Efisiensi Ransum dengan Penggunaan Dedak Padi Fermentasi pada Ayam Kampung Fase Pertumbuhan

Efisiensi ransum adalah kemampuan ransum yang dikonsumsi dalam satuan waktu tertentu untuk menghasilkan bobot badan seekor ternak dalam waktu yang sama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi  ransum dengan penggunaan dedak padi fermentasi pada ayam kampung fase pertumbuhan. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan dikandang milik peternak di Desa Lolu, Kecamatan Sigi Biromaru Kabupaten Sigi, berlangsung dari 13 Oktober – 23 Desember 2018. Materi penelitian yang digunakan 60 ekor ayam kampung umur 1 hari Day Old Chick (DOC). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah R0 (tanpa pemberian dedak padi fermentasi dalam ransum), R1 (pemberian 10% dedak padi fermentasi dalam ransum), R2 (pemberian 20% dedak padi fermentasi dalam ransum), R3 (pemberian 25% dedak padi fermentasi dalam ransum), R4 (pemberian 30% dedak padi fermentasi dalam ransum). Peubah yang diamati adalah efisiensi penggunaan ransum, biaya produksi (Rp/ekor), pendapatan (Rp/ekor). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P0,05) terhadap efisiensi penggunaan ransum dan pendapatan. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini bahwa penggunaan dedak fermentasi dalam ransum sampai 30% dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pakan penyusun ransum dan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan ransum walaupun tidak signifikan.Kata Kunci: ayam kampung, biaya produksi, dedak fermentasi, efisiensi ransu

Assessment of the nutritional quality of smoked catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria

This study examined the nutritional quality of smoked Catfish Clarias gariepinus obtained in three different markets in Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria for a period of three months. Proximate compositions of smoked Clarias gariepinus were determined. The highest protein content (49.27 ± 2.59) was recorded in smoked fish obtained from Baddegi market and was not significantly different from that of other sampling sites (P>0.05), while the least protein (46.68 ± 0.52) recorded from Central market also shows no significant differences (P>0.05) from other sampling sites. Similar results were obtained for the fat, the differences in proximate composition of smoked fish in Lapai markets were not significant (P>0.05). The ash content of smoked fish in Efugwaja, Central and Baddegi markets showed significant differences (P<0.05) and these were also exhibited within the months. Sensory evaluation of smoked fish revealed that the taste was significantly different (P<0.05) in all the three market samples, while that of colour, texture and appearance were not significant (P>0.05).There was a significant different (P<0.05) in two minerals, Potassium and Sodium from Baddegi and Efugwaja markets. This study therefore recommends smoked method as one of the preservative process to maintain a longer shelf life for Clarias gariepinus for both commercial and domestic purpose, and still retain its nutritional qualities.Keywords: Smoked fish, Clarias gariepinus, Proximate composition, Fats, Protein, Ash content

Analysis of Equation and Diagram Construction in Applied Calculus Problem Solving

The purpose of this study was to assess algebra and geometric prerequisites skills as incorporated into the Applied Calculus Optimization Problem (ACOP) solution. The difficulties that students encounter in applying algebraic and geometric prerequisites at the early stages of the ACOP solution were identified. The study analyzes errors related to variables and equations (i.e. algebraic symbol/transformation skills), drawing of geometric diagrams (visualization skills) and those associated with application of basic differentiation concepts into ACOP solution process. The study’s goals were addressed as seven specific research questions further subdivided into three main parts: the first four research questions investigated prerequisite algebraic and geometric skills, while question five examined the ability to use some or all of the prerequisite skills to obtain the required ACOP model. Question six is concerned with how some prerequisite (differentiation) skills are use in ACOP solution process. Finally, question seven looked into students’ ability to fully bring into play all the prerequisite skills into ACOP solution process. Furthermore, each of the seven research questions was split into quantitative and qualitative parts. The quantitative data were collected using a test instrument; and a follow up interview was conducted to collect qualitative data. These qualitative data were used to supplement, support and illuminate results from the quantitative components. The target sample is freshmen students taking calculus I in the department of mathematics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge. Overall, the study has revealed that students have achieved a very low success rate on ACOP, immediately following instruction on ACOP solving in their calculus I class. In general, they failed to integrate the basic competences required in ACOP solution. Qualitative evidence from students’ test performance indicated that failure to visualize geometric diagrams from word problems tendered to preclude getting the required formula. More generally, failure in at least one competence lead to collapse in another, and hence the whole breakdown of the ACOP solution process. The overall finding of the research was that students generally failed in integrating the independent algebraic and geometric competences; in cases where integration occurred, students face structural and procedural setbacks that ultimately led to a weakening of the ACOP solution process

