Head of State Immunity in International Law. The Charles Taylor Case before the Special Court for Sierra Leone

This work focuses on the case of former Liberian President Charles Taylor before the Special Court for Sierra Leone. The Taylor case well demonstrates collision of the two interests in contemporary international law: the growing need for international accountability for crimes under international law and a system of immunities. The aim of this work is to illustrate how the legal basis of the court may affect availability of immunity ratione personae and ratione materiae.Publikace se věnuje otázkám ochrany lidských práv s mezinárodním prvkem vymezené danými právními normami, omezení imunity hlav států, speciálně pak diskusi o válečných zločinech a zločinech proti lidskosti páchané těmito představiteli, včetně vraždy, znásilnění a využívání dětských vojáků, které je možné spatřovat v kontextu vývoje 20. století

Global gene expression changes in human embryonic lung fibroblasts induced by organic extracts from respirable air particles

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recently, we used cell-free assays to demonstrate the toxic effects of complex mixtures of organic extracts from urban air particles (PM2.5) collected in four localities of the Czech Republic (Ostrava-Bartovice, Ostrava-Poruba, Karvina and Trebon) which differed in the extent and sources of air pollution. To obtain further insight into the biological mechanisms of action of the extractable organic matter (EOM) from ambient air particles, human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEL12469) were treated with the same four EOMs to assess changes in the genome-wide expression profiles compared to DMSO treated controls.</p> <p>Method</p> <p>For this purpose, HEL cells were incubated with subtoxic EOM concentrations of 10, 30, and 60 μg EOM/ml for 24 hours and global gene expression changes were analyzed using human whole genome microarrays (Illumina). The expression of selected genes was verified by quantitative real-time PCR.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Dose-dependent increases in the number of significantly deregulated transcripts as well as dose-response relationships in the levels of individual transcripts were observed. The transcriptomic data did not differ substantially between the localities, suggesting that the air pollution originating mainly from various sources may have similar biological effects. This was further confirmed by the analysis of deregulated pathways and by identification of the most contributing gene modulations. The number of significantly deregulated KEGG pathways, as identified by Goeman's global test, varied, depending on the locality, between 12 to 29. The Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 exhibited the strongest upregulation in all 4 localities and <it>CYP1B1 </it>had a major contribution to the upregulation of this pathway. Other important deregulated pathways in all 4 localities were ABC transporters (involved in the translocation of exogenous and endogenous metabolites across membranes and DNA repair), the Wnt and TGF-β signaling pathways (associated particularly with tumor promotion and progression), Steroid hormone biosynthesis (involved in the endocrine-disrupting activity of chemicals), and Glycerolipid metabolism (pathways involving the lipids with a glycerol backbone including lipid signaling molecules).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The microarray data suggested a prominent role of activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent gene expression.</p

Development of indicators on excise taxes in EU countries

The objective of the thesis is to investigate the development of excise taxes indicators in twenty-seven member states of the European Union (without Croatia due to the absence of data). The selected period for the analysis is the year 2004 - 2016. The main aim of the thesis is to define the groups of member states EU according to their importance and similarity with respect to the excise duties. With this aim is related the another important idea of the work. That is whether the indicators of excise duties are brought closer to the harmonization processes and if are the member states converging. The cluster analysis was used to achieve the main goal of the work. The data which is used in this analysis is obtained from Eurostat and European Commission databases. The results of cluster analyzes allow the member states to be divided into four of the most stable groups. The group of Nordic countries in Europe, group of border states, states of NMS-12 able to approach the EU-15 and other states of NMS-12. The cluster analyzes also shows that the original and new member states, that joined the EU in 2004 and later, are still different in the field of excise duties. Differences that exist despite the strict harmonization of individual tax systems, in particular the harmonization of excise rates, may be caused, in particular, to the historical roots of individual countries, but also by the economic and political situation

Výtapění výrobních hal

Import 20/04/2006Prezenční výpůjčkaVŠB - Technická univerzita Ostrava. Fakulta strojní. Katedra (340) výrobních strojů a konstruován

Multi-storey office building made of wooden – based materials with timber concrete composite floor panels

