Religion and the Pan-African ideal: The Experience of Salafi Islam in the West African Sub-Region

No Abstrac

Analisis Perbandingan Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa yang Mengikuti Bimbingan Kelompok dan tidak Mengikuti Bimbingan Kelompok pada siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 4 Jeneponto

Skripsi ini adalah studi tentang perbandingan hasil belajar biologi siswa yang mengikuti bimbingan Kelompok dan tidak mengikuti mengikuti bimbingan Kelompok. Bimbingan belajar dapat diartikan sebagai proses pemberian bantuan dari guru atau guru pembimbing kepada siswa agar terhindar dari kesulitan belajar, yang mungkin muncul selama proses pembelajaran, Sehingga siswa dapat mencapai hasil belajar yang optimal. Bimbingan yang dilakukan ini berupa bimbingan yang dilaksanakan di luar jam sekolah dan di ikuti oleh siswa yang tidak mengikuti bimbingan belajar di luar sekolah. Sehingga untuk melakukan penelitian ini cukup mudah untuk mengetahui hasil belajar dari siswa yang telah mengikuti bimbingan belajar karena tidak adanya pengaruh bimbingan dari luar yang di ikuti. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran biologi tanpa menggunakan penerapan bimbingan kelompok di kelas X SMK Negeri 4 Jeneponto.(2) untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran biologi dengan menggunakan penerapan bimbingan kelompok di kelas X SMK Negeri 4 Jeneponto (3) untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar siswa tanpa dan dengan adanya penerapan bimbingan kelompok di kelas X SMK Negeri 4 Jeneponto . Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 4 Jeneponto tahun ajaran 2010/2011 yang terdiri atas 6 kelas yaitu X1 - X6 yang berjumlah 270 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas X1 yang terdiri atas 45 siswa yang mengikuti bimbingan kelompok dan kelas X2 yang terdiri atas 45 siswa yang tidak mengikuti bimbingan kelompok. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah True Eksperimental. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunkan instrumen tes berbentuk pilihan ganda sejumlah 25 item untuk posttest yang telah diuji 8 validitasnya serta wawancara. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis deskriptif dan analisis infrensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perbedaan hasil belajar antara siswa yang mengikuti bimbingan kelompok dan yang tidak mengikuti bimbingan kelompok. Taraf signifikansi yang ditetapkan sebelumnya adalah = 0,05 . Setelah perlakuan diperoleh hasil analisis statistik deskriptif rata-rata hasil belajar biologi kelompok eksperimen = 77,99 sedangkan rata-rata hasil belajar biologi kelompok kontrol = 70,22. Hasil analisis infrensial menunjukkan bahwa nilai thitung = 4,97 dan ttabel = 2,00 Karena thitung > ttabel (4,45 > 0,05) maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahawa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan metode bimbingan kelompok dan siswa yang tidak diajar dengan menggunakan metode bimbingan kelompo

Developing a Sustainable Concrete using Ceramic Waste Powder

The change from a traditional utilization based society to a sustainable society is urgently needed because of the contamination of the natural environment, the depletion of the natural resources and the reduced capacity of the final waste disposal arrangements. Concrete is regarded as an advanced and major construction material which needs continuous innovation and improvement to reduce environmental impact. In the future, the demand for concrete will be increasing with the increase in population. This article presents an experimental study of using ceramic waste as a limited replacement with cement in structural concrete. Ceramic waste deposit, on one side, poses a number of environmental challenges, ranging from air, water and soil contaminations but on another side, it has cementitious properties. Concrete mixtures with different percentage of ceramic waste powder were produced, tested and compared in terms of compressive strength. As a result, the maximum compressive strength achieved with a 30% ceramic waste. The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of cement concrete with different percentage of ceramic waste powder, it needs to be noted that such performance may be varied when the grade of cement or chemical composition of ceramic waste powder will be changed. The long-run performance (after 28 days) of such concrete and especially when used with reinforcement need to be investigated further

Purpura Fulminans with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy and Symmetric Peripheral Gangrene Complicating Sepsis in an Infant: A Case Report

