Enhance the Well-Being of Russia)

Russia’s Birth Rate Dynamics Forecasting

This article covers contemporary issues of Russia’s population reproduction, their causes and the state policy aimed to overcome the same. The urgency to fulfill the task related to assessment of the most probable future dynamics of Russia’s population birth rate in the context of a low child-woman ratio, and subject to an impact of pronatalist policies implemented by the state, is justified. In order to fulfill the task based on the crude birth rate behavior probability distribution function, a probabilistic assessment of future dynamics of Russia’s population reproduction has been carried out. Based on a modernized method suggested by Hurst, the following two forecasting paths of the crude birth rate dynamics have been built: the first path conforms to the scenario where a value of the crude birth rate is to tend to values between 8–10.5 births/1,000 people (probability is 0.182), in particular, through a negative external impact, the second path is to tend to values between 13–16.5 births/1,000 people (probability — 0.618), in particular, through a positive external impact. Notwithstanding that these scenarios significantly differ from each other, the paths of the crude birth rate dynamics for 2015–2041, corresponding to the reliable prediction time, forecasted according to the abovementioned scenarios, are virtually identical. The analysis of the findings allowed for the conclusion that the state demographic policy is not capable of having a significant impact on the future dynamics of the birth rate, substantially determined by the current situation and conjuncture shifts. These conclusions confirm the view prevailing in academic circles and suggesting that the state regulation of Russia’s demographic situation should be primarily focused on the improvement in health and a rise in the life expectancy of the population.The research has been prepared with the support of the Russian Science Foundation grant (Project No. 14-18-00574 “Information and analytic systems “Anticrisis”: diagnostics of the regions, threat evaluation and scenario forecasting to preserve and reinforce the welfare of Russia”)

Economic tomography: the possibility to anticipate and respond to socio-economic crises

The article discusses an approach based on an original hypothesis related to the peculiarities of Russia’s development (on the one hand, its scale, the Russian mentality and a certain closeness of the economy; on the other hand, a significant dominant resource and human potential, and, as a consequence, a genuine role in the global economic community), the diagnosis of which (at the level of the well-being of individuals and inhabited areas) can be used to identify crises, provide an early assessment of threats to socio-economic development of regions as well as help to evaluate the state of the region over a 3 to 5 year period. In other words, in order to ensure that executives have enough time to mount a sufficiently rapid response to the crises and administrative errors and to reduce the impact of emerging threats. The aim of this paper is to present theoretical and methodological tools for the recognition of the early stages of emerging threats, allowing fewer losses to be experienced during the crisis period. Simulation experiments were carried out for the purpose of classifying previously occurring social and economic crises (9 possible variants were reviewed) and mathematically processed trajectories of change in the main indicators for the well-being of individuals and inhabited areas, taking the influence of various factors into account. On the basis of the authors’ proposed approach (referred to as economic tomography) an attempt is made to comprehensively assess the state of sample representative regions of Russia.The research has been supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project № 14–18–00574 'Information-analytical system "Anticrisis:" diagnostics of the regions, threat assessment and scenario forecasting for the preservation and strengthening of economic security and well-being of Russia')

Issues of forensic inquiries and preliminaries in investigating ecological crimes

The article touches upon current theoretical and practical issues of forensic inquiries and preliminaries’ proceedings in the process of ecological crimes’ investigation. Moreover, the authors highlight the peculiarities of investigations’ classifications, their role, place and comprehensiveness.peer-reviewe

Modern Hanseatic Trends in the Baltic Region

A critical analysis of Hanseatic traditions may produce consequential methodological material for the study of the 21st century Baltic regionalisation. Current trends in the development of the Baltic region, whose academic analysis is impossible without considering earlier cases of successful interactions between the peoples of the Baltic Sea region, necessitate political, economic, and historical research on the strengths and weaknesses of the Hanseatic League. Unfortunately, in the 21st century, the Baltic region turned into a stage for geopolitical controversies. This took a toll on the efficiency of cooperation between the cities of Russia’s North-West and their Baltic counterparts. Therefore, it is important to seize the opportunities provided by the information society and focus on the innovative areas of regional cooperation. An interesting example is the partnership between Baltic universities, which is aimed to draw up an international agenda for sustainable regional development. Baltic cities are involved in various forms of cross-border cooperation, providing opportunities for interstate relations and contributes to laying down crossborder cooperation roadmaps and developing civil society networks. It can be concluded, that the history of the Hanseatic League and its current incarnation — the New Hanse — testify to the fact that productive economic, cultural, and other relations can be established between states but also between cities and universities, thus contributing to closer economic, political and cultural ties between the peoples of the Baltic region

