Eterno resplandor de una mente sin recuerdos: si me dejas te suprimo.

Este artículo presenta un enfoque neuro-computacional para alterar el flujo bieléctrico cerebral usando análisis de componentes principales, zonificación espacializada y técnicas de Inteligencia Artificial (optimización) sobre las señales del encefalograma (EEG). La idea terapéutica es invertir el patrón de un recuerdo indeseado en el cerebro inmediatamente tras su aparición, a fin de anular su ocurrencia en el tiempo (olvidarlo). Preliminares pruebas sobre un usuario descritas en este texto, han mostrado la efectividad en el tratamiento de una decepción sentimental gracias a una aceleración inducida de la degeneración del recuerdo de su pasada relación

Whole‐brain dynamics differentiate among cisgender and transgender individuals

How the brain represents gender identity is largely unknown, but some neural differences have recently been discovered. We used an intrinsic ignition framework to investigate whether there are gender differences in the propagation of neural activity across the whole-brain and within resting-state networks. Studying 29 trans men and 17 trans women with gender incongruence, 22 cis women, and 19 cis men, we computed the capability of a given brain area in space to propagate activity to other areas (mean-ignition), and the variability across time for each brain area (node-metastability). We found that both measurements differentiated all groups across the whole brain. At the network level, we found that compared to the other groups, cis men showed higher mean-ignition of the dorsal attention network and node-metastability of the dorsal and ventral attention, executive control, and temporal parietal networks. We also found higher mean-ignition values in cis men than in cis women within the executive control network, but higher mean-ignition in cis women than cis men and trans men for the default mode. Node-metastability was higher in cis men than cis women in the somatomotor network, while both mean-ignition and node-metastability were higher for cis men than trans men in the limbic network. Finally, we computed correlations between these measurements and a body image satisfaction score. Trans men's dissatisfaction as well as cis men's and cis women's satisfaction toward their own body image were distinctively associated with specific networks in each group. Overall, the study of the whole-brain network dynamical complexity discriminates gender identity groups, functional dynamic approaches could help disentangle the complex nature of the gender dimension in the brain

Identifying resources used by young people to overcome mental distress in three Latin American cities: a qualitative study

OBJECTIVE: To explore which resources and activities help young people living in deprived urban environments in Latin America to recover from depression and/or anxiety. DESIGN: A multimethod, qualitative study with 18 online focus groups and 12 online structured group conversations embedded into arts workshops. SETTING: This study was conducted in Bogotá (Colombia), Buenos Aires (Argentina) and Lima (Peru). PARTICIPANTS: Adolescents (15–16 years old) and young adults (20–24 years old) with capacity to provide assent/consent and professionals (older than 18 years of age) that had experience of professionally working with young people were willing to share personal experience within a group, and had capacity to provide consent. RESULTS: A total of 185 participants took part in this study: 111 participants (36 adolescents, 35 young adults and 40 professionals) attended the 18 focus groups and 74 young people (29 adolescents and 45 young adults) took part in the 12 arts workshops. Eight categories captured the resources and activities that were reported by young people as helpful to overcome mental distress: (1) personal resources, (2) personal development, (3) spirituality and religion, (4) social resources, (5) social media, (6) community resources, (7) activities (subcategorised into artistic, leisure, sports and outdoor activities) and (8) mental health professionals. Personal and social resources as well as artistic activities and sports were the most common resources identified that help adolescents and young adults to overcome depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION: Despite the different contexts of the three cities, young people appear to use similar resources to overcome mental distress. Policies to improve the mental health of young people in deprived urban settings should address the need of community spaces, where young people can play sports, meet and engage in groups, and support community organisations that can enable and facilitate a range of social activities

The effect of individual and classroom moral disengagement on antisocial behaviors in Colombian adolescents: A multilevel model

The present study examined the predictive effect of moral disengagement (within and between classrooms) on antisocial behaviors in Colombian adolescents, as well as the interaction of moral disengagement with classroom composition by age, socioeconomic status (SES), and perceived teacher–student relationship quality. Multilevel modeling was used to identify individual, compositional, and contextual effects on antisocial behaviors. The predictive variables were: (a) classroom mean score (i.e., between-classroom analysis), and (b) student deviation from the classroom mean score (i.e., within-classroom analysis). The sample included 879 students nested in 24 seventh-grade classrooms in three Colombian cities. The results showed that age, SES, and moral disengagement at the within-classroom level predicted antisocial behaviors. At the between-classroom level, antisocial behaviors were predicted by higher moral disengagement and lower aggregate SES. In addition, significant interactions were found between moral disengagement at the within-classroom level and SES at the between-classroom level. The findings expand our knowledge of the interdependence between individual and classroom contexts in the exercise of moral agency during adolescence

Promoting prosocial behaviour among Colombian adolescents: the evaluation of a universal school-based program using a multi-informant perspective

The present study evaluated the efficacy of an Italian school-based intervention programme adapted in three Colombian sites (Medellín, Manizales, and Santa Marta) in promoting prosocial behaviour among adolescents. Using a pre-test-post-test design with a multi-informant approach, the present study assessed 451 students (Mage = 12.77, SD = 1.06) of the intervention group and 428 students (Mage = 12.64, SD = 1.01) by using self-report and peer rating measures of prosocial behaviour. After establishing the measurement invariance across time and informants, a latent difference score model showed the positive effect of the intervention programme in improving prosocial behaviour evaluated by peers (Cohen’s d = .379) among Colombian adolescents, across all three sites. Implications of the study will be discussed

