The efficacy of adalimumab on experimentally induced spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury

Objective: Paraplegia is a dangerous complication of thoracoabdominal aortic surgery. Various studies have been conducted on the prevention of this complication and some spinal cord protection methods have been proposed. However, there is not any modality that prevent the development of paraplegia certainly. In the I / R period, primary injury triggers secondary injury due to increased inflammation, apoptosis and free radical formation. In this study, we evaluated that the neuroprotective effect of adalimumab in spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury.  Materials and Methods: In total, 24 adult New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups: Group 1, control; Group 2, ischemia-reperfusion by infrarenal aortic clamping; Group 3, adalimumab treated followed by ischemia. Tissue and plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, total oxidant status and total antioxidant status levels were analyzed as a marker of inflammation and oxidation. Histopathological evaluation of the tissues was performed, and apoptosis was evaluated by TUNNEL method. Results: I/R injury significantly increases plasma and spinal cord tissue at TNF alpha, TOS, TBARS, IL6 levels and reduces plasma and spinal cord tissue to TAS and IL10 levels. Adalimumab treatment significantly reduces plasma and spinal cord tissue to TNF alpha, TOS, TBARS, IL6 and increases plasma and tissue to TAS and IL10 levels. Conclusion: Adalimumab treatment significantly reduces the spinal cord neuronal damage score and the number of apoptotic cells. This paper aims to demonstrate the important neuroprotective effects of adalimumab on rabbit spinal cord I/R injury

İzmir, Şirince Köyü, Çarboğa ve Yenigün evleri restorasyon projesi

The subject of the thesis is Yenigün and Çarboga Houses within the wider context of Sirince houses and Aegean Region vernacular architecture. The thesis analyses the appropriate methodology and approach for a restoration project. As such, it includes the necessary research and analysis that would provide the base for coherent restoration principles and decisions. The thesis includes the historical background of Sirince, detailed description of the present state of the buildings and their surroundings (supported by survey drawings, photographs and visual analysis), comparative study of the buildings within Sirince and the Aegean Region, restitution scheme, and the restoration project including the restoration principles, interventions and the proposal for the future function of the buildings.M.Arch. - Master of Architectur

Une pharmacie portative à Sorde-l'Abbaye

Julien Pierre. Une pharmacie portative à Sorde-l'Abbaye. In: Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie, 65ᵉ année, n°233, 1977. p. 127

Elektroeğirme Yöntemi ile Nanolif Bazlı Aktif Ambalaj Malzemesi Geliştirilmesi Ve Gıda Validasyonu