The integrated effect on properties and composition of high-paraffin oil sludge

The study is devoted to the integrated effect of acoustic treatment and addition of an inhibitor on viscosity-temperature properties and n-alkane composition in high-paraffin oil sludge. Ultrasonic treatment for 1 minute and addition of the inhibitor at the concentration of 0.05% wt. decrease viscosity by 10 times and pour point by 8°С

Developing Students’ Skills of Identifying Reliable Scientific Sources: The Role of a Librarian

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to provide modes of teaching Russian undergraduate students fundamental critical analysis of scientifc papers and ways of identifying misinformation and disinformation in “Academic Writing” discipline. design/methodology/approach. “Academic Writing” discipline was taught to frst-year undergraduate students by scientifc library experts. At a starting period students were asked to complete a questionnaire and perform a test, and then write an essay to identify how students were able to assess Web scientifc literature and verify their “tolerance” to inaccurate and fake scientifc information. Then contact hours on theory and practice of identifying and assessing information were introduced into the curriculum. At the end of the semester lists of works cited in original essays and fnal assays were compared.Findings. The fndings reveal that entirely all frst year undergraduate students lack the ability to differentiate between qualitative certain scientifc information and misinformation and disinformation, and they willingly borrow anything from the Web. However, students acquired necessary skills to assess information critically using socio-technical systems infrastructures.This was demonstrated with list of literature analysis in students’ essays and peer-checking. originality. It is headline news and social networks when it is necessary to distinguish from authentic and inaccurate information. However, skills of critical assessment of scientifc publications are of vital importance at a starting period of studies. In publications of that sort falsifcations, fabrications and other fake discoveries can lead to reputational and fnancial risks, and then trigger unethical demeanour of future researchers. It is qualifed librarians being experts in electronic resources and data based use who are able to get students to “digital hygiene”.Practical implications. The results of the paper can be used for teaching in university curriculum. Embedding information literacy and academic writing as well as involving information resources into students’ curriculum are aimed at the ability to identify misinformation and disinformation. Librarian-developed “Academic writing” discipline component might be introduced into curriculum as a self-contained short course or a composing element of any students’ academic discipline. All this mitigate the risks of applying low-equality, unverifed and openly fake information in educational and scientifc works

Статистический анализ трудовой составляющей конкурентоспособности Амурской области

