Evaluación de un programa de práctica profesional de la carrera de farmacia

Se implementó un plan piloto combinando un “Protocolo General para Desarrollar Actividades de Atención Farmacéutica(AF)” con prácticas tuteladas desde la Oficina de Farmacia (OF). Participaron estudiantes y docentes deFarmacia, ambos de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas (U.N.C.), y se integraron 21 farmacéuticos de OF, comoInstructores de Práctica Farmacéutica. Los objetivos del trabajo consistieron en: evaluar la implementación delprograma en las OF a través de los informes presentados por los practicantes, y analizar los factores positivos ynegativos asociados al mismo.En el 100,00% de los informes, se presentaron diagnósticos de las OF y proyectos implementados, con recolecciónde datos farmacoterapéuticos.La combinación de prácticas tuteladas con la formación académica, permitió aplicar en la práctica los conocimientosteóricos adquiridos en el área de AF

Feline immunodeficiency virus subtype C is prevalent in northern part of Taiwan

The seroepidemiological survey of cats conducted in northern part of Taiwan in 1998 revealed that the positive rate of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infection was 21.9% (7/32) and the rate was much higher than those of previous reports. We succeeded in isolation of three strains of FIV from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the blood samples. Nucleotide sequences of the env variable V3 to V5 region of the strains revealed that the isolates from distinct areas belong to subtype C. These data together with our previous report (Inada et al. 1997. Arch. Virol., 142: 1459-1467) indicate that FIV subtype C is prevalent in northern part of Taiwan

Radium-223 in women with hormone receptor-positive bone-metastatic breast cancer receiving endocrine therapy: pooled analysis of two international, phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials

Background Most women with advanced breast cancer have skeletal metastases. Radium-223 is an alpha-emitting radionuclide that selectively targets areas of bone metastases. Methods Two double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of radium-223 were conducted in women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), bone-predominant metastatic breast cancer. All patients received endocrine therapy (ET), as a single agent of the investigator’s choice (Study A) or exemestane + everolimus (Study B). Patients were randomized to receive radium-223 (55 kBq/kg) or placebo intravenously every 4 weeks for six doses. Accrual was halted following unblinded interim analyses per protocol amendments, and both studies were terminated. We report pooled analyses of symptomatic skeletal event-free survival (SSE-FS; primary endpoint), radiologic progression-free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS; secondary), and time to bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) progression (exploratory). Results In total, 382 patients were enrolled, and 196 SSE-FS events (70% planned total) were recorded. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) and nominal p values for radium-223 + ET versus placebo + ET were: SSE-FS 0.809 (0.610–1.072), p = 0.1389; rPFS 0.956 (0.759–1.205), p = 0.7039; OS 0.889 (0.660–1.199), p = 0.4410; and time to bone ALP progression 0.593 (0.379–0.926), p = 0.0195. Radium-223- or placebo-related treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 50.3% versus 35.1% of patients (grade 3/4: 25.7% vs. 8.5%), with fractures/bone-associated events in 23.5% versus 23.9%. Conclusions In patients with HR+ bone-metastatic breast cancer, numeric differences favoring radium-223 + ET over placebo + ET for the primary SSE-FS endpoint were suggestive of efficacy, in line with the primary outcome measure used in the underlying phase 2 studies. No similar evidence of efficacy was observed for secondary progression or survival endpoints. Adverse events were more frequent with radium-223 + ET versus placebo + ET, but the safety profile of the combination was consistent with the safety profiles of the component drugs

Condições e relações de trabalho no serviço público: o caso do governo Lula

Este artigo tem por objetivo inventariar as diversas iniciativas do governo Lula (2003-2010) no que diz respeito à formatação de uma política de recursos humanos e, dessa forma, verificar se houve melhoria das condições e relações de trabalho no setor público brasileiro. A partir dos anos 1990 e na contramão do grande crescimento do emprego público nas seis décadas anteriores, a adesão dos governos brasileiros aos princípios do "Consenso de Washington" destaca o funcionalismo como ponto fundamental na agenda das reformas necessárias à retomada do crescimento econômico. Os tais governos tenderam a tratar o emprego público como um problema fiscal e atuaram no sentido de restringir sua dimensão. Em simultâneo, as condições e relações de trabalho apresentaram-se mais precarizadas (evidenciadas pela ausência de reajuste salarial; o crescimento de formas variáveis de remuneração; ampliação do quadro de temporários e terceirizados e com a postura autoritária diante da representação sindical). Por meio de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, poder-se-á perceber que a reestruturação de várias carreiras, a retomada dos concursos, a criação da Mesa Nacional de Negociação Permanente, a reforma previdenciária e os reajustes seletivos das remunerações manifestam a ambigüidade como marca fundamental das políticas de recursos humanos. Isto porque, a um só tempo, os avanços nas condições de trabalho do servidor público foram sempre acompanhados pela manutenção de parte da agenda conservadora dos anos 1990, sobretudo no que diz respeito à reprodução de limites fiscais rigorosos