Purpura fulminans is a rare consequence of sepsis that could be complicated by DIC and gangrene. We report the case of a 2-months-old infant who developed gangrenous limbs. He presented with fever, diarrhoea, vomiting and irritability for 5 days and was dehydrated and unconscious with global hypertonia. With a clinical impression of sepsis antibiotics, IV fluids and supportive care were commenced. He developed purpuric rashes over the trunk and feet, the latter of which gradually ascended over the legs, with swellings and ischemic skin changes up to the knees. A diagnosis of purpura fulminans was made and further evaluation revealed deranged haematologic parameters, features of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC), hypernatraemia, azotaemia and arterial occlusion. Despite blood transfusions and supportive care gangrene emerged and progressively ascended towards the knees. Parents however rejected offer for surgical amputation and left against medical advice. The coexistence of purpura fulminans with multiple triggers for DIC should alert clinicians of a potential risk of peripheral gangrene.Keywords: Infant, Sepsis, Purpura fulminans, DIC, Gangren

Comparison of haematological changes associated with coccidiosis in commercial layer chickens at different production stages in Zaria, Nigeria

Avian coccidiosis remains an economically important disease affecting the poultry industry worldwide. The dearth of information on haematological changes resulting from field cases of coccidiosis in commercial layer chickens necessitated this research. One hundred and twenty commercial layer chickens sampled from different farms in Zaria, diagnosed of coccidiosis at early, mid/peak and late production stages were used for this study. Results showed a significant (p < 0.05) decline in almost all haematological parameters (except for elevated MCV) of commercial layer chickens which were diagnosed of coccidiosis at the different production stages when compared to corresponding values of other apparently healthy layers that served as controls. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values in the layers diagnosed of coccidiosis at all production stages were significantly higher than the values obtained from the corresponding apparently healthy ones that served as control, whereas the MCHC showed significant decreases across all layer chickens diagnosed of coccidiosis at different production stages when compared to the corresponding values of the apparently healthy control layers. Thus, the erythrocytic indices of the layer chickens with coccidiosis showed the RBCs were macrocytic and hypochromic. On the basis of mean PCV, layer chickens at early production stage (PCV: 24.51 ± 3.17%) were most severely affected by coccidiosis, following closely by the layers at mid/peak production stage (PCV: 24.66 ± 1.64%). The highest mean WBC (19.15 ± 2.99 x109/L) was recorded in layers with coccidiosis at mid/peak production stage, which showed they were better in mounting inflammatory response when compared to the mean values of layers at early (14.92 ± 2.85 x109/L) and late (17.99 ± 2.70 x109/L) stages of production. In conclusion, coccidiosis in commercial layer chickens caused significant haematological alterations which could necessitate dietary supplementation to prevent occurrence of anaemia and decline in egg production

Fractional extracts of Azadirachta indica leaf affect spermiogram, testosterone profile, and testis histology of rabbit bucks

The effect of fractions from a crude extract of Azadirachta indica leaves on spermatogenesis, testicular histology and testosterone concentration of New Zealand White rabbits were evaluated in this study. Twenty-five matured male New Zealand White rabbits were used for this study and were randomly assigned to five groups (A, B, C, D, and E). Group A served as the control and was administered distilled water (0.5ml); while groups B, C, D and E served as the hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and butanol treated groups, respectively at the same dosage of 300 mg/kg. Semen samples were collected using an artificial vagina weekly for twelve weeks and were evaluated for volume, colour, motility, concentration, percentage live-dead ratio and morphological abnormalities. A blood sample (2ml) was also collected from each buck through venipuncture of the ear vein three times at regular intervals for the determination of testosterone concentration. Two bucks from each group were humanely sacrificed at the end of the experiment for testicular histology. Significantly lower (p<0.05) sperm motility, higher dead sperm cells, sperm abnormalities, degenerative changes, depletion and vacuolation of spermatogenic cell layers were observed in treatment group C at the end of the experiment. The present study has shown that the chloroform fraction of methanolic crude Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves extract is detrimental to sperm cells and testicular histology

Challenges towards renewable energy: an exploratory study from the Arabian Gulf region

