EC66-2201 No Stoop; No Stretch, Kitchen Storage

Extension Circular 66-2201: No Stoop, No Stretch, Kitchen Storage; storage principles, work areas, and storage for accessibility. Prepared with the person in mind who has limited physical mobility

Farm Family Housing Needs and Preferences in Nebraska

This bulletin reports the results of a survey of Nebraska farm family preferences, activities and possessions as they are related to housing needs. The study was part of a cooperative research project for the improvement of farm family housing in the North Central Region. The purpose of the study in Nebraska was three-fold: (1) To interpret the housing needs of farm families of the state in terms of: (a) some of the physical characteristics of the farm dwellings currently occupied; (b) features farm families would like in a new house if they were building one; (c) activities carried on in farmhouses that require special space and equipment; (d) statements of family members concerning preferred places in the house for carrying on specified activities; and (e) possessions farm families have that require space for storage; (2) To determine the difference in housing needs and preferences of farm families residing in different areas of the state, and of those varying in family income, family composition and farm tenure; (3) To identify the ways in which the housing needs and preferences of farm families in Nebraska are different from those of the North Central Region

The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance

INTRODUCTION Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic. RATIONALE We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs). RESULTS Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants. CONCLUSION Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century

The Existing Space in Nebraska Multistory Tee Houses

The objectives of this study: (1) To determine the nature of the occupied tee house of more than one story in terms of placement on the farm, condition of the structure, the floor plan, the existing utilities, work areas and storage space. (2) To determine the adequacy of tee houses of more than one story in terms of recommended minimum health requirements and the stage of the family cycle. (3) To suggest recommendations for remodeling the tee house of more than one story

RB58-186 The Existing Space in Nebraska Multistory Tee Houses

In this manuscript, data are presented regarding the space and characteristics of multistory tee-shaped farmhouses. The tee house is shaped like the letter t , one wing perpendicular to the main portion of the house in such a way that the main portion projects on each side. The multistory tee house as found to be most prevalent in the areas of Nebraska included in this study. The sample comprised houses chosen by a method of random sampling. A personal interview was made at each farmhouse by a home economist and an agricultural engineer. Detailed measurements of the entire house and a sketch of the farmstead were made. This research bulletin from 1958 discusses: the characteristics of the tee-shaped farmhouse of more than one story, the building site, the age of the house, the exterior and interior, the house plan, modernization, remodeling, the characteristics of the family, and the space standards

RB54-175 Farm Family Housing Needs and Preferences in Nebraska

Some farm families in Nebraska want to build new houses. Many others are planning to remodel. These families will be asking architects, engineers, builders, contractors, and dealers for plans that meet their needs. Thus, farmhouse plans should be developed that provide for the basic needs of all farm families and that are adaptable to special requirements of some families. This 1954 bulletin reports the results of a survey of Nebraska farm family preferences, activities and possessions as they are related to housing needs. The study was part of a cooperative research project for the improvement of farm family housing in the North Central Region. The purpose of the study in Nebraska was three-fold: To interpret the housing needs of farm families of the state. To determine the difference in housing needs and preferences of farm families residing in different areas of the state, and of those varying in family income, family composition and farm tenure. To identify the ways in which the housing needs and preferences of farm families in Nebraska are different from those of the North Central Region

EC66-2200 Easy to Use Kitchens

Extension Circular 66-2200: Easy to use Kitchens; different kitchen shapes, what kitchens should have, and how to build a kitchen that is efficient for the homemaker with limited mobility