15 research outputs found

    Nursing Education in the World during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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    Bu derlemede, COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında farklı ülkelerdeki hemşirelik okullarında, ülkelerindeki mevcut koşullar, yasal düzenlemeler ve mesleki kurumların önerileri doğrultusunda yapılan uygulamaları açıklamak ve örnekleri ile sunmak amaçlanmıştır. COVID-19 pandemisinin ortaya çıkışı, hemşirelik okullarındaki eğitim şeklinde hızlı değişiklikler yapılmasını, yenilikçiliği, esnekliği ve hızlı hareket etmeyi gerektirmiştir. Hemşirelik eğitiminde yüz yüze yürütülen teorik dersler hızla çevrim içi ortamlara taşınmıştır. Dünyanın birçok bölgesinde virüsün doğası ve hakkındaki belirsizlik, kişisel koruyucu ekipman temini, sağlık sigortası, eğitimci denetimi gibi nedenler göz önüne alınarak öğrencilerin klinik uygulamaları iptal edilmiştir. Bu nedenle klinik uygulama ile öğrencinin kazanabileceği bilgi, beceri ve tutumların geliştirilmesi tüm dünyada hemşirelik eğitiminde en çok zorluk yaşanan alan olmuştur. Çevrim içi eğitime geçiş, okulların öğrenci katılımını teşvik edecek stratejiler geliştirmelerini, sınav prosedürlerinde ve not verme uygulamalarında değişiklikler yapmalarını gerektirmiştir. Aynı zamanda eğitimciler öğrencilere alternatif klinik deneyimler sunmak ve öğrenci performansının nasıl değerlendirileceğini yeniden tanımlamak zorunda kalmışlardır. Hemşirelik okulu yöneticileri ve eğitimcileri pandemi süresince hemşirelik eğitiminin devamlılığını sağlamak ve kalitesini sürdürmek için okullarda altyapının düzenlenmesi, hemşirelik öğrencileri için klinik alan gereksinimlerinin planlanması, akreditasyon standartlarının sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması gibi pek çok unsuru göz önünde bulundurmuştur. Salgınlarla mücadelede yetkin sağlık profesyonelleri yetiştirebilmek için eğitimde gerekli düzenlemeler acil olarak yapılmalıdır.The aim of this review is to explain and present examples of the practices in nursing schools around the world during the COVID-19 pandemic, considering the conditions, legal regulations, and recommendations of professional associations in different countries. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has required rapid changes in the form of education in nursing schools as well as innovation, flexibility, and rapid action. Theoretical courses conducted face-to-face in nursing education have been rapidly transferred to online platforms. In many parts of the world, the clinical learning has been canceled, considering the uncertainty of the virus, the supply of the personal protective equipment, health insurance, and educator supervision. For this reason, developing the knowledge, skills, and attitudes that students gain through clinical learning has been the most difficult issue in nursing education all over the world. The transition to online education has required schools to develop strategies to encourage student participation, and to make changes in exam procedures and grading. Meanwhile, educators had to offer students alternative clinical experiences and redefine how to evaluate student performance. To ensure the continuity of nursing education and to maintain its quality during the pandemic, nursing school deans and nurse educators have taken into account many factors such as organizing the infrastructure in schools, planning clinical learning requirements for nursing students, and ensuring the sustainability of accreditation standards. Necessary regulations in education should be made urgently in order to train competent health professionals in combating epidemics

    Frechet-Hilbert spaces and the property SCBS

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    In this note, we obtain that all separable Frechet-Hilbert spaces have the property of smallness up to a complemented Banach subspace (SCBS). Djakov, Terzioglu, Yurdakul, and Zahariuta proved that a bounded perturbation of an automorphism on Frechet spaces with the SCBS property is stable up to a complemented Banach subspace. Considering Frechet-Hilbert spaces we show that the bounded perturbation of an automorphism on a separable Frechet-Hilbert space still takes place up to a complemented Hilbert subspace. Moreover, the strong dual of a real Frechet-Hilbert space has the SCBS property