Diplomová práce se zabývá návrhem a statickým posouzením hlavní nosné konstrukce vícepodlažní administrativní budovy s konstrukčním systémem těžkého skeletu a dřevobetonovými stropními panely. Součástí práce je vypracování rešerše dalších statických systémů administrativních budov z materiálů na bázi dřeva. Část práce se zaobírá dispozičním i konstrukčním řešení objektu, jež dává základ návrhu 3D modelu v programu Scia engineer. Součástí diplomové práce je stanovit stálé, užitné, montážní a klimatické zatížení, na které se se provádí návrh a posudek prvků nosné konstrukce, včetně ztužení a založení konstrukce. Velká část práce se zabývá posouzením požární odolnosti a návrhu spojů. Práce je zakončena stručným popisem montáže.The diploma thesis is structural analysis and checks for load bearing construction of multi storey office building based on heavy skeleton with timber concrete slabs. Part of the work is the elaboration of another load bearing systems of office building from timber-based materials. A few chapters are based on layout design of the object and structural solution base for 3D engineering model in Scia Engineer software. The main part of thesis is analysis of dead, live, assembly and climatic loads for the structure design and checks of load bearing structure including bracing and foundation. Considerable part of thesis solves analysis of fire resistance and structural connections design and checks. The thesis ends with brief structure assembly description.221 - Katedra konstrukcívýborn

Zásada zákazu použití síly a „počítačový útok“ proti kritickým infrastrukturám státu: vacuum iuris či výkladová výzva?

Mezinárodní právo stanoví kogentní zákaz použití síly jako prostředku řešení sporů mezi státy. Zásada zákazu použití síly je v přípěvku konfrontována se zahájením počítačového útoku proti kritickým infrastrukturám státu. Příspěvek analyzuje, zda lze takový útok kvalifikovat jako mezinárodně protiprávní chování zakládající porušení článku 2 odst. 4 Charty OSN. Složitost zkoumané problematiky je umocněna tím, že ohledně interpretace pojmu použití síly přetrvávají v odborné nauce i mezi státy spory, k čemuž se přidružuje definiční nejasnost pojmu počítačový útok, v tomto ohledu příspěvek pracuje především s obecným výkladovým pravidlem obsaženým v článku 31 Vídeňské úmluvy o smluvním právu a s travaux préparatoires (Charta OSN).The Article analyzes whether a computer network attack can amount to a violation of the prohibiton of the use of force under Article 2(4) of the United Nations Charter. Article fouses primarily on the jus ad bellum. The core instruments used for the analysis include the UN Charter, Tallinn Manual on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Warfare and The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties

Hot blast heating of factory building

Import 23/11/2006Prezenční340 - Katedra výr. strojů a konstruován

Steel double-view tower, “Hranicni vrch”

Bakalářská práce se zabývá popisem a posouzením stávajícího stavu dvojrozhledny a její historie. Na základě užitných vlastností bylo určeno variantní řešení, na němž bylo stanoveno zatížení (stále, užitné i klimatické). Zpracování obsahuje 3D model nosných prvků konstrukce, včetně vypočítaného zatížení, který byl vytvořen v programu Scia engineer. Správnost modelu byla ověřena jednoduchým ručním výpočtem. Ze zjištěných vnitřních sil byly provedeny po-sudky nosných prvků a vybraných spojů konstrukce. Práce se také zabývá rozdíly účinky zatí-žení s přidanými předpjatými tyčemi a bez nich. Závěr práce byl věnován dynamickému zatí-žení. Práce je doplněna zhotovenou výkresovou dokumentací.The bachelor thesis deals with the description and review of the current state of the double-view tower and its history. On the basis of the utility properties, a variant solution was determined on which the load (dead, utility and climatic load) was determined. Processing includes a 3D model of structural members, including the calculated load that was created in the Scia engineer. The correctness of the model was verified by a simple manual calculation. Detected internal forces were used for the design of bearings and the selected structural joints. The work also deals with the differences in the effects of loading with and without prestressed bars. The conclusion of the work was devoted to the dynamics. The work is com-pleted with the drawing documentation.221 - Katedra konstrukcívýborn

Analysis of settlement relations in the enterprise

The main topic of this bachelor thesis is the matter of settlement relations. It is primarily focused on their characteristics and accounting. There are characterized receivables and liabilities of business relations, towards employees, clearing taxes and subsidies, reporting settlement relations in balance sheet, adjustments to settlement relations and last but not least depreciation of debts. The aim of this thesis is to analyse all receivables and liabilities for the reporting period in the selected company. The company is clothing cooperative XYZ and 90% of its products are exported to foreign countries such as Switzerland, Scotland, Germany or Great Britain. The other aim is to concentrate on selected accounting transactions and show, how there are accounted in this company. There is the overall assessment of the size of the receivables and liabilities of the company in conclusion