Spermicides: a contraception alternative to consider

El objetivo de éste artículo fue realizar una revisión bibliográfica que permitiera referir algunos datos históricos, generalidades, uso, ventajas y desventajas sobre los espermicidas. Mediante el uso de diferentes bases de datos biomédicas, utilizando los términos Anticoncepción, Espermato-zoide, Espermicidas, Nonoxinol-9, Microbicida y Productos naturales se realizó una revisión de la literatura y para esto, se seleccionaron diferen-tes artículos científicos, documentos y manuales que permitieron la reali-zación del presente manuscrito, encontrando que desde hace muchos años la anticoncepción ha sido un tema de gran interés en el mundo tratando aspectos como el control de la natalidad y algunas infecciones de transmi-sión sexual. Con el tiempo se han desarrollado métodos anticonceptivos, entre ellos los espermicidas de origen sintético, que cuentan con una multiplicidad de ventajas y desventajas. Sin embargo, diferentes organi-zaciones han planteado la necesidad de buscar nuevos compuestos activos con propiedades espermicidas y microbicidas, que presenten mínimos efectos secundarios; entre estos nuevos compuestos, se destacan en el presente artículo aquellos espermicidas derivados de productos naturales.The aim of this manuscript was to show a review about historical data, uses, advantages and disadvantages of spermicidal products. Conducting a search in several biomedical databases and using some terms such as Contraception, Spermatozoa, Spermicides, Nonoxynol-9, Microbicide and Natural Products there was realized a literature review selecting different scientific articles, documents and guidelines that allowed the realization of this work. Contraception has been a worldwide interest subject since a long time ago, implicating aspects such as natality control and sexual transmitted infections. Eventually, due to the increased knowledge in contraception, some spermicidal products have been developed including the synthetic ones. However, different organizations have paid attention to the necessity for seeking new compounds with spermicidal and microbicidal activity, associated to minimal side effects; among these new molecules, the present article highlight those potential spermicides derived from natural products

A new multicompartmental reaction-diffusion modeling method links transient membrane attachment of E. coli MinE to E-ring formation

Many important cellular processes are regulated by reaction-diffusion (RD) of molecules that takes place both in the cytoplasm and on the membrane. To model and analyze such multicompartmental processes, we developed a lattice-based Monte Carlo method, Spatiocyte that supports RD in volume and surface compartments at single molecule resolution. Stochasticity in RD and the excluded volume effect brought by intracellular molecular crowding, both of which can significantly affect RD and thus, cellular processes, are also supported. We verified the method by comparing simulation results of diffusion, irreversible and reversible reactions with the predicted analytical and best available numerical solutions. Moreover, to directly compare the localization patterns of molecules in fluorescence microscopy images with simulation, we devised a visualization method that mimics the microphotography process by showing the trajectory of simulated molecules averaged according to the camera exposure time. In the rod-shaped bacterium _Escherichia coli_, the division site is suppressed at the cell poles by periodic pole-to-pole oscillations of the Min proteins (MinC, MinD and MinE) arising from carefully orchestrated RD in both cytoplasm and membrane compartments. Using Spatiocyte we could model and reproduce the _in vivo_ MinDE localization dynamics by accounting for the established properties of MinE. Our results suggest that the MinE ring, which is essential in preventing polar septation, is largely composed of MinE that is transiently attached to the membrane independently after recruited by MinD. Overall, Spatiocyte allows simulation and visualization of complex spatial and reaction-diffusion mediated cellular processes in volumes and surfaces. As we showed, it can potentially provide mechanistic insights otherwise difficult to obtain experimentally

Delay of EGF-Stimulated EGFR Degradation in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 (DM1)

Funding Information: This research was supported by the Isabel Gemio Foundation (P18–13) and was also partially supported by the “Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional” (FEDER) from the European Union. E.A.-C. was supported by a pre-doctoral fellowship of Valhondo Calaff Foundation. S.C.-C. and E.U.-C. were supported by FPU fellowships (FPU19/04435 and FPU16/00684, respectively) from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Spain. M.P.-B. and A.G.-B. received fellowships from the “Plan Propio de Iniciación a la Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación (Universidad de Extremadura). M.N.-S. was supported by the “Ramon y Cajal” Program (RYC-2016–20883), and P.G.-S., was funded by “Juan de la Cierva Incorporación” Program (IJC2019–039229-I), Spain. S.M.S.Y.-D. was supported by the Isabel Gemio Foundation and CIBERNED (CB06/05/0041). J.M.F received research support from the Isabel Gemio Foundation and the “Instituto de Salud Carlos” III, CIBERNED (CB06/05/0041). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors.Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a CTG repeat expansion in the 3′ untranslated region of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase gene. AKT dephosphorylation and autophagy are associated with DM1. Autophagy has been widely studied in DM1, although the endocytic pathway has not. AKT has a critical role in endocytosis, and its phosphorylation is mediated by the activation of tyrosine kinase receptors, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). EGF-activated EGFR triggers the internalization and degradation of ligand–receptor complexes that serve as a PI3K/AKT signaling platform. Here, we used primary fibroblasts from healthy subjects and DM1 patients. DM1-derived fibroblasts showed increased autophagy flux, with enlarged endosomes and lysosomes. Thereafter, cells were stimulated with a high concentration of EGF to promote EGFR internalization and degradation. Interestingly, EGF binding to EGFR was reduced in DM1 cells and EGFR internalization was also slowed during the early steps of endocytosis. However, EGF-activated EGFR enhanced AKT and ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels in the DM1-derived fibroblasts. Therefore, there was a delay in EGF-stimulated EGFR endocytosis in DM1 cells; this alteration might be due to the decrease in the binding of EGF to EGFR, and not to a decrease in AKT phosphorylation.publishersversionpublishe