The purpose of the study is a statistical analysis of the labor resources of the Amur Region as one of the components of the region’s competitiveness.  Materials and methods. To conduct a statistical analysis of the region’s labor resources, statistical methods were used, such as calculating absolute and relative dynamics’ indicators, average values, structure indicators, comparative analysis, graphical analysis method, as well as a general theoretical analysis method of Russian literary sources. The main research method was dynamic analysis. To assess the competitiveness of the region, the rating method was used. The study is based on statistics from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, as well as the Territorial Authority of the Federal State Statistics Service in the Amur Region. In this research, the works of authors are presented: Vlasova V.I., Zemlyanukhina S.G., Shunina V.I., Shelomentseva M.V., Motrich E.L., Ryzhova N.P., Zhuravskaya T.N., Mishchuk S.N., Danchenko E.V., Ryazantseva S.V., Polevoy N.M., Ponkratova L.A., Tsarevskaya E.A., Koroleva S.I., Novikova I.V., Reimera V.V., Rychkova E.S., Dyachenko V.N., Lazareva V.V. and others.  Results. The statistical analysis of the labor component of the competitiveness of the Amur Region made it possible to identify the unfavorable demographic situation in the region, manifested in the annual decline in the labor force in the region. In this case, migration loss leads to a population decline. It is important to note that the share of labor in the total population of the region is increasing every year. At the same time, this increase is higher for men than for women. The employment rate of the population of the Amur region at the age of 15–72 years is increasing every year. Perhaps this trend indicates a decline in the standard of living of the population of the region, which forces the population in old age to engage in economic activity. Confirmation of this fact is a decrease in unemployment in the region. Another trend indirectly indicating a decrease in household income  is a 3.3-fold increase in employment among the elderly from 60 to 72 years. The largest number of labor resources is still engaged in trade. Assessment of the competitiveness of labor resources in the Amur region showed their inefficient use in the region. In the Far Eastern Federal District, the region is in the last but one place.  Conclusion. The competitiveness of the region’s economy is determined by many factors, among which the labor potential occupies a special place. One of the most important tasks of successful socio-economic development of the region is to achieve the most efficient use of the potential of labor and business activity of the population of the region. It is possible to improve the use of labor resources in the region by creating new jobs, manufacturing products with high added value, increasing the level and quality of life of the population, creating the appropriate infrastructure for the life of the population of the territory. In the context of a reduction in the number of labor resources in the region, it is necessary to look for reserves to replenish them. In the increase in the retirement age of the population, attention should be paid to the elderly population as one of such reserves. In addition, taking into account the border position of the Amur region, we should think of the reasonable use for foreign labor in the region. The development and implementation of an effective policy of attracting older people and foreign citizens to work will achieve a balance in the formation and use of the labor potential of the region.Цель исследования – статистический анализ трудовых ресурсов Амурской области как одной из составляющих конкурентоспо­собности региона.  Материалы и методы. Для проведения статистического ана­лиза трудовых ресурсов региона использовались статистические методы, такие как расчет абсолютных и относительных по­казателей динамики, средних величин, показателей структуры, сравнительный анализ, графический метод анализа, а также общетеоретический метод анализа российских литературных источников. Основным методом исследования являлся динамиче­ский анализ. Для выполнения оценки конкурентоспособности ре­гиона применялся рейтинговый метод. Исследование основано на статистических данных Федеральной службы государственной статистики Российской Федерации, а также Территориального органа Федеральной службы государственной статистики по Амурской области. В представленном исследовании рассмотрены труды Власовой В.И., Землянухиной С.Г., Шунина В.И., Шело­менцевой М.В., Мотрич Е.Л., Рыжовой Н.П., Журавской Т.Н., Мищук С.Н., Данченко Е.В., Рязанцева С.В., Полевой Н.М., Понкратовой Л.А., Царевской Е.А., Королевой С.И., Новико­вой И.В., Реймера В.В., Рычковой Е.С., Дьяченко В.Н., Лаза­ревой В.В. и других авторов.  Результаты. Проведенный статистический анализ трудовой составляющей конкурентоспособности Амурской области по­зволил выявить неблагоприятную демографическую ситуацию в регионе, проявляющуюся в ежегодном снижении численности трудовых ресурсов региона. При этом наибольший вклад в снижение численности населения вносит миграционная убыль. Важно отметить, что доля рабочей силы в общей численности населения региона с каждым годом повышается. При этом у мужчин данный прирост выше, чем у женщин. Уровень заня­тости населения Амурской области в возрасте 15–72 года с каждым годом возрастает. Возможно, данная тенденция свидетельствует о снижении уровня жизни населения региона, которая вынуждает население в пожилом возрасте заниматься экономической деятельностью. Подтверждением данного фак­та является уменьшение уровня безработицы в регионе. Еще одной тенденцией косвенно свидетельствующей о снижении доходов населения является увеличение занятых в преклонном возрасте от 60 до 72 лет в 3,3 раза. Наибольшая численность трудовых ресурсов по-прежнему занята в торговле. Оценка конкурентоспособности трудовых ресурсов Амурской области показала неэффективное их использование в регионе. В ДФО область находится на предпоследнем месте.  Заключение. Конкурентоспособность экономики региона определяется множеством факторов, среди которых особое место занимает трудовой потенциал. Одной из важнейших задач успешного социально-экономического развития региона является достижение максимально эффективного использо­вания потенциала трудовой и деловой активности населения региона. Улучшение использования трудовых ресурсов в регионе возможно с помощью создания новых рабочих мест, производ­ства продукции с высокой добавленной стоимостью, повышения уровня и качества жизни населения, создания соответствующей инфраструктуры для жизнедеятельности населения террито­рии. В условиях сокращения численности трудовых ресурсов региона необходимо искать резервы их пополнения. В свете повышения пенсионного возраста населения в качестве одного из таких резервов следует рассматривать население пожилого возраста. Помимо этого, учитывая приграничное положение Амурской области, следует рассмотреть разумное использование иностранной рабочей силы в регионе. Разработка и реализация действенной политики привлечения к труду населения пожи­лого возраста и иностранных граждан позволит достигнуть сбалансированности в области формирования и использования трудового потенциала региона.