Společenskovědní učení v primárním a nižším sekundárním vzdělávání - srovnání českého a amerického zamýšleného kurikula

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Drama Education and its use in School Educational Programs at Primary Schools in Šluknov region

Cílem mé diplomové práce je zjistit, jakým způsobem je reflektována dramatická výchova na 1. stupni základních škol ve Šluknovském výběžku. Konkrétně se zaměřuji na to, jak je dramatická výchova zařazována do školních vzdělávacích programů, zda jsou využívány metody a principy dramatické výchovy v povinných předmětech za účelem rozvoje klíčových kompetencí a jak se dramatická výchova uplatňuje v rámci naplňování mezipředmětových vztahů a průřezových témat. Práce je rozdělena do dvou částí - teoretické a empirické. Cílem teoretické části práce je seznámit čtenáře s vývojem vzdělávacího kurikula v České republice, základními pojmy a principy dramatické výchovy. V empirické části práce jsou uvedeny výsledky výzkumu. Výzkum byl realizován v rámci přípravy této práce. Cílem výzkumu bylo zmapovat, jakým způsobem jsou principy dramatické výchovy reflektovány na 1. stupni základních škol ve Šluknovském výběžku. Součástí příloh je prezentován návrh lekce dramatické výchovy pro hodinu prvouky. Cílem bylo ukázat, že je možné prvky dramatické výchovy implementovat do výuky povinných předmětů. KLÍČOVÁ SLOVA dramatická výchova, metody dramatické výchovy, cíle dramatické výchovy, školní vzdělávací program, klíčové kompetence, osobnostní a sociální výchova, Rámcový vzdělávací plán pro základní vzděláváníThe aim of my diploma thesis is to find out how drama education at primary schools in the Šluknov Hook is reflected. In particular, I focus on how drama education is included in school curricula, whether the methods and principles of drama education are used in compulsory subjects for the development of key competencies, and how drama education is applied in the fulfilment of interdisciplinary relationships and cross-cutting themes. The work is divided into two parts - theoretical and empirical. The aim of the theoretical part of the work is to acquaint the reader with the development of the educational curriculum in the Czech Republic, basic terms, and principles of drama education. The empirical part of the work presents the results of the research. The research was carried out in the preparation phase of this work. The aim of the research was to map how the principles of drama education are reflected at the primary schools in the Šluknov Hook. The appendices include a proposal for a drama education lesson for an elementary teaching class. The aim was to show that it is possible to implement elements of drama education into the teaching of compulsory subjects. KEYWORDS Drama Education, methods of Drama Education, goals of Drama Education, School Educational Program, key competencies, Personal and...Katedra preprimární a primární pedagogikyFaculty of EducationPedagogická fakult

Adverbials in Advanced Czech University Students’ Writing in English

Příspěvek představuje výsledky kvantitativního výzkumu, který se zaměřuje na výskyt, typ a strukturu adverbiálního určení v textech psaných českými vysokoškolskými studenty v angličtině na pokročilé úrovni. V teoretické části je uvedena charakteristika a klasifikace adverbiálního určení z pohledu anglických a českých mluvnic. Teoretický rámec umožnil vytvoření sady parametrů, které byly použity při následné analýze korpusu. V praktické části příspěvku jsou sledované parametry porovnány z hlediska frekvence výskytu v textech psaných českými studenty a ve srovnatelných textech psaných rodilými mluvčími s cílem identifikovat oblasti, v nichž dochází k největším odlišnostem.The contribution presents the results of the quantitative research aimed at the incidence, type and structure of adverbials in texts written by advanced Czech university students of English. The theoretical part presents characteristics and classifications of adverbials in major English and Czech grammar books, leading to the selection of parameters for the analysis of our corpus. In the practical part, the usage of various types of adverbials in the Czech students’ texts is compared with the usage of adverbials in similar texts written by native speakers with the aim to determine whether or not there are significant differences

The language of English grammar

The aim of our paper is to draw attention to one of the areas of academic English – the language and the terminological apparatus of English grammar taught as part of linguistic disciplines at universities. We would like to concentrate on the inconsistent use of academic language based, perhaps, on the plurality of approaches to grammatical description. Various English grammar books and grammar reference sections of English language course books do not cover all grammatical items using the same language, terminology or even approaches to classifi cation. In our contribution, we discuss selected examples of this inconsistency and suggest some possibilities of helping Czech students to cope with the language of English grammar so that it does not become an obstacle in understanding the grammar itself

