A phytochemical and pharmacognostic approach of Ficus hispida Linn: a review

Herbal plants are arguably poised for a comeback as like sources of ethnic health products in the main due after their vast desire in accordance with synthesize complicated combinations on structurally diverse compounds, which ought to furnish a safer than more holistic approach in conformity with disease cure and prevention. Ficus hispida (FH) Linn belonging to the family Moraceae, who have various pharmacognostic properties. The class Ficus constitutes a necessary crew on trees, now not solely concerning their extensive medicinal virtue however also of their growth habits yet religious significance. Almost every part over those plants is ancient as a traditional belief on treatment because of the treatment on a variety of ailments through Indian traditional healers. The goal on the existing instruction is to accumulate competencies over ethno-medicinal and pharmacognostic importance about FH. FH includes extensive sorts on bioactives compounds as alkaloids, proteins and amino acids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, sterols, phenols, glycosides, gums and mucilage, saponins and terpenes. Multiple scientific researches have been published to establish the scientific foundation over common medicinal values attributed in conformity with FH of terms on ayurvedic usage the plant for blood disorders, anemia, dysentery, hemorrhoids, stomatorrhagia, jaundice and ulcers. The crop fruits are used namely aphrodisiac, lactagogue, emetic and tonic. Furthermore, pharmacological activities like anticancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory have been additionally acknowledged recently. Till now, no action has been published in conformity with elaborate the pharmacognostic functions of FH Linn. The existing decrial is, therefore, an endeavour to relinquish a clear estimate of its pharmacognosy and phytochemistry and a considerable survey over its pharmacological activities

An Optimization Framework for “Build-or-Buy” Strategy for component Selection in a Fault Tolerant Modular Software System under Recovery Block Scheme

This paper discusses a framework that helps developers to decide whether to buy or build components of software architecture. Two optimization models have been proposed. First model is Bi-criteria optimization model based on decision variables in order to maximize the software reliability with simultaneous minimization of the overall cost of the system. The second optimization model deals with the issue of compatibility

Anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of Ficus hispida dried fruit

Background: Natural products are a valuable resource of novel bioactive metabolites and these products exist in which the anti-inflammatory activity. The present investigation studies the in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of Ficus hispida in rat’s model.Methods: Plant material was extracted with methanol in a Soxhlet extraction apparatus. Indomethacin was used as a standard drug here, which is a known potent inhibitor of PG synthesis. The carrageenin and histamine induced paw oedema were selected to represent models of acute inflammations. The test compounds and standard drugs were administered orally. After 60 minutes paw oedema was induced by giving 0.1 ml of 1% Carrageenan and 0.1 % histamine by sub-plantar administration. Paw volume-Plethysmometer by mercury displacement method, before and after 1 hr to 4 hours of carrageenan and histamine administration. Performed MTT-based cytotoxicity assay of the Ficus hispida on the RAW264.7 cell line to determine the IC50 and calculate the pro-inflammatory cytokines viz, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α and compared to the LPS control.Results: The result obtained from the in-vivo study shows that the Ficus hispida has significant anti- inflammatory activity in a dose dependent manner. This effect is similar to that produced by NSAIDS such as Indomethacin. The concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, secreted by the cells after challenging with bacterial LPS (2 µg/ml) and subsequent treatment with 50 µg Ficus hispida has been found to reduce the production of all the three pro-inflammatory cytokines viz, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α as compared to the LPS control. The activity, in fact, is comparable to the standard NSAID Indomethacin.Conclusions: All these findings and phytoconstituents present in the extract could be the possible chemicals involved in the prevention of inflammations

Application of Metallic Strip Gratings for Enhancement of Electromagnetic Performance of A-sandwich Radome

Enhancement of the electromagnetic (EM) performance characteristics of A-sandwich radome wall over X-band using metallic strip gratings is presented in this work. Equivalent transmission line method in conjunction with equivalent circuit model (ECM) is used for modeling the A-sandwich radome panel with metallic strip gratings and the computation of radome performance parameters. Metallic strip grating embedded in the mid-plane of the core and those in the skin-core interface are the configurations considered in the present work. For a given thickness of metallic strip grating, its width and pitch are optimized at different angles of incidence such that the new radome wall configuration offers superior EM performance over the entire X-band as compared to the conventional A-sandwich wall. The EM analysis shows that the superior EM performance of A-sandwich with metallic strip gratings makes it suitable for the design of normal incidence and streamlined airborne radomes.Defence Science Journal, 2013, 63(5), pp.508-514, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.63.245

Synthesis of 2-azetidinones substituted coumarin derivative

α-Naphthol is converted into 4-methylbenzo[h]chromen-2-one by reacting with ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of bismuth trichloride which is then oxidized to 2-oxo-2H-benzo[h]chromene-4-carbaldehyde and then condensed with aromatic primary amines to give Schiff bases (3a-3d). These Schiff bases are then reacted with acid chlorides in the presence of base in toluene to give 1, 3, 4-substituted 2-azetidinones

ANALYSIS OF UROPATHOGENS AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERNS IN DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM), affects various systems within the body. Patients with untreated treated diabetes are at risk of developing a range of complications that contribute to increased morbidity and mortality rates. Diabetes Mellitus exerts various persistent impacts on the Urogenital system. UTIs have been widely acknowledged as a substantial concern among individuals diagnosed with DM. Methods: A potential observational research was conducted consisting of individuals with diabetes mellitus exhibiting positive indications of urinary tract infection. Exclusion criteria encompassed gestational diabetes, patients with compromised immune systems, and individuals presenting with congenital kidney malformations. Results: The study encompassed a total of 110 incidents of UTIs. Among them were a total of 35 males, and 75 females. The age group predominantly comprised between the ages of 55 and 70 years. Escherichia coli was identified as the prevailing microorganism isolated in the sample. Gram-positive organisms proved a sensitivity rate of 100% to Linezolid and Vancomycin. Gram-negative microbes demonstrated a sensitivity rate of 100% to Polymyxin B. Conclusion: Urogenital tract infection is a commonly observed difficulty in individuals with diabetes mellitus. The identification of the most prevalent causative organisms and their corresponding antibiotic sensitivity patterns is imperative within a tertiary care hospital setting in order to establish an enhanced antibiotic policy. Recommendation: It is strongly recommended that further studies be conducted with a larger sample size in order to provide additional support for the findings obtained in this study

Evolution of dopant-induced helium nanoplasmas

Two-component nanoplasmas generated by strong-field ionization of doped helium nanodroplets are studied in a pump-probe experiment using few-cycle laser pulses in combination with molecular dynamics simulations. High yields of helium ions and a pronounced, droplet size-dependent resonance structure in the pump-probe transients reveal the evolution of the dopant-induced helium nanoplasma. The pump-probe dynamics is interpreted in terms of strong inner ionization by the pump pulse and resonant heating by the probe pulse which controls the final charge states detected via the frustration of electron-ion recombination