Effect of aqueous extract of Irvengia gabonensis on CCL4 induced hepatotoxicity

No Abstract

Length-weight relationship of Hepsetus odoe in Lapai - Agaie Reservoir, Niger State, Nigeria

Study on the length-weight relationship (LWR) of Hepsetus odoe in Lapai-Agaie Reservior, Niger State was carried out between April 2016 and August 2016. One hundred and twenty samples, which comprised of 70 males and 80 females were used for this study. These were collected from fishermen that use gillnet. Females were bigger than males though did not show any significant difference (P<0.05). Length-weight (b) values showed that males (b = 2.6), females (2.7) and pooled (b = 2.7) exhibited negative allometric growth pattern hence, length and weight did not grow at the same proportion. There was positive correlation (r) between length and weight of males (r = 0.74), females (r = 0.78) and pooled (r = 0.85). It is recommended that similar study should be done for dry season, other aspects of the biology of the fish should be studied and water quality assessment through determination of physico-chemical parameters to know the pollution status of the reservoir should also be carried out. This would go a long way to better managed Hepsetus odoe and other fish species in the reservoir.Keywords: Growth pattern, Hepsetus odoe, length-weight relationship, reservoir, Niger stat

AN ANALYSIS OF THE WOMEN’S RIGHT IN ISLAM FROM THE QUR’ANIC VERSES AND AHADITH

Allah (SWT) has created both men and women without subordination of one another. Islam has ensured gender equality and women’s rights in every sphere of their life. Islam has guaranteed rights of men and women in an equal degree and there is no discrimination between men and women. But due to the prevailing socio-cultural norms and practices in Bangladesh sometimes the guarantee of Islam do not get translated into tangible actions. Islam is the religion which liberated Muslim women by ensuring equal rights to them in comparison to their male fellow.. The prime object of this study is to pick out how rights of women are ensured in Islam. This study concludes with an allusion that women are not subordinate of men and indicate an avenue to identify properly women in the light of Islam. This research is actually qualitative in nature where only secondary data has been used. Analytical method was also used in this research. Data has been collected from various books, journals, Glorious Qur’an and Sunnah (tradition) of the Prophet (peace be upon him). This research finds that Islam does not deprive the women rather ensuring proper rights, dignity and status this research includes only those rights of the women as guaranteed by Islam and it does not include constitutional rights or other rights ensured by the existing laws of the country

AN ANALYSIS OF THE WOMEN’S RIGHT IN ISLAM FROM THE QUR’ANIC VERSES AND AHADITH

Allah (SWT) has created both men and women without subordination of one another. Islam has ensured gender equality and women’s rights in every sphere of their life. Islam has guaranteed rights of men and women in an equal degree and there is no discrimination between men and women. But due to the prevailing socio-cultural norms and practices in Bangladesh sometimes the guarantee of Islam do not get translated into tangible actions. Islam is the religion which liberated Muslim women by ensuring equal rights to them in comparison to their male fellow.. The prime object of this study is to pick out how rights of women are ensured in Islam. This study concludes with an allusion that women are not subordinate of men and indicate an avenue to identify properly women in the light of Islam. This research is actually qualitative in nature where only secondary data has been used. Analytical method was also used in this research. Data has been collected from various books, journals, Glorious Qur’an and Sunnah (tradition) of the Prophet (peace be upon him). This research finds that Islam does not deprive the women rather ensuring proper rights, dignity and status this research includes only those rights of the women as guaranteed by Islam and it does not include constitutional rights or other rights ensured by the existing laws of the country

