Soft Neutron Production in DIS: a Window to the Final State Interactions

Recently E-665 reported the first measurement of soft ($E_n \le 10$MeV) neutron production in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) off nuclei. We report the first theoretical analysis of the data. We find that the observed cross section can be quantitatively explained as due to the final state interactions (FSI) of low energy nucleons ($E_N \sim 200-400 MeV$) produced in the elementary $\mu N$ interactions. We argue that the data indicate strong a suppression of the FSI's of fast partons (hadrons) in DIS at high energies, and that studies of the soft neutron production would provide a new sensitive probe of the dynamics of FSI's in DIS both at fixed target energies and at the HERA $eA$ collider.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

Search of new pharmaceuticals on the basis of darbepoetin in the treatment of ischemic stroke: review of literature

The article contains the analysis of medical and biological publications from the global database created by the National Centre for Biology Information (NCBI), an intramural biotechnological division of the US National Library of Medicine. The authors have analyzed publications of the recent ten years. Major results of study of erythropoietins and their recombinant analogues have been generalized and systematized. There has been revealed the significant potential of the preparations of this group to be studied and used. Major advantages and drawbacks of erythropoietins and their recombinant analogues have been describe

Morphology of the rat’s brain in four vessels model of ischemic stroke after administration of carbamylated darbepoetin

The aim was the study of the cerebroprotective effect of carbamylated darbepoetin in a four-vessel model of rat brain ischemia-reperfusion. A massive preconditioning cerebroprotective effect of carbamylated darbepoetin in the fourth group of animals and massive ischemic changes of the hippocampal and cortical neurons in the third group were revealed. These were manifested by karyopyknosis, karyorrhexis, and violation of stratification of CA1-CA3 layers of the hippocampu

Caudal analgesia reduces the sevoflurane requirement for LMA removal in anesthetized children

BACKGROUND: An anesthetic state can reduce adverse airway reaction during laryngeal mask airway (LMA) removal in children. However, the anesthetic state has risks of upper airway obstruction or delayed emergence; so possibly less anesthetic depth is advisable. Caudal analgesia reduces the requirement of anesthetic agents for sedation or anesthesia; it is expected to reduce the sevoflurane requirement for LMA removal. Therefore, we determined the EC(50) of sevoflurane for LMA removal with caudal analgesia and compared that to the EC(50) without caudal analgesia. METHODS: Forty-three unpremedicated children aged 1 to 6 yr were enrolled. They were allocated to receive or not to receive caudal block according to their parents' consent. General anesthesia were induced and maintained with sevoflurane and oxygen in air. EC(50) of sevoflurane for a smooth LMA removal with and without caudal analgesia were estimated by the Dixon up-and-down method. The LMA was removed when predetermined end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was achieved, and the sevoflurane concentration of a subsequent patient was determined by the success or failure of the previous patient with 0.2% as the step size; success was defined by the absence of an adverse airway reaction during and after LMA removal. EC(50) of sevoflurane with caudal block, and that without caudal block, were compared by a rank-sum test. RESULTS: The EC(50) of sevoflurane to achieve successful LMA removal in children with caudal block was 1.47%; 1.81% without caudal block. The EC(50) were significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Caudal analgesia significantly reduced the sevoflurane concentration for a smooth LMA removal in anesthetized childrenope

Radial distribution of the inner magnetosphere plasma pressure using low-altitude satellite data during geomagnetic storm: the March 1-8, 1982 Event

Plasma pressure distribution in the inner magnetosphere is one of the key parameters for understanding the main magnetospheric processes including geomagnetic storms and substorms. However, the pressure profiles obtained from in-situ particle measurements by the high-altitude satellites do not allow tracking the pressure variations related to the storms and substorms, because a time interval needed to do this generally exceeds the characteristic times of them. On contrary, fast movement of low-altitude satellites makes it possible to retrieve quasi-instantaneous profiles of plasma pressure along the satellite trajectory, using the fluxes of precipitating particles. For this study, we used the Aureol-3 satellite data for plasma pressure estimation, and the IGRF, Tsyganenko 2001 and Tsyganenko 2004 storm time geomagnetic field models for the pressure mapping into the equatorial plane. It was found that during quiet geomagnetic condition the radial pressure profiles obtained coincide with the profiles, obtained previously from the high-altitude measurements. On the contrary, it was found that during geomagnetic storm the plasma pressure profiles became sharper; the position of the maximum of plasma pressure corresponds to expected one for given Dst minimum; the maximum value of inner magnetosphere static pressure correlates with the solar wind dynamic pressure. Increase in the plasma pressure profiles indicates the possibility to consider the interchange instability as one of important factors for the development of the main phase of geomagnetic storm.Comment: Accepted in Advances in Space Researc