Jayamohan's Personality in the Short Story Yaanai (Elephant) Doctor

After the arrival of the British, Tamil literature which was lying dormant, started traveling all over the world on the printing press. Especially the modern literature, which is comprehensible even to the lay people, brilliantly portrays the life of the people without admixture of imagination. In this way, the purpose of this article is to take a closer look at the author's creativity in the short story "Elephant Doctor" in the Aram+ short story collection of the writer Jayamohan. He introduces characters in his work, records hidden histories, tells facts aloud, depicting the chaos of the I.D living people and the fact that the living creatures are greater than humans, the lifestyle of the mountain people, the selfless service, the development of political technology, the intrigues of the medical leaders, the control of scientific notes and other literary resources, and colonialism are the dominant personalities of the Elephant Doctor short story. The conclusion of this article is that if this book is loved and read by fellow human beings, social ills will gradually decrease

Intermittent Fasting Modulates the Glycogen Level in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) and their Next Generation

Introduction: Zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become the best model organism to study the evolutionary biological process and human developmental studies. The liver glycogen plays a vital role in maintaining cellular metabolism, accumulation of glycogen in liver affects the enzymes related to glycogen metabolism. Aim: Impact of intermittent fasting, refeed and overfeeding in glycogen homeostasis on Zebrafish (Danio rerio) and their F1 generation. Materials and Methods: The present in-vivo study demonstrates the effect of intermittent fasting on glycogen storage in zebrafish and their F1 generation. The study was conducted at Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. The duration of study was carried out for one month (December, 2021) for both parental and their F1 generation (April, 2022) groups. The F1 generation fishes involved after its matured (three months). The zebrafish (AB strain) were randomised and split into five experimental groups such as control, overfed, 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours intermittent fasting. The F1 generation from each group was treated as same as parenting groups. The physiological and histological changes were observed in the study group. Significant results were evaluated as p<0.05 values turkey’s method was used. Results: The fasting and overfeeding significantly affects the physiological condition like body weight, length and Body Mass Index (BMI). The parental control and their F1 have a BMI of 0.042±0.04 g/cm² and 0.041±0.04 g/cm². The maximum fasting treated groups (48 hours) of both parent and their F1 generation shows reduced BMI such as 0.032±0.03 g/cm² and 0.030±0.04 g/ cm². The over feed group shows a BMI of 0.053±0.05 g/cm² and 0.052±0.05 g/cm². The result demonstrates that the food-deprived groups and their F1 generation showed less glycogen storage in histological observation. The refeed and overfed groups and their F1 generation exhibit more glycogen accumulation in the liver. The result confers normal regulation of glycogen synthase and glycogen synthase kinase 3 in normally in control and fasting groups as well as in their F1 generation. Conversely, the overfeeding and refeed groups show modulated glycogen activity in both parent and their F1 generation. Conclusion: Glycogen accumulation leads too many diseases and it also affects the generations. The frequent fasting may help to minimise glycogen accumulation and BMI level reduces the complications of disorders related to glycogen homeostasis

Synthesis of ZnO mesoporous powders and their application in dye photodegradation

Mesoporous ZnO materials have been synthesized through chemical deposition of different precursors from aqueous or water-ethanol solutions followed by their thermal decomposition at 400°C in air. The microstructure and morphology of the precursors and obtained ZnO powders were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption (BET) methods. The structure of the precursor and physico-chemical properties of final zinc oxide powders were shown to be considerably influenced by the presence of Cl– ions and ethanol in solution. In water-ethanol solutions, Zn5(OH)8Cl2∙H2O or Zn5(OH)8(NO3)2∙(H2O)2 precursors are formed, while ZnO particles are directly deposited from aqueous solution. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized ZnO materials was evaluated by the decolorization of Rhodamine B (RhB) upon UV irradiation. The ZnO powders have demonstrated high photocatalytic efficiency, enabling decomposition of 81.497.4 % RhB within 3 hours. The increased photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO prepared by annealing of Zn5(OH)8Cl2∙H2O precursor or deposited directly from aqueous chloride-containing solutions can be originated from the presence of Cl-containing compounds remaining after thermal treatment of simonkolleite as well as from introduction of Cl-dopant in ZnO.publishe

Glutamate Elicits Therapeutic Responses in Light-Induced Sleep-Deprived Zebrafish, Danio rerio

Sleep deprivation disrupts most neurotransmitters, which can lead to adverse behavioural changes and other psychiatric illnesses. Many neurotransmitter systems, including dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (N.E.) and GABA, have been implicated in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. The precise significance of sleep deprivation (S.D.) changes in the neurotransmitter levels and the mechanism underlying behavioural alterations is unknown. According to research, sleep deprivation (S.D.) has a major effect on an individual’s quality of life and ability to perform essential physiological functions. As a result, we wanted to confirm the levels of neurotransmitters and behavioural modifications in zebrafish after 24, 48, and 72 hours of sleep deprivation and glutamate treatment on the sleep-deprived groups. The T-maze test was used to assess learning and memory alterations in zebrafish. We used the Novel Tank Test (NTT) and Light and Dark Test (LDT) to examine the anxiety-like behaviour. The spectrofluorimetric method was used to determine the quantities of DA, 5-HT, N.E. and GABA. From this study, it is evident that 72h sleep-deprived fish had a loss of learning and memory via T-maze test and also the anxiety levels were very high in the sleep-deprived group than the other groups. The groups that received glutamate after sleep deprivation showed betterment in the behavioural response. Also, the levels of neurotransmitters were increased in the glutamate treated groups than the sleep-deprived groups. Our findings indicate that sleep loss dramatically impairs behavioural responses and disrupts most neurotransmitter concentrations. When sleep-deprived fish were given glutamate, their behaviour and neurotransmitter levels were nearly identical to those of the control group. This study will have a greater impact on sleep deprivation therapy and pave the way for using the neurotransmitters as external therapeutic agents in treating sleep deprivation and other behavioural changes related to sleep deprivation.It has been suggested that zebrafish is an excellent testing subject for loss of sleep on cognition and that it may also be an efficient model for unravelling the pathways that underpin learning and memory formation.</jats:p

One-step synthesis of ZnO nanosheets: a blue-white fluorophore

Zinc oxide is synthesised at low temperature (80°C) in nanosheet geometry using a substrate-free, single-step, wet-chemical method and is found to act as a blue-white fluorophore. Investigation by atomic force microscopy, electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction confirms zinc oxide material of nanosheet morphology where the individual nanosheets are polycrystalline in nature with the crystalline structure being of wurtzite character. Raman spectroscopy indicates the presence of various defects, while photoluminescence measurements show intense green (centre wavelength approximately 515 nm) blue (approximately 450 nm), and less dominant red (approximately 640 nm) emissions due to a variety of vacancy and interstitial defects, mostly associated with surfaces or grain boundaries. The resulting colour coordinate on the CIE-1931 standard is (0.23, 0.33), demonstrating potential for use as a blue-white fluorescent coating in conjunction with ultraviolet emitting LEDs. Although the defects are often treated as draw-backs of ZnO, here we demonstrate useful broadband visible fluorescence properties in as-prepared ZnO