1,497 research outputs found
Fermion Generations and Mixing from Dualized Standard Model
We review a possible solution to the fermion generation puzzle based on a
nonabelian generalization of electric--magnetic duality derived some years ago.
This nonabelian duality implies the existence of another SU(3) symmetry dual to
colour, which is necessarily broken when colour is confined and so can play the
role of the ``horizontal'' symmetry for fermion generations. When thus
identified, dual colour then predicts 3 and only 3 fermion generations, besides
suggesting a special Higgs mechanism for breaking the generation symmetry. A
phenomenological model with a Higgs potential and a Yukawa coupling constructed
on these premises is shown to explain immediately all the salient qualitative
features of the fermion mass hierarchy and mixing pattern, excepting for the
moment CP-violation. Calculations already carried out to 1-loop order is shown
to give with only 3 adjustable parameters the following quantities all to
within present experimental error: all 9 CKM matrix elements for
quarks, the neutrino oscillation angles or the MNS lepton mixing matrix
elements , and the mass ratios . The special feature of this model crucial for deriving the above
results is a fermion mass matrix which changes its orientation (rotates) in
generation space with changing energy scale, a feature which is shown to have
direct empirical support.Comment: updated version of course of lectures given at the 42nd Cracow School
of Theoretical Physics, 2002, Polan
Recommended from our members
Value internalization and role-enactment as a model toward consumption : a comparative study between the U.S.A. (Hartford) and China (Shangai).
Pre-Congestion Notification (PCN) Architecture
This document describes a general architecture for flow admission and termination based on pre-congestion information in order to protect the quality of service of established, inelastic flows within a single Diffserv domain.\u
New Angle on the Strong CP and Chiral Symmetry Problems from a Rotating Mass Matrix
It is shown that when the mass matrix changes in orientation (rotates) in
generation space for changing energy scale, then the masses of the lower
generations are not given just by its eigenvalues. In particular, these masses
need not be zero even when the eigenvalues are zero. In that case, the strong
CP problem can be avoided by removing the unwanted term by a chiral
transformation in no contradiction with the nonvanishing quark masses
experimentally observed. Similarly, a rotating mass matrix may shed new light
on the problem of chiral symmetry breaking. That the fermion mass matrix may so
rotate with scale has been suggested before as a possible explanation for
up-down fermion mixing and fermion mass hierarchy, giving results in good
agreement with experiment.Comment: 14 page
On the Corner Elements of the CKM and PMNS Matrices
Recent experiments show that the top-right corner element () of the
PMNS, like that () of the CKM, matrix is small but nonzero, and suggest
further via unitarity that it is smaller than the bottom-left corner element
(), again as in the CKM case (). An attempt in
explaining these facts would seem an excellent test for any model of the mixing
phenomenon. Here, it is shown that if to the assumption of a universal rank-one
mass matrix, long favoured by phenomenologists, one adds that this matrix
rotates with scale, then it follows that (A) by inputting the mass ratios
, and , (i) the corner elements are
small but nonzero, (ii) , , (iii)
estimates result for the ratios and , and
(B) by inputting further the experimental values of and
, (iv) estimates result for the values of the corner elements
themselves. All the inequalities and estimates obtained are consistent with
present data to within expectation for the approximations made.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, updated with new experimental data and more
detail
A Comprehensive Mechanism Reproducing the Mass and Mixing Parameters of Quarks and Leptons
It is shown that if, from the starting point of a universal rank-one mass
matrix long favoured by phenomenologists, one adds the assumption that it
rotates (changes its orientation in generation space) with changing scale, one
can reproduce, in terms of only 6 real parameters, all the 16 mass ratios and
mixing parameters of quarks and leptons. Of these 16 quantities so reproduced,
10 for which data exist for direct comparison (i.e. the CKM elements including
the CP-violating phase, the angles in
-oscillation, and the masses ) agree well with
experiment, mostly to within experimental errors; 4 others (), the experimental values for which can only be inferred, agree
reasonably well; while 2 others ( for leptons), not yet
measured experimentally, remain as predictions. In addition, one gets as
bonuses, estimates for (i) the right-handed neutrino mass and (ii)
the strong CP angle inherent in QCD. One notes in particular that the
output value for from the fit agrees very well with
recent experiments. By inputting the current experimental value with its error,
one obtains further from the fit 2 new testable constraints: (i) that
must depart from its "maximal" value: , (ii) that the CP-violating (Dirac) phase in the PMNS would be
smaller than in the CKM matrix: of order only if
not vanishing altogether.Comment: 37 pages, 1 figur
- …