La signification des plis d'orientation méridienne dans l'Atlas tunisien centro-septentrional

L'analyse de divers secteurs de l'Atlas tunisien montre que les plis de direction N-S sont fréquents et qu'ils précèdent le plus souvent les cisaillements et les chevauchements vers le Sud-Est. Pendant le serrage miocène, la déformation, souple dans un premier temps, s'exerce sur un bâti affecté de fractures profondes, créant simultanément des plis de direction méridienne et atlasique. Elle évolue ensuite vers des cisaillements et des déplacements tangentiels vers le Sud-Est; ces déplacements sont guidés par les accidents NW-SE à E-W qui induisent dans la couverture mésozoïque des mouvements de translation avec transformatio

Les structures synsédimentaires miocènes en compression associées au décrochement dextre Mhrila-Chérichira (Tunisie centrale)

L'étude de l'accident tectonique Mhrila-Chérichira (Tunisie centrale) met en évidence la permanence de son activité depuis le Crétacé inférieur jusqu'au Villafranchien et permet de retracer l'évolution tectonique de cette région

Interactivity Improves Usability of Geographic Maps for Visually Impaired People

International audienceTactile relief maps are used by visually impaired people to acquire mental representation of space, but they retain important limitations (limited amount of information, braille text, etc.). Interactive maps may overcome these limitations. However, usability of these two types of maps had never been compared. It is then unknown whether interactive maps are equivalent or even better solutions than traditional raised-line maps. This study presents a comparison of usability of a classical raised-line map vs. an interactive map composed by a multi-touch screen, a raised-line overlay and audio output. Both maps were tested by 24 blind participants. We measured usability as efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction. Our results show that replacing braille with simple audio-tactile interaction significantly improved efficiency and user satisfaction. Effectiveness was not related to the map type but depended on users' characteristics as well as the category of assessed spatial knowledge. Long-term evaluation of acquired spatial information revealed that maps, whether interactive or not, are useful to build robust survey-type mental representations in blind users. Altogether, these results are encouraging as they show that interactive maps are a good solution for improving map exploration and cognitive mapping in visually impaired people

Les structures synsédimentaires miocènes en compression associées au décrochement dextre Mhrila-Chérichira (Tunisie centrale)

L'étude de l'accident tectonique Mhrila-Chérichira (Tunisie centrale) met en évidence la permanence de son activité depuis le Crétacé inférieur jusqu'au Villafranchien et permet de retracer l'évolution tectonique de cette région

Motor-evoked potential gain is a helpful test for the detection of corticospinal tract dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

International audienceh i g h l i g h t s Motor-evoked potential (MEP) gain is decreased in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). MEP gain may allow the early detection of upper motor neuron dysfunction in patients and improve the diagnosis of ALS. The diagnostic utility of MEP gain is equivalent to the triple stimulation technique (TST) and better than diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). a b s t r a c t Objective: The detection of upper motor neuron (UMN) dysfunction is necessary for the diagnosis of amy-otrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, signs of UMN dysfunction may be difficult to establish. This study aimed to determine whether motor-evoked potential (MEP) gain (MEP area/background elec-tromyographic activity) represents an efficient alternative to assess UMN dysfunction. Methods: MEP area, MEP/compound muscle action potential (CMAP) area ratio, and MEP gain were tested at different force levels in healthy control subjects and ALS patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses was used to determine the diagnostic utility of MEP gain and compare it to alternative techniques, namely, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the triple stimulation technique (TST). Results: MEP gain revealed a significant difference between the patients and healthy control subjects in contrast to MEP area and MEP/CMAP area ratio. The diagnostic utility of MEP gain was comparable with that of TST and superior to that of DTI. Conclusion: MEP gain can distinguish ALS patients from control subjects and may be helpful for the diagnosis of ALS. Significance: MEP gain appears to be a useful adjunct test and noninvasive method for the assessment of corticospinal dysfunction

Site-Specific Radiofluorination of Biomolecules with 8-[(18)F]-Fluorooctanoic Acid Catalyzed by Lipoic Acid Ligase.

New methodologies for site-specifically radiolabeling proteins with (18)F are required to generate high quality radiotracers for preclinical and clinical applications with positron emission tomography. Herein, we report an approach by which we use lipoic acid ligase (LplA) to conjugate [(18)F]-fluorooctanoic acid to an antibody fragment bearing the peptide substrate of LplA. The mild conditions of the reaction preserve antibody immunoreactivity, and the efficiency of LplA allows for >90% yield even with very small amounts of peptidic precursor (1-10 nmol). These features are advantageous compared to the current gold standard in the field. Moreover, the methodology introduces a new application for an important tool in chemical biology

Active targeting with Y-90 radiolabelled octreotate functionalized AGuIX ultra-small nano particles

International audienc