AN ELUCIDATION OF THE POSITION OF WOMEN BEFORE THE ADVENT OF ISLAM AS DESCRIBED IN THE GLORIOUS QUR’AN

Before the advent of Islam, the position of women varied widely across different regions and cultures. It is important to note that the following information provides a general overview and may not apply uniformly to all societies of that time. Pre-Islamic Arabia: In pre-Islamic Arabia, women's status varied greatly depending on tribal customs and traditions. Some tribes practiced female infanticide, considering daughters a burden, while others valued women as members of the community. Women were often married off at a young age and had limited rights in matters of inheritance, divorce, and property ownership. Polygamy was prevalent, and women were sometimes treated as objects of trade. The position of women in pre-Islamic Arabia was varied, depending on their social status and tribal affiliation. However, in general, women had few rights and were often treated as second-class citizens. They were not allowed to own property, inherit, or testify in court. They could be married off without their consent, and they could be divorced by their husbands at will. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to expose these issues in details. Also, the paper explains the status of women in Roman period, in Jews period and in the Christian era. The method used in conducting this research is analytical method

Towards realisation of stable oil prices: an empirical analysis of the impact of OPEC's oil price band/stabilisation policies.

This dissertation contributes to the literature on the role of the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in (de)stabilising oil prices by identifying and critically investigating a gap in the extant literature with respect to OPECs actions in the oil markets, vis-à-vis its stabilisation policies. Two research questions were addressed, namely: to what extent could OPEC have stabilised global oil prices within a particular target price band; and to what extent were OPECs stabilisation policies rendered ineffective by market forces? Consistent with the positivists research paradigm, unrestricted vector autoregressive (VAR) models were applied to monthly data over the 13 year period 2000-2012 on a range of relevant variables identified from the literature. Granger causality tests, impulse response functions (IRFs) and forecast error variance decompositions (FEVDs) were obtained from the VAR estimates to enable a critical analysis to be undertaken of the complex dynamics at play between OPEC and other key market players. The major contributions of the study are: it establishes that OPEC failed over the period 2000-2012 to operate as an effective cartel for controlling oil prices; it provides an innovative contribution to research methodology by utilising VAR impulse response functions and forecast error variance decompositions to describe the complex interactions between various players with diverse objectives in the markets; it contributes to the OPEC cartel literature in a novel way; it should enable regulators to better understand the political, social and economic interaction between key players in the oil markets, thereby increasing chances of policy embracement by all parties; it also makes a theoretical contribution by employing a framework based on target (price) zone theory; and finally it establishes that oil price band policy has the potential to be an important element of price stability in the oil market

Production of Ceiling Board from Piliostigma Thonningii using Styrofoam Adhesive as Binder

The use of synthetic fibres resulted in environmental degradation and the growing interests towards the utilisation of readily available agricultural fibres as a potential replacement for synthetic fibres. This research aims to produce a ceiling board composite from piliostigma thonningii particulate using styrofoam adhesive binder. The board was produced from the readily available materials leading to the low cost of production. The composition has a formulation of fibre/binder mixing ratios (2:1, 1:1, 1:2 w:w), pressures of (100, 300, 500 kg/m2) and temperatures of (30, 65, 100 °C) respectively. The process was successfully modelled and optimized using a Box–Behnken design method. The optimal conditions for the piliostigma thonningii board were found to be fibre/binder mixing ratio of 1:1 w:w, pressure of 500 kg/m2 and temperature of 92 °C yielded response values of density (151.5 kg/m3), water absorption (9.04 %), tensile strength (16.9 N/m2), thermal conductivity (0.11 W/mK). Hence the board has greater insulating properties and good potential to be used as a ceiling board