Revisión de los coreoidea ibéricos

Tesis Univ. Complutense de Madrid, 1985.Depto. de Genética, Fisiología y MicrobiologíaFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEProQuestpu

Complementary music therapy for cancer patients in at-home palliative care and their caregivers: protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial

Background Patients with advanced cancer, receiving at-home palliative care, are subject to numerous symptoms that are changeable and often require attention, a stressful situation that also impacts on the family caregiver. It has been suggested that music therapy may benefit both the patient and the caregiver. We propose a study to analyse the efficacy and cost utility of a music intervention programme, applied as complementary therapy, for cancer patients in palliative care and for their at-home caregivers, compared to usual treatment. Method A randomised, double-blind, multicentre clinical trial will be performed in cancer patients in at-home palliative care and their family caregivers. The study population will include two samples of 40 patients and two samples of 41 caregivers. Participants will be randomly assigned either to the intervention group or to the control group. The intervention group will receive a seven-day programme including music sessions, while the control group will receive seven sessions of (spoken word) therapeutic education. In this study, the primary outcome measure is the assessment of patients' symptoms, according to the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System, and of the overload experienced by family caregivers, measured by the Caregiver Strain Index. The secondary outcomes considered will be the participants' health-related quality of life, their satisfaction with the intervention, and an economic valuation. Discussion This study is expected to enhance our understanding of the efficacy and cost-utility of music therapy for cancer patients in palliative care and for their family caregivers. The results of this project are expected to be applicable and transferrable to usual clinical practice for patients in home palliative care and for their caregivers. The approach described can be incorporated as an additional therapeutic resource within comprehensive palliative care. To our knowledge, no previous high quality studies, based on a double-blind clinical trial, have been undertaken to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of music therapy. The cost-effectiveness of the project will provide information to support decision making, thereby improving the management of health resources and their use within the health system

Intervention to improve quality of sleep of palliative patient carers in the community: protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial

Background: Sleep disorders are commonly experienced by community caregivers for persons with cancer, with at least 72% reporting moderate to severe disorders. A consequence of this condition, which is associated with the presence of overload in the caregiver, is the increased risk of clinical depression. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of music on the sleep quality achieved by informal caregivers for cancer patients receiving home palliative care. In addition, we will assess the influence of specific variables that could modify these effects, analyse the correlates related to nocturnal wakefulness and consider the diurnal consequences according to the sleep characteristics identified. Methods: This single-blind, multicentre, randomised clinical trial will focus on informal providers of care for cancer patients. Two samples of 40 caregivers will be recruited. The first, intervention, group will receive seven music-based sessions. The control group will be masked with seven sessions of therapeutic education (reinforcing previous sessions). Outcomes will be evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, a triaxial accelerometer, EuroQol-5D-5L, the Caregiver Strain Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire. The caregivers' satisfaction with the intervention performed will also be examined. Discussion: This study is expected to extend our understanding of the efficacy of music therapy in enhancing the sleep quality of caregivers for patients receiving home palliative care. To our knowledge, no reliable scientific investigations of this subject have previously been undertaken. Music is believed to benefit certain aspects of sleep, but this has yet to be proven and, according to a Cochrane review, high-quality research in this field is necessary. One of the main strengths of our study, which heightens the quality of the randomised clinical trial design, is the objective assessment of physical activity by accelerometry and the use of both objective and subjective measures of sleep in caregivers. Music therapy for the caregivers addressed in this study is complementary, readily applicable, provokes no harmful side effects and may produce significant benefits

How can firms’ basic research turn into product innovation? The role of absorptive capacity and industry appropriability

