Streett Automata Model Checking of Higher-Order Recursion Schemes

We propose a practical algorithm for Streett automata model checking of higher-order recursion schemes (HORS), which checks whether the tree generated by a given HORS is accepted by a given Streett automaton. The Streett automata model checking of HORS is useful in the context of liveness verification of higher-order functional programs. The previous approach to Streett automata model checking converted Streett automata to parity automata and then invoked a parity tree automata model checker. We show through experiments that our direct approach outperforms the previous approach. Besides being able to directly deal with Streett automata, our algorithm is the first practical Streett or parity automata model checking algorithm that runs in time polynomial in the size of HORS, assuming that the other parameters are fixed. Previous practical fixed-parameter polynomial time algorithms for HORS could only deal with the class of trivial tree automata. We have confirmed through experiments that (a parity automata version of) our model checker outperforms previous parity automata model checkers for HORS

Nurturing a gender-responsive approach to climate-smart agriculture in Guinayangan, Quezon

Coconut-based farming systems in Guinayangan, Quezon offer special opportunities for achieving multiple objectives, including carbon sequestration, economic empowerment of women and reduction of risks from variable and extreme weather. This info note discusses the gender-based role inequalities within coconut-based farming systems that can be addressed through agroforestry-based, climate-smart agriculture that features small livestock, fruit trees and root and tuber crops as understory crops. Numerous Climate-Smart Villages, spread across the municipality of Guinayangan, now serve as proof of concept, providing evidence that climate-smart agriculture based on agroforestry interventions are gender sensitive

Crystallization of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Nanofiber in a Narrow Groove

Whisker-type poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) nanofibers were aligned by restricting their growth direction using an approximately 100–1000 nm wide narrow groove fabricated by thermal nanoimprinting. In grooves made of an amorphous fluoropolymer (CYTOP™) with widths of less than 1500 nm, the nanofibers oriented uniaxially perpendicular to the groove and their length was limited to the width of the groove. This result indicates that the nucleation of nanofibers tends to be selectively promoted near the interface of CYTOP™ with fluoro-groups, and nanofiber growth perpendicular to the wall is promoted because P3HT molecules are supplied more frequently from the center of the groove. Furthermore, the orientation induced anisotropic conductivity, and the conductivity parallel to the oriented nanofibers was more than an order of magnitude higher than that perpendicular to the oriented nanofibers

Mechanistic Study on Gold-Like Luster Development of Solution-Cast Oligo(3-methoxythiophene) Film

Solution-cast coating films of perchlorate-doped oligo(3-methoxythiophene) exhibited a gold-like luster similar to that of metallic gold despite the involvement of no metals. However, the development mechanism of the luster remains ambiguous. To understand the mechanism, we performed scanning electron microscopic analysis, variable-angle spectral reflectance measurements, and ellipsometry measurements on ClO4−-doped oligo(3-methoxythiophene) cast film with a gold-like luster. The results revealed that the lustrous color of the film was not induced by the submicron-sized regular structures (structural color), nor by the high-density free electrons (reflective response based on Drude model), but by the large optical constants (refractive index and extinction coefficient) of the film, as speculated previously

By way of sea, the journey towards Alonso de Ercilla's ideal

Este artículo entra en el debate sobre La Araucana a partir de un análisis desde la experiencia del viaje y la metáfora de la vida como navegación, concebidas como un eje significativo de la obra. La poetización del periplo de Ercilla a América se propone como un centro irradiador de sugestivas significaciones de La Araucana. Para ello, se vincula La Araucana con la tradición ideológica sobre el viaje que los autores de la literatura áurea desarrollaron con profusión desde los tiempos de la conquista, con el fin de entroncar el poema con la tradición del humanismo cristiano, del erasmismo pacifista y de su desarrollo en la poesía moralista de su tiempo. El poeta filtró este contexto ideológico tomando de él aquello que le convino para plantear su particular visión de la Conquista; una visión que lo convierte en inaugurador de un discurso crítico americano en la poesía escrita en castellano.This article engages in the debate on La Araucana with an analysis of the experience of travel and the metaphor of life as navigation, both conceived as significant axis of the book. The poetization of Ercilla’s journey to America is proposed as an irradiating centre of suggestive signi?cances in La Araucana. As a result La Araucana is tied to the ideological tradition relating to the journey that authors of Golden Age literature developed abundantly from the times of the Conquest with the purpose of establishing a connection between La Araucana and the Christian humanism tradition and paci?st Erasmism, and their development in the moralist poetry of the time. The poet ?ltered this ideological context taking from it all that interested him in order to present his particular view of the Conquest; a vision that establishes him as the founder of a critical American discourse in poetry written in Castilian