Considering the importance of energy for social and economic development, access to clean, affordable and reliable energy has been adopted as one of the United Nations sustainable development goals that all countries aim to achieve by 2030. However, much of the world's energy is still produced from fossil fuels and thus the progress towards clean and renewable energy is slow. This paper explores the key challenges towards renewable energy in Gulf Cooperation Council countries blessed with plenty of oil and gas reserves. The key challenges identified through literature review were ranked using a quantitative approach through the data collected from a selective sample across the six countries. These challenges in order of importance were found to be policies and regulations, manpower experience and competencies, renewable energy education, public awareness, costs and incentives for renewable energy and government commitment. The findings could be helpful to decision makers and government organisations in the region to develop strategies to overcome these identified challenges

Exploring safety climate factors in construction

This paper aims to explore and to make explicit of the existing safety climate assessment tools and dimensions. The concept of safety climate is firstly discussed with a review of different safety climate factors from the published literature. A qualitative research method was employed to explore the safety climate factors through a systematic review using four databases and specific keywords. A total of 68 papers were selected for the screening process. The screening process allowed to select the final 18 safety climate assessment tools and papers consisting of 98 safety climate factors spanning over a period of 39 years (1980-2019). Construction organisations may consider these factors to assess the current maturity level of their safety climate and to develop plans to achieve the required level. It is recommended that the factors discussed in this paper may be validated first before they are incorporated in the assessment of safety climate

Sonographic evaluation of the common bile duct size in normal adults at university of maiduguri teaching hospital, Nigeria

Despite ultrasound safety, affordability and its widespread use in evaluation of the diseases of biliary tree, paucity of literature on the sonographic measurements of the size of the normal adult common bile duct (CBD) in this environment exists. Objectives: To determine the normal adult diameter of the CBD in this environment using ultrasonography. Methods: This was a cross-sectional prospective study carried out at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital between January to June, 2011. Results: There were 224(56%) females and 176(44%) males aged between18 and 87 years (Mean±SD, 36.88 ±16.97 years). The mean AP and transverse CBD diameters (±SD) were 3.68±0.82mm and 3.89±0.86mm, respectively. The average mean for the two measurements (± SD) was 3.78±0.84mm (range = 2.0 – 6.0 mm). The mean transverse diameter was slightly greater than AP diameter (p = 0.0004).The CBD diameter was strongly correlated with age (r = 2 0.798; p = 0.000; r = 0.629). The least squares regression slope of 0.039mm±0.001 (mean±SD) was obtained suggesting 0.039mm±0.001 increase in the CBD diameter per year. There was significant correlation between the CBD diameter with weight (r = 0.504; p = 0.000) and BMI (r = 0.454; p = 0.000). No significant difference between the mean CBD diameter in males and females (p= 0.084)was observed. Conclusion: The mean and range of CBD size in normal adult population were determined and significantly correlated with age, weight, and BMI

Perancangan Dan Pembuatan Aktuator CO2 Dan Suhu Pada Sistem Live Cell Chamber

Live Cell Chamber merupakan terobosan penting dalam bidang medical engineering. Live Cell Chamber tersusun atas 4 sensor, 2 mikrokontroler dan 4 aktuator. Penggunaan sensor berfungsi untuk membaca keadaan lingkungan chamber, mikrokontroler berfungsi mengolah data dari sensor dan aktuator berfungsi untuk pengatur kondisi chamber berdasarkan kondisi yang dibaca oleh sensor. Solenoid valve merupakan aktuator yang berfungsi mengatur kadar CO2 dalam chamber dengan metode on/off pada driver nya. Peltier merupakan aktuator yang berfungsi menjaga suhu dalam chamber dengan metode on/off pada driver nya.Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa driver on/off kedua aktuator memiliki respon waktu yang singkat ketika mendapat masukan dari mikrokontroler sebesar ± 1 ms. Respon waktu aktuator suhu sebesar ± 38 menit untuk mencapai set poin suhu yaitu 36 0C dengan suhu awal chamber 26 0C. Respon waktu aktuator CO2 sebesar 23 detik untuk mencapai kadar CO2 sebesar 4,47%. Dalam uji kepresisian aktuator suhu selama 24 jam didapatkan rata-rata simpangan terhadap setpoint suhu sebesar 0,4838888890C dan simpangan terbesar yaitu 320C dan uji kepresisian aktuator CO2 rata-rata simpangan terhadap setpoint CO2 sebesar 0.149027778% dan simpangan terbesar yaitu 3,89%