TÜBİTAK TOVAG Proje01.07.2018Nanolif elde etmek için kullanılan yöntemler arasında elektroegirme, düzenek kurulumununbasit ve ucuz olması ve kısa islem süresi ile öne çıkmaktadır. Elektroegirme yöntemi ilesentetik maddelerden nanolif üretimi yaygınken, son yıllarda biyopolimer esaslı nanolifüretimine olan ilgi artmıstır. Bu sebeple, ilk olarak farklı konsantrasyonlarda hazırlananbezelye unu, mercimek unu, soya proteini ve hidroksipropil metil selüloz (HPMC) bazlıçözeltilerin reolojik özellikleri ve çözelti iletkenlikleri ölçülmüstür. Daha sonra hazırlanançözeltiler degisik kosullarda elektroegirme islemine tabii tutulmustur. Nanoliflerin homojenligigöz önünde bulundurularak en uygun çözelti konsantrasyonları ve elektroegirmeparametreleri belirlenmistir. Elektroegirme yöntemi ile elde edilen nanolifler, yüksek yüzeyalanı/hacim oranına sahip olmasından dolayı aktif ambalajlama için avantajlı bir seçenektir.Projede, antioksidan içeren aktif ambalajlar ile gıdaların oksidasyon hızının azaltılmasıamaçlanmıstır. Bu amaç dogrultusunda, farklı oranlarda galik asit bezelye unu, mercimekunu, soya proteini ve hidroksipropil metil selüloz bazlı nanoliflerin içine elektroegirme yöntemiile basarılı bir sekilde enkapsüle edilmistir. Elde edilen homojen nanoliflerin gallik asityüklenme verimleri ve antioksidan kapasiteleri belirlenip, yüksek verim ve antioksidanmiktarına sahip nanolifler cevizin ambalajlanması için kullanılmıstır. Yapılan hızlı oksidasyontesti sonucunda, galik asit yüklü nanolifler kullanılarak ambalajlanan cevizlerin kontrolgrubundaki cevizlere oranlara daha düsük oksidasyon degerlerine sahip olduklarıbelirlenmistir. Böylece biyopolimer bazlı galik asit yüklü nanolif üretimi basarıylagerçeklestirilip, elde edilen nanoliflerin aktif ambalaj malzemesi olarak kullanımı önerilmistir.Among the methods that are used to produce nanofiber, electrospinning stands out with simplemechanism, cheap construction and short processing time. Although it is common to producenanofibers from synthetic polymers with electrospinning, in recent years the interest inproduction of biopolymer-based nanofibers has increased. Therefore, firstly the rheologicalproperties and electrical conductivity values of pea flour, lentil flour, soy protein andHydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) based solutions at different concentrations weredetermined. Then, the prepared solutions were electrospun at different electrospinningconditions. In regard to homogenous structure of nanofibers, optimum solution properties andelectrospinning conditions were defined. Nanofibers with large surface area obtained by theelectrospinning method are promising materials for active packaging. In this project, it wasaimed to decrease the oxidation of foods by using antioxidant loaded active packagingmaterials. For this purpose, gallic acid at different concentrations were encapsulatedsuccessfully into pea flour, lentil flour, soy protein and HPMC based nanofibers byelectrospinning. The loading efficiency of gallic acid and antioxidant activity of the obtainedhomogenous nanofibers were determined and nanofibers with high loading efficiency andantioxidant activity were used to pack walnuts. After accelerated oxidation test, it was observedthat walnuts packed with gallic acid loaded nanofibers had lower oxidation values than thecontrol walnuts. Thus, gallic acid loaded biopolymer based nanofibers have been successfullyproduced and the usage of these nanofibers can be suggested as active packaging materials.Keywords: electrospinning, pea, lentil, nanofiber, active packagin

Risk Factors for Gastrointestinal Colonization by ESBL-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in Anaesthesiology and Reanimation Intensive Care Unit

WOS: 000339539100003PubMed ID: 23621722In this study it was aimed to investigate the risk factors for gastrointestinal colonization by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in intensive care unit (ICU) of anaesthesiology and reanimation, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. This study was performed prospectively on adult patients hospitalized in ICU of anaesthesiology and reanimation and rectal swab cultures were performed in all patients in the first 48 hours of hospitalization and every one week until discharge or death. Samples were transported to the laboratory in Stuart transport medium and were cultured on two EMB agar plates (one including 4 mg/L ceftazidime) and incubated for 48 hours. E.coli and K.pneumoniae isolates were identified by conventional methods. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar and interpreted according to CLSI guidelines. ESBL was confirmed by double disc synergy test. A total of 140 patients (49 female 91 male; age range: 18-83 years, mean age: 56.3 years) were evaluated, and 41(29.3%) of the patients were found to be colonized with ESBL positive E.coli (n=39) or K.pneumoniae (n=2). The mean time for colonization was 11.15 +/- 10.91 (range between 2-39) days. Age and gender of the patients and antibiotic consumption before or during the stay in ICU of anaesthesiology and reanimation were not found to be associated with colonization (p>0.05). However length of ICU of anaesthesiology and reanimation stay in colonized patients was longer than non-colonized patients (27.59 +/- 22.52 vs. 17.78 +/- 11.74 days; p<0.05). Infectious episodes developed in 22% (9/41) of the colonized cases and three of the nine strains were isolated from the blood cultures, five from the urine cultures and one from both blood and bronchoalveolar lavage cultures. ESBL-positive E.coli or K.pneumoniae colonization was found as an independent risk factor for the development of infection (9/41 vs. 4/99 cases; p=0.002). Forward logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes mellitus, immunosuppresive drug use and length of intubation were associated with ESBL-positive E.coli or K.pneumoniae colonization (p<0.05). The results of this study indicated that the risk of development of infection was significantly high in intensive care patients colonized by ESBL positive E.coli and K.pneumoniae and the identification of the related risk factors was critically important for the establishment of effective control measures