    A remark on a paper of P. B. Djakov and M. S. Ramanujan

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    Let l be a Banach sequence space with a monotone norm in which the canonical system (e(n)) is an unconditional basis. We show that if there exists a continuous linear unbounded operator between l-Kothe spaces, then there exists a continuous unbounded quasidiagonal operator between them. Using this result, we study the corresponding Kothe matrices when every continuous linear operator between l-Kothe spaces is bounded. As an application, we observe that the existence of an unbounded operator between l-Kothe spaces, under a splitting condition, causes the existence of a common basic subspace

    A NOTE ON TRIANGULAR OPERATORS ON SMOOTH SEQUENCE SPACES

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    For a scalar sequence (theta(n))(n is an element of N), let C be the matrix defined by c(n)(k) = theta(n-k+1) if n >= k, c(n)(k) = 0 if n < k. The map between Kothe spaces lambda(A) and lambda(B) is called a Cauchy Product map if it is determined by the triangular matrix C. In this note we introduced some necessary and sufficient conditions for a Cauchy Product map on a nuclear Kothe space lambda(A) to nuclear G(1) - space lambda(B) to be linear and continuous. Its transpose is also considered

    Dynamic somatosensory evoked potential and magnetic resonance imaging in pudendal neuropathy: A comparative study with respect to the clinical diagnostic criteria

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    Aim: Pudendal neuropathy (PN) is a common cause of chronic perineal pain and usually diagnosed long after the onset of symptoms. Diagnostic work-up of PN mainly includes radiologic and neurophysiological studies. However, there is no established diagnostic test to confirm the clinical diagnosis. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between the dynamic pudendal somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) and pudendal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with PN diagnosed clinically based on Nantes criteria as the gold standard for comparison. Methods: Forty-three patients (25 females, 18 males) were included in the study. Dynamic pudendal SEP as a novel method, which includes both provocative positioning and stimulation of each side separately, and pudendal MRI were performed in each patient. Results: Dynamic pudendal SEPs were found to be abnormal in 42, normal in 12 of the 54 clinically symptomatic nerves and abnormal in 2, normal in 30 of the 32 clinically asymptomatic nerves. Pudendal MRI was abnormal in 19, normal in 35 of the 54 clinically symptomatic nerves and abnormal in 8 and normal in 24 of the 32 clinically asymptomatic nerves. There was 84% agreement between clinical diagnosis and dynamic pudendal SEP (high sensitivity and specificity), 49% agreement between clinical diagnosis and pudendal MRI (low sensitivity and acceptable specificity), 53% agreement between dynamic pudendal SEP and pudendal MRI. Conclusions: The novel dynamic pudendal SEP method seems to be useful in supporting the clinical diagnosis of PN, while pudendal MRI lacks sufficient sensitivity to be used alone in diagnosis of PN

    Could the mosaic pattern of chromosomal abnormality predict overall survival of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome?

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    Objective/background: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a group of monoclonal hematopoietic diseases consisting of a number of various entities. The presence of differences in chromosomal content of cells within the same individual is known as chromosomal mosaicism. The impact of mosaic pattern on the prognosis of MDS has been unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine the impact of mosaic pattern on the survival of patients with MDS. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 119 patients diagnosed with MDS at the Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology. Giemsa–Trypsin–Giemsa banding was used to evaluate chromosomal abnormality.The effect of chromosomal abnormality mosaicism on overall survival and transformation to acute leukemia was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 66.3 years, and the mean disease duration was 24.2 months. Chromosomal abnormality was observed in 32.5% of patients. Patients with chromosomal abnormalities comprising at least 50% metaphases had significantly lower overall survival than patients with abnormality comprising up to 50% of all abnormal metaphases (p = .003). There were no differences in transformation to acute leukemia among patients with higher and lower chromosomal mosaicism (p = .056). Conclusion: The most important outcome of this study was to demonstrate worse overall survival rates in MDS patients with higher abnormal chromosomal mosaicism than patients with lesser abnormal chromosomal mosaicism. Higher levels of abnormal chromosomal mosaicism did not predict transformation to acute leukemia. The cause of worse outcomes of patients with higher abnormal chromosomal mosaicism may be related to clonal mass. Keywords: Chromosomal abnormality, Mosaicism, Myelodysplastic syndrome, Prognosi
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