KAZA İLE GAZ YAĞI İÇİMİ SONRASI BİR ÇOCUKTA AKCİĞER APSESİ VE PNÖMOTOSEL

Hydrocarbon compounds are easily accessible products. Exposure to hydrocarbons is usually by accidental ingestion especially in children younger than 5 years. Pneumonitis is the most common complication of hydrocarbon ingestion. However; formation of lung abscess and pneumatoceles is believed to be a very rare event. Herein; we report a four year old child with hydrocarbon pneumonitis who had developed lung abscess and pneumotocele.Hidrokarbon bileşikleri kolaylıkla ulaşılabilen ürünlerdir. Hidrokarbonlara maruziyet genellikle kaza sonucu içme ile özellikle 5 yaş altı çocuklarda olur. Pnömonit hidrokarbon alımının en sık komplikasyonudur. Bununla birlikte akciğer apsesi ve pnömotosel oluşumunun oldukça nadir bir olay olduğuna inanılır. Burada akciğer apsesi ve pnömotosel gelişen hidrokarbon pnömonitli dört yaşında bir çocuk sunuldu

Characteristics of food allergy in children: National multicenter study

Conference: Congress of the European-Academy-of-Allergy-and-Clinical-Immunology (EAACI) Location: Lisbon, PORTUGAL Date: JUN 01-05, 2019Background : Food allergies impose a significant burden on the life of the child and the family. In this study, to determine the demographic characteristics of food allergies, we investigated the characteristics of patients with food allergies in different regions of Pediatric Allergy- Immunology departments in Turkey. Method : Turkey ' s National Study of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Society has conducted a Study Group on Food Allergies. 25 centers participated in this multicenter, cross- sectional and descriptive study.European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunolog

Efficacy of rupatadine on lung histopathology in a murine model of chronic asthma

Amaç: Rupatadin yeni, non sedatif bir antihistaminiktir. Selektif H1 antagonisti etkisinin yanı sıra diğer antihistaminiklerden farklı olarak güçlü bir PAF inhibitörüdür. PAF alerjik hastalıklarda ve astımda önemli bir mediyatördür. Bu çalışmada amacımız, rupatadinin kronik astım fare modelinde akciğer histolojisi üzerine etkilerini incelemektir. Materyal-Metod: Çalışmada 35 adet BALB/c fare kullanıldı. Fareler yedişerli gruplara ayrıldı. Grup I (kontrol), Grup II, Grup III, Grup IV, Grup V. Çalışma gruplarındaki fareler, ovalbumin uygulanarak duyarlılaştırıldı. Kontrol grubundaki farelere aynı yol ve dozlarda %0,9 NaCl solusyonu uygulandı. Duyarlaştırmanın son haftasında beş gün boyunca Grup II'e %0,9 NaCl, Grup III'e 3mg/kg rupatadin, Grup IV'e 30 mg/kg rupatadin, Grup V'e 1 mg/kg deksametazon orogastrik yolla uygulandı. Çalışma ilaçlarının son uygulamasından 24 saat sonra fareler sakrifiye edildi. Elde edilen akciğer örneklerinin histolojik özellikleri, ışık ve elektron mikroskopisi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Grup II (plasebo) ve Grup III (rupatadin 3mg/kg) karşılaştırıldığında aralarında anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır. Grup IV (rupatadin 30 mg/kg), Grup II ile karşılaştırıldığında ise bazal membran kalınlığı, subepitelyal düz kas kalınlığı ve epitel yüksekliği parametrelerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzelme gözlenmiştir. Grup IV ve Grup V (deksametazon) ile karşılaştırıldığında ise tüm bu parametrelerdeki düzelmenin benzer olduğu bulunmuştur Sonuç: Rupatadinin kronik astım fare modelinde bazal membran kalınlığı, subepitelyal düz kas kalınlığı ve epitel yüksekliği parametreleri üzerine etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Rupatadinin astımda monoterapide kullanılabilmesi için yapılacak daha ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Introduction: Rupatadine is classified as a new second generation antihistamine. It has selective H1 antagonist effects as well as platelet activating factor antagonist properties. Platelet activating factor is proinflammatory mediator involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Our aim is to investigate the effect of rupatadine on histologic changes in chronic murine model of asthma. Method: Thirty-five BALB/c mice were divided into five groups: Group I (as a control group), group II, group III, group IV, group V. All mice except control were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumine. Saline was administered instead of ovalbumine in control group. Mice in group II (placebo group) received saline, in group III received rupatadine at a dose of 3mg/kg per day, in group IV received rupatadine at a dose of 30mg/kg per day and in group V received dexamethasone at a dose of 1 mg/kg per day perorally via orogastric route once daily in the last 5 days of the challenge period. Animals were sacrificed by an overdose of ketamin after 24 hours from the last drug administration. Airway histopathology was evaluated by using light and electron microscopy in all groups. Results: In comparison of Group II and Group III (rupatadine 3 mg/kg), all histologic parameters were similar. When compared Group II and Group IV(rupatadin 30mg/kg), thicknesses of basement membrane, subepithelial smooth muscle layer and epithelium were significantly lower in group IV (p<0.05). In comparison of Group IV (30 mg/kg rupatadin) and Group V(dexamethasone), there were no statistically significant differences of thicknesses of basement membrane, subepithelial smooth muscle layer and epithelium. Conclusion: Rupatadine has beneficial effect on histologic changes in chronic murine model of asthma. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of rupatadine in the management of asthma as monotherapy

A new meta-analysis on the WTP/WTA disparity

This study reports a new meta-analysis of papers that elicit willingness-to-pay (WTP) and willingness-to-accept compensation (WTA) measures of value for the same good. We investigate the effects of type of good and several survey-design features on the WTP/WTA disparity, measured as the logarithm of the ratio of mean WTA to mean WTP. Confirming Horowitz and McConnell׳s (2002) pioneering meta-analysis, we find the disparity is smaller for ordinary private goods than for public and non-market goods, that it is not solely an artifact of using hypothetical transactions or other weak experimental or survey methods, and that it is smaller for studies using student subjects. In addition, we find that the disparity is smaller when subjects have experience valuing the good in real markets or through repeated experimental trials. In contrast to Horowitz and McConnell, we find the disparity is significantly smaller in studies using incentive-compatible elicitation mechanisms. The disparity is smaller in more recent studies, an effect that is attributable only in part to changes in study characteristics

A Study on Structural Characterization of Thermally Stabilized PAN Precursor Fibers Impregnated with Ammonium Bromide before Carbonization Stage

Thermal-oxidative stabilization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber pretreated with ammonium bromide (NH4Br) was performed in the air atmosphere at temperatures between 200 and 250 degrees C for periods of 5 to 75 min in a multistep approach. The study demonstrates that the NH4Br incorporation is highly effective in accelerating nitrile group cyclization by reducing the time required to form a thermally stable structure. After 60 min of the multistep stabilization, NH4Br incorporated and stabilized PAN was entirely thermally stable, infusible, and non-burning. XRD analysis showed the conversion of the pristine PAN molecular structure from a laterally ordered condition to a very disordered amorphous structure by crosslinking and aromatization process. Infrared analysis indicated rapid and concurrent aromatization and dehydrogenation reactions assisted by the formation of oxygen-containing functional groups. With the progression of the stabilization period, TGA thermograms revealed a comparative increase in thermal stability, as directed by the continuous rise of carbon yield. By decreasing the required time for the stabilization process of PAN fiber, the use of NH4Br impregnation is expected to enhance carbon fiber productivity at a reduced cost considerably