Evaluation of models for assessing groundwater vulnerability to pollution in Nigeria

This paper examines, based on a review and synthesis of available material, the presently most applied models for groundwater vulnerability assessment mapping. The appraoches and the pros and cons of each method are evaluated in terms of both the conditions of their implementation and the result obtained. The paper further observed that, with the exception of DRASTIC model, most of other models have not been applied to ground water studies in Nigeria, unlike other parts of world where they are widely used. This review therefore brings to limelight the importance of their applicability in groundwater vulnerability mapping in Nigeria. Key words: Groundwater, Vulnerability, Pollution, Nigeri

Simulation of Transient Equilibrium Decay Using Analogue Circuit

Abstract unavailable.Key words: analogue, simulation, transient, operational amplifiers, amplitude scalin

Impact of genetic transformation on morphological expression of transgenic cowpea

Two genetically engineered cowpea lines(TCL-709 and TCL-711) were evaluated under field conditions along with the original parental genotype (IT86D-1010) at confined field trial site Samaru Nigeria for expression of morpholgical traits. The present study was designed and conducted in order to understand whether genetic transformation of cowpea with Cry1Ab gene had led to unwanted changes on the morphological features of transgenic cowpea lines, by making comparative assessment between the transgenic lines and untransformed original parental genotype. The result showed that comparison made between transgenic cowpea line TCL-709 and original parental type showed non-significant differences in all the parameters compared. Similarly, comparison made between cowpea transgenic line TCL-711 and IT86D-1010 had significant differences for days to first flowering, days to first pod maturity and plant height while vegetative traits such as number of primary branches, yield attributes like total number of pods per plant at maturity were not significantly different from the original parent. The most important character in a crop-improvement programme is yield, the result indicated that the genotypes (TCL-709, TCL-711 and IT86D-1010) had non-significant differences among themselves regarding total number of pods per plant. It is therefore concluded that the introduction of Cry1Ab gene has not led to harmful changes on the gross morphological characteristics of cowpea plants, besides conferring insect resistance to Maruca pest.Keywords; Cry1Ab-Transgene, Genetic Transformation, Transgenic-Cowpe

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites among the Trade Donkeys in Bauchi State, Nigeria

A prevalence study was carried out to determine the gastrointestinal parasites among trade donkeys brought to the three majordonkey markets of Alkaleri, Bauchi and Soro in Bauchi State, Nigeria. A total of 116 donkeys comprising of 69 Idabari, 24 Duniand 23 Auraki breeds were randomly selected and examined for gastrointestinal parasitic ova using flotation technique. Theresults of this study revealed that Idabari, had 39 (56.52%) cases of mixed infection, 8 (11.59%) cases of Strongyloides, 6(8.70%)cases of Dictyocaulus, while Trichonema and Strongyles were seen in 5(7.25%) and 4(5.80%) donkeys respectively. In the Dunibreed 14(58.33%) had mixed infections, 2(8.33%) had Strongyles and 1(4.17%) had Strongyloides species. Dictyocaulus andTrichonema species were however not seen. On the other hand Auraki breed however, had mixed infections of 16(69.57%) and3(13.04%) cases of Strongyles species while Strongyloides, Dictyocaulus and Trichonema species were seen as 1(4.35%) caseeach. The result further indicated that location and breed of donkeys did not play significant role (p>0.05) on the prevalence ofinfection. It was concluded that gastrointestinal parasites abound in all the three breeds of donkeys from the study area. Thecontrol by anthemintic medication and management would improve the welfare and performance of donkeys especially whenthe entire health and nutritional needs of donkeys were considered

Effect of Trypanosoma congolense infection on serum cobalt level in Yankassa sheep

Eighteen (18) Yankassa sheep divided into three groups (A, B and C) of 6 animals each. Groups A and B animals were infected with 2ml x105 Trypanosoma congolense; group A was treated with Berenil® (Hoechst AG, Frankfurt, Germany) at first peak of parasitaemia, while group B animals were left untreated. Blood samples were taken once a week before infection and thereafter twice a week but for parasitaemic determination, it was done daily from the tip of the ears. In all groups, Cobalt (Co) was determined by the use of Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (UNICAM SOLAAR 32). The mean concentrations of Co fluctuated in the course of the experiment with slight decrease in the infected groups, but there was no significant difference (P>0.6553) with those of the control. This indicates that trypanosomosis in Yankassa sheep due to T. congolense has no effect on serum cobalt

The response of serum manganese in Trypanosoma congolense infection in Yankasa sheep

No Abstract

Microbial Quality of Poultry Drinking Water in Some Poultry Farms in Bauchi, Nigeria

Microbial quality of poultry drinking water from wells and borehole was assessed from four major poultry farms in Bauchi, Nigeria. Water sample was collected from each farm prior to distribution in the poultry drinkers, in to a sterile sample bottles labeled A, B, C and D for easy identification of the respective farms and samples. Lactose broth medium was used to detect lactose fermenting bacteria and to determine the most probable number (MPN) of coliform present per 100ml of water. Plates of lavine EMB agar, yeast extract agar and violet red bile agar were used for isolation and identification of the bacterial isolates in the water sample. The results revealed that 2100 MPN coliform/100ml were found in A, B and D while 30 MPN coliform/100ml was encountered in the water sample C. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp were found in all the water samples, with sample B and C having Streptococus fecali as an additional isolate. It was concluded that poultry drinking water in the four poultry farms studied was not safe enough for containing above safety limit of 350 coliform/100mls and presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria. Use of water sanitizers, improvement of water quality and monitoring were recommended.Key words: Microbial quality, poultry, drinking water, Bauchi metropolis, Nigeri

Effects of Harmattan on erythrocyte osmotic fragility and Malondialdehyde concentration in goats administered with Resveratrol

No Abstrac

Effect of diets supplemented with garlic essential oil and streptomycin sulphate on intestinal microflore and nutrients digestibility of broilers

No Abstract