We explain why companies seeking superior product innovation should invest in basic research. Our arguments highlight the role of absorptive capacity and examine how industry appropriability influences these relations. Based on a rich dataset of 8416 firms, we argue that basic research in firms increases their knowledge stock and flows, therefore improving their capacity to identify, assimilate, and exploit external knowledge, which allows them to enhance their product innovation performance. We also verify that strong appropriability regimes not only reduce the effect of basic research on absorptive capacity, but also affect the relation between absorptive capacity and product innovation in two ways. In businesses with a high absorptive capacity, strong appropriability regimes exert a negative influence by reducing product innovation; however, businesses with a low absorptive capacity see their level of product innovation increase. This evidence not only throws into question the attitude of many managers toward basic research; it also calls for open reflection on both the net effect of appropriability on innovative performance and the stages of the innovation process to which public resources should be allocated.Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional | Ref. GRC2014/021Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. ECO2013-45706-

Bioinspired decision-making for a socially interactive robot

Nowadays, robots and humans coexist in real settings where robots need to interact autonomously making their own decisions. Many applications require that robots adapt their behavior to different users and remember each user’s preferences to engage them in the interaction. To this end, we propose a decision making system for social robots that drives their actions taking into account the user and the robot’s state. This system is based on bio-inspired concepts, such as motivations, drives and wellbeing, that facilitate the rise of natural behaviors to ease the acceptance of the robot by the users. The system has been designed to promote the human-robot interaction by using drives and motivations related with social aspects, such as the users’ satisfaction or the need of social interaction. Furthermore, the changes of state produced by the users’ exogenous actions have been modeled as transitional states that are considered when the next robot’s action has to be selected. Our system has been evaluated considering two different user profiles. In the proposed system, user’s preferences are considered and alter the homeostatic process that controls the decision making system. As a result, using reinforcement learning algorithms and considering the robot’s wellbeing as the reward function, the social robot Mini has learned from scratch two different policies of action, one for each user, that fit the users’ preferences. The robot learned behaviors that maximize its wellbeing as well as keep the users engaged in the interactions.The research leading to these results has received funding from the projects: Development of social robots to help seniors with cognitive impairment (ROBSEN), funded by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (DPI2014-57684-R); and RoboCity2030-III-CM, funded by Comunidad de Madrid and cofunded by Structural Funds of the EU (S2013/MIT-2748).Publicad

Myeloid cells in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease: Possible therapeutic targets?

Growing evidence supports the suggestion that the peripheral immune system plays a role in different pathologies associated with cognitive impairment, such as vascular dementia (VD) or Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this review is to summarize, within the peripheral immune system, the implications of different types of myeloid cells in AD and VD, with a special focus on post-stroke cognitive impairment and dementia (PSCID). We will review the contributions of the myeloid lineage, from peripheral cells (neutrophils, platelets, monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages) to central nervous system (CNS)-associated cells (perivascular macrophages and microglia). Finally, we will evaluate different potential strategies for pharmacological modulation of pathological processes mediated by myeloid cell subsets, with an emphasis on neutrophils, their interaction with platelets and the process of immunothrombosis that triggers neutrophil-dependent capillary stall and hypoperfusion, as possible effector mechanisms that may pave the way to novel therapeutic avenues to stop dementia, the epidemic of our time.Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN), Grant/Award Number: PID2019-106581RB-I00; Leducq Foundation for Cardiovascular Research, Grant/Award Numbers: TNE19CVD01, TNE-21CVD04; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and cofinanced by the European Development Regional Fund “A Way to Achieve Europe”, Grant/Award Numbers: PI20/00535, RICORSICTUSRD21/0006/0001; Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence, Grant/Award Number: CEX2020-001041-S.S