Stanje monitoringa populacije dabra u Češkoj Republici

The Eurasian beaver is or will be an important large mammal in the Europe; at present there are about 1 million individuals on our continent. Our monitoring effort was aimed at observing the development of a large, stabilized beaver population and was primarily focused in the areas representing 3 different types of habitat occupied by beavers in the Czech Republic – flood-plain forest, agriculture landscape and small watercourses. The aim was to get detailed information about territory size, abundance, habitat and feeding requirements of the Eurasian beaver in our country. All signs of beaver activity were recorded, together with their GPS position. Using spatial analysis (based on kernel density estimates) density spot clusters were generated to indicate the proper location of each territory and its size. A total of 246 beaver territories, with an average territory length of 1.7 kilometers, were found in the areas tracked; population abundance was estimated at between 1200–1300 individuals. One hundred and twenty eight territories (52%) were located in more or less proven flood-plain forests in the alluvial plains of medium-sized rivers. Sixty nine territories (28%) were evaluated as settlements in landscape of a purely agricultural character with intensively or extensively managed production areas in the vicinity of beaver-settled banks. A further 49 territories (20%) existed on the small watercourses of lower or middle positions or on the watercourses of sub-montane or mountain areas. The initial monitoring results will form baseline data to assess the future expansion and utilization of resources of the developing beaver population.Dabar jest, ili će biti važan veliki sisavac Europe; trenutno na našem kontinentu obitava milijun jedinki. Naš monitoring bio je usmjeren na promatranje razvoja velike, stabilne populacije dabra, i to primarno na područjima koja su predstavljala tri različita tipa staništa koja u Češkoj naseljava dabar – poplavne nizinske šume, poljoprivredne površine, i mali vodotokovi. Cilj je bio prikupiti detaljne informacije o veličini teritorija, gustoći, staništu i potrebama za hranom dabra u našoj zemlji. Zabilježeni su svi tragovi pojavljivanja dabra te njihova pozicija u GPS-u. Korištenjem prostorne analize (temeljene na procjeni gustoće jezgre) generirani su \u27density spot clusters\u27 da bi se označio položaj svakog teritorija i njegova veličina. Na praćenom području zabilježena su ukupno 246 dabrova teritorija, prosječne veličine 1,7 km, gustoća populacije procijenjena je na između 1200 i 1300 životinja. U poplavnim nizinskim šumama u području srednje velikih rijeka bilo je 128 teritorija (52%). U potpuno poljoprivrednim područjima s intenzivnim ili ekstenzivnim upravljanjem u blizini obala koje dabar naseljava, bilo je 69 teritorija (28%). Sljedećih 49 teritorija (20%) nalazili su se na početnim ili srednjim dijelovima malih vodotoka, ili na vodotocima submontanih ili planinskih područja. Početni rezultati monitoringa bit će osnovni podaci koji će se koristiti u daljnjem širenju rastuće populacije dabra

Silver covalently bound to cyanographene overcomes bacterial resistance to silver nanoparticles and antibiotics

The ability of bacteria to develop resistance to antibiotics is threatening one of the pillars of modern medicine. It was recently understood that bacteria can develop resistance even to silver nanoparticles by starting to produce flagellin, a protein which induces their aggregation and deactivation. This study shows that silver covalently bound to cyanographene (GCN/Ag) kills silver-nanoparticle-resistant bacteria at concentrations 30 times lower than silver nanoparticles, a challenge which has been so far unmet. Tested also against multidrug resistant strains, the antibacterial activity of GCN/Ag is systematically found as potent as that of free ionic silver or 10 nm colloidal silver nanoparticles. Owing to the strong and multiple dative bonds between the nitrile groups of cyanographene and silver, as theory and experiments confirm, there is marginal silver ion leaching, even after six months of storage, and thus very high cytocompatibility to human cells. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest strong interaction of GCN/Ag with the bacterial membrane, and as corroborated by experiments, the antibacterial activity does not rely on the release of silver nanoparticles or ions. Endowed with these properties, GCN/Ag shows that rigid supports selectively and densely functionalized with potent silver-binding ligands, such as cyanographene, may open new avenues against microbial resistance.Web of Scienceart. no. 200309

Life in Health 2021: Research and Practice

This proceedings contain a selection of papers from the international interdisciplinary conference Life in Health 2021, which took place from 9 to 10 September 2021 in the Czech Republic at the Faculty of Education, Masaryk University. The papers focus on general as well as specific approaches to public health protection and promotion. The findings presented are based on research data and are applicable in health education and general education of children and the whole population

Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology

Proceedings of the 12th Conference of Sport and Quality of Life 2019 gatheres submissions of participants of the conference. Every submission is the result of positive evaluation by reviewers from the corresponding field. Conference is divided into sections – Analysis of human movement; Sport training, nutrition and regeneration; Sport and social sciences; Active ageing and sarcopenia; Strength and conditioning training; section for PhD students

Psychic Resistance and Adaptation of Young People during a Tennis Match

Psychická odolnost a adaptace mládeže v tenisovém utkání Cíle a úkoly práce Cílem diplomové práce je navýšení psychické odolnosti hráčů tenisu a zhodnocení vlivu psychologické přípravy dětí v tenisových utkáních. Záměrem diplomové práce je také podat přehled dosavadních poznatků psychologické přípravy. Metodika práce Psychologická příprava dětí byla prováděna a sledována v letech 2004-2005 v tenisových školách v Opavě ve spolupráci s trenéry mládeže. Výzkum byl zaměřen zejména na vybranou skupinu dětí ve věku 7 až 18 let v tenisové škole Ing.Zdeňka Komrsky v Opavě. U těchto dětí byl kladen zvýšený důraz na psychologickou přípravu v rámci tréninkového procesu. Efektivita této přípravy se kontrolovala v umístění v oblastním tenisovém žebříčku a porovnávala se s minulými výsledky u skupiny chlapců a dívek, kde psychologická příprava nebyla tak intenzivní. Výsledky Výsledky práce ukazují na celkově lepší výsledky u dětí s intenzivní psychologickou přípravou, a to ve všech věkových kategoriích. Úspěšnost psychologické přípravy je efektivnější u starších hráčů majících stabilnější výsledky než u hráčů mladší věkové kategorie. Klíčová slova Tenis, psychologická příprava, psychická zátěž, psychická odolnost, trénink mládeže, tenisové utkání, stres.

The effectiveness of prevention programs in primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases of students of Faculty of health and social studies of University of South Bohemia.

Sex is a natural means of reproduction, but by far it is not practised solely for that purpose. In recent years there has been a large release of morality and today we would hardly find a young person with a belief that sex serves for reproduction only. Sexual life is no longer taboo and therefore it is necessary to speak also about the adverse phenomena that accompany it. There is unwanted pregnancy and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Sexually transmitted diseases present a serious global problem that does not fudge even our society. Young people represent the largest risk group in terms of infection who go through various relationsship selecting a permanent partner. The primary prevention is the most important way how to fight against sexually transmitted diseases, and it is important particularly for those who have not begun yet to live sexually. For this reason it is often implemented in the form of prevention programs in school facilities. The current situation of sexually transmitted diseases in the Czech Republic was charted in the theoretical part of this work. The goal of the practical part of this work was to obtain an overview of the effectiveness of prevention programs in the primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases among students of Health and Social Studies University of South Bohemia. There were defined four hypotheses for this purpose. The first hypothesis: Young people get more information about the dangers of sexually transmitted diseases from the media and from their peers than from schools and parents. The second hypothesis: Experience with random sex has a quarter of respondents. The third hypothesis was formulated as follows: Women have more knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases than men. The fourth hypothesis: Women observe the principles of safe sex more than men. The quantitative research, questioning method and questionnaire technique were used to collect empirical data. The questionnaire was anonymous and had electronic form. The research sample consisted of full-time bachelor programs students of Health and Social Studies University of South Bohemia, who belong by their age structure into the most vulnerable group of infection of sexually transmitted diseases. Respondents. The research was attended by 531 respondents. The first, third and fourth hypothesis were not confirmed on the based of a statistical test. The third hypothesis was confirmed statistically. The descriptive statistics shows that young adults do not have sufficient knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases and have no fear of the disease, which is also reflected in their behavior. The prevention programs for primary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases in the Czech Republic are not quite sufficient, according to the achieved results and in my opinion, and we can not talk about their proven effectiveness. It can be said they provide at least some awareness of the risks associated with sexual intercourse. In my opinion, it is necessary to establish the precise form of the curriculum and to incorporate sex education into the framework of the educational plan as a separate subject in school facilities as basic and secondary. It is necessary to involve parents into the process of primary prevention by increasing their awareness and to pass the acquired information. It is also necessary to promote a form of barrier contraception and introduce general preventive programs in the fight against sexually transmitted diseases