Effect of a single acupuncture treatment on surgical wound healing in dogs: a randomized, single blinded, controlled pilot study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of acupuncture on wound healing after soft tissue or orthopaedic surgery in dogs.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>29 dogs were submitted to soft tissue and/or orthopaedic surgeries. Five dogs had two surgical wounds each, so there were totally 34 wounds in the study. All owners received instructions for post operative care as well as antibiotic and pain treatment. The dogs were randomly assigned to treatment or control groups. Treated dogs received one dry needle acupuncture treatment right after surgery and the control group received no such treatment. A veterinary surgeon that was blinded to the treatment, evaluated the wounds at three and seven days after surgery in regard to oedema (scale 0-3), scabs (yes/no), exudate (yes/no), hematoma (yes/no), dermatitis (yes/no), and aspect of the wound (dry/humid).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There was no significant difference between the treatment and control groups in the variables evaluated three and seven days after surgery. However, oedema reduced significantly in the group treated with acupuncture at seven days compared to three days after surgery, possibly due the fact that there was more oedema in the treatment group at day three (although this difference was nor significant between groups).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The use of a single acupuncture treatment right after surgery in dogs did not appear to have any beneficial effects in surgical wound healing.</p

Integration of Community pharmacy and pharmacists in primary health care policies in Argentina

Argentina is a federal republic with approximately 44 million people, divided into 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. The health system is segmented into public, social security and private subsystems. The social security and private sectors cover more than 60% of the population. Total health expenditure in 2017 was 9.4% of gross domestic product. Primary health care (PHC) was considered as the principal strategy for universal coverage policy for health system reform in Latin America at the end of 20th century. The most remarkable characteristics of the Argentinian health system are its fragmentation and disorganization. An increase of public sector demands, due to a socioeconomic crisis, led to the subsequent collapse of the system, caused primarily by a sustained lack of investment. First care level decentralization to the Integral Health Service Delivery Networks (IHSDN) becomes the cornerstone of a PHC-based system. Pharmacists and community pharmacies are not formally mentioned in PHC policies or IHSDN. However, pharmacies are recognized as healthcare establishments as part of the first care level. Community pharmacists are the only health care professional whose profit comes from the margin on product sales. Contracts with social security and private insurances provide small margins which reduce the viability of community pharmacies. There is a preference by community pharmacies to diversify product sales instead of providing professional services. This is driven by marketing and economic pressures rather than patient care and health policies. Dispensing is the main professional activity followed by management of minor illness and associated product recommendations. Currently, there are no national practice guidelines or standard operating procedures for the provision of pharmaceutical services and there is no nationally agreed portfolio of services. National pharmacy organizations appear to have no official strategic statements or plans which would guide community pharmacies. There are some isolated experiences in community pharmacies and in public first care level pharmacies that demonstrate the possibilities and opportunities for implementing pharmaceutical services under the PHC approach. There is a real lack of integration of community pharmacies and pharmacists in the healthcare system

Evaluation of a pharmacy's career professional practice program

Se implementó un plan piloto combinando un “Protocolo General para Desarrollar Actividades de Atención Farmacéutica (AF)” con prácticas tuteladas desde la Oficina de Farmacia (OF). Participaron estudiantes y docentes de Farmacia, ambos de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas (U.N.C.), y se integraron 21 farmacéuticos de OF, como Instructores de Práctica Farmacéutica. Los objetivos del trabajo consistieron en: evaluar la implementación del programa en las OF a través de los informes presentados por los practicantes, y analizar los factores positivos y negativos asociados al mismo. En el 100,00% de los informes, se presentaron diagnósticos de las OF y proyectos implementados, con recolección de datos farmacoterapéuticos. La combinación de prácticas tuteladas con la formación académica, permitió aplicar en la práctica los conocimientos teóricos adquiridos en el área de AF.A pilot project combining a “General Protocol to Develop Pharmaceutical Care Activities” and tutelary practice at the community pharmacy was implemented. Both, pharmacy students and teachers, from the Chemical Sciences Faculty at the National University of Córdoba, took part in the program. Besides, 21 pharmacists from community pharmacy got involved as Pharmaceutical Practice Instructors. The objectives of this work were the following: to evaluate the implementation of the project at the community pharmacy by taking into account the students´ report; and to analyze the positive and negative factors associated to the program. Pharmacy office’s diagnosis and implemented projects with pharmacological therapeutic information collected were presented in 100.00% of the reports. The combination of tutelary practice and academic training allowed to put into practice the pharmaceutical care theoretical knowledge acquired