FODMAP Intake in Spanish Population: Open Approach for Risk Assessment

Fermentable oligo-, di- and monosaccharides and polyols’ (FODMAP) were related with intestinal complications. The present study aimed to determine the FODMAP consumption of Spanish children, adolescents and adults, analyzing the real FODMAP risk of foods, and to set an open methodology for the measurement of this intake in other regions as well as nutrient intake assurance. Total fructan analysis was performed analytically in eighty-seven food samples. Daily intake of FODMAPs, fiber and micronutrients was calculated by combining the food composition for selected fermentable carbohydrates with the national food consumption stratified by age in an open software. Spanish child and adolescent total FODMAP consumption was settled as 33.4 ± 92.4 and 27.3 ± 69.0 g/day, respectively. Both intakes were higher than that of the adult population (21.4 ± 56.7 g/day). The most important food sources of lactose, excess of fructose and total fructan, considering their content and dietary intake were different between age groups. The contribution of these foods to dietary calcium and fiber and the consequent risk of deficiency if they are withdrawn was highlighted. We demonstrated the relevance of stratifying the total FODMAP intake by age. An open approach for FODMAP intake quantification and nutrient control was provided.Maialen Vazquez-Polo and Gesala Perez-Junkera are IKASIKER fellowships of the Education Department of the Basque Government. This research was supported by a grant (University-Society US18/15 and GIU 18/78) from the University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU

Atención a la Sostenibilidad y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) en la formación del profesorado. Un ejemplo de puentes entre la investigación y la práctica

Esta investigación se centra en el análisis de la atención prestada en la Formación del Profesorado a la Sostenibilidad y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (UNESCO, 2014a). Entre ellos cabe destacar el Objetivo 4, centrado en la Educación, en cuyas Metas se hace referencia a la necesidad de asegurar que todo el alumnado adquiera los conocimientos y competencias necesarias para promover el Desarrollo Sostenible. Se comprende así la importancia de una formación del profesorado que tenga en cuenta la Educación CTSA (Ciencia, Tecnología, Sociedad y Ambiente) para el Desarrollo Sostenible, contribuyendo a la formación de una ciudadanía preparada para la participación en la toma de decisiones, frente a la grave crisis socioambiental a la que se enfrenta la humanidad, y a su implicación en las medidas urgentes que es necesario adopta

Implementation Of Sustainability In The Training Of Secondary School Teachers: Teaching Strategies And Practices

This study is part of a project aimed at promoting the inclusion of competencies in education for sustainability in the pedagogical and educational training of secondary school teachers. To do this, an analysis of the teaching guides has been undertaken in order to establish which competences related to sustainability are addressed in the different subjects of the Master's Degree in Secondary Education Teaching of the University of Valencia (Spain). Other issues that have been analyzed are the teaching and learning methods (e.g. participatory methods, cooperative learning, problem-based learning, debates.) used in each subject, and if sustainability is included when preparing the Master's Final Project in order to establish whether teacher training is helping to promote a transition towards teaching practices including principles, criteria and values dealing with sustainability

Making the change possible. Inclusion of ESD in the training of secondary school teachers

The research presented here focuses on Education for Sustainability into action. It is part of a larger research project with an ultimate goal of catalysing the process of curriculum change towards Sustainability. A first stage of the project was based on a collaborative study of the teaching guides of the specializations of experimental science (Biology-Geology and Physics-Chemistry) from the Master’s Degree in Secondary Education Teaching at the Universitat de València (Spain). An analysis, searching for terms related to Sustainable Development/Sustainability, as well as for those competences identified by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and for the 17 Goals of Sustainable Development (GSDs) in the United Nations 2030 Agenda was carried out from an Action/Research methodological approach searching for deficiencies and opportunities to improve the teaching guides by including Sustainability issues. This paper shows the results of these analyses and secondly focuses on the positive changes that have been carried out thanks to this collaborative work. During the 2017-18 academic year the number of references to Sustainability in the teaching guides increased: as a result of the reflections of the teachers involved and the research team of the project, the teaching guides were modified, including, among other things, the explicit mention to the GSDs 2030, in both specializations. It is also worth mentioning the involvement of pre-service teachers of experimental sciences in research in the field of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), as well as in designing, testing and evaluating activities to include attention to Sustainability in Secondary school. Part of the interest arisen among students is increasingly reflected in some Master's Degree Thesis developing research and educational proposals focused on ESD