89 research outputs found
The Benefits of Using XML Technologies in Astronomical Data Retrieval and Interpretation
This paper describes a solution found during recent research that could provide improvements in the efficiency, reliability and cost of retrieving stored astronomical data. This solution uses XML Technologies in showing that when querying a variety of astronomical data sources a standardised data structure can be output into an XML query results Document. This paper shows the astronomical XMLSchema that has been partially developed in conjunction with simple custom supporting system software. It also discusses briefly possible future implications
The Distribution of Soil Testate Amoebae under Winter Snow Cover at the Plot-scale Level in Arctic Tundra (Qeqertarsuaq/Disko Island, West Greenland)
Understanding the spatial distribution of soil protozoa under the snow cover is important for estimation of ecosystem responses to climate change and interpretation of results of field experiments. This work explores spatial patterns of soil testate amoebae under the snow cover at the plot scale (the range of metres) in arctic tundra (Qeqertarsuaq/Disko Island, West Greenland). To explain spatial patterns in abundance, species diversity and assemblage composition of testate amoebae, we measured microtopography, snow depth and substrate density. The results indicate that the abundance of active testate amoebae under the snow cover was quite low. The empty shell assemblage was characterised by the presence of linear spatial trends in the species composition across the site, whereas no patterns were detected within the plot. The distribution of the abundance and the species diversity were unstructured. The linear trends in the species composition corresponded to the site microtopography and were controlled by the topography-related soil moisture. Snow depth also affected the linear trends presumably by controlling soil temperatures. Overall, the results suggest that population processes do not generate spatial patterns in protozoan assemblages at the plot scale so that protozoan distribution can be considered random at macroscopically homogeneous plots
Methods of Cost Estimates for the Operation on Radio Engineering Means Taking Into Account the Discount Factor
Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ°
ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΠΊ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°,
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ
Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ° ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡCurrently, issues is devoted to the analysis and the cost estimate stages of operation of the radio
engineering means is given insufficient attention. It should be noted the relevance of the assessment
of these cost, the choice of a rational variant of the equipment of radio engineering means. In the
article for this phase of the life cycle of electronic means of operation stages of the proposed method
of estimating cost for each of ethans operation and for the stages of operation of radio engineering
means in general, account the discount facto
Spread Dynamics of Leucosis in Cattle in Livestock Farms of the Russian Federation for 2000β2018
Leucosis occupies a leading position in the modern nosological structure of cattle infectious diseases. This is due to the high infection of livestock and large economic damage in affected farms [1β3]. Leucosis is a chronic tumor disease caused by an RNA-containing virus of the Retroviridae family. The disease is characterized by uncontrolled reproduction of immature hematopoietic cells [4, 5]. The objective is to assess in dynamics the indicators of cattle infection with the leucosis virus and the incidence of leucosis in farms of all categories of the Russian Federation in the period of 2000β2018. The data of the analysis of the epizootic situation for leucosis in cattle in farms of all categories of the Russian Federation for 2000-2018 are presented. Over this period of time, the number of diagnostic serological studies in the immunodiffusion reaction increased 1.88 times in all subjects. According to the results of epizootological monitoring in farms of all categories of the Russian Federation, the rates of infection of the bovine leucosis virus decreased 1.89 times, the incidence rates decreased 2.02 times. At present, the epizootic situation has improved markedly, but so far there are problems with incomplete release of farms from leucosis in cattle. It is necessary to continue work on the elimination of this dangerous chronic disease in farms of all categories in the territory of the Russian Federation
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ·Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠ° β ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ·Π»Π° (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² β Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ). ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π² ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ.
Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ·Π»Π°.
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉΒ (Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²) Π² ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
.
ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π² Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ·Π»Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ.
ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡ
Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅
ΠΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π°Π±ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π±ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-
ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ.
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π±ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ
.
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°Π±ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°Π±ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ².
ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π±ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠ·-Π·Π° ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π° Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ², ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ Π°Π±ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΠΈΠΊΡΠ΅Π»Π΅, ΠΎΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΈΠΊΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ³Π»Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅.
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²Π΅Π±-Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ·Π΅ΡΠ° Π°Π±ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ.
ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
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