Landsat imagery evidences great recent land cover changes induced by wild fires in central Siberia

The article discusses the methods of satellite image classification to determine general types of forest ecosystems, as well as the long-term monitoring of ecosystems changes using satellite imagery of medium spatial resolution and the daily data of space monitoring of active fires. The area of interest of this work is 100 km footprint of the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO), located near the Zotino settlement, Krasnoyarsk region. The study area is located in the middle taiga subzone of Western Siberia, are presented by the left and right banks of the Yenisei river. For Landsat satellite imagery supervised classification by the maximum likelihood method was made using ground-based studies over the last fifteen years. The results are the identification of the 10 aggregated classes of land surface and composition of the study area thematic map. Operational satellite monitoring and analysis of spatial information about ecosystem in the 100-kilometer footprint of the ZOTTO tall tower allows to monitor the dynamics of forest disturbance by fire and logging over a long time period and to estimate changes in forest ecosystems of the study area. Data on the number and area of fires detected in the study region for the 2000-2014 received in the work. Calculations show that active fires have burned more than a quarter of the footprint area over the study period. Fires have a significant impact on the redistribution of classes of land surface. Area of all types of vegetation ecosystems declined dramatically under the influence of fires, whereas industrial logging does not impact seriously on it. The results obtained in our work indicate the highest occurrence of fires for lichen forest types within study region, probably due to their high natural fire danger, which is consistent with other studies. The least damage the fire caused to the wetland ecosystem due to high content of moisture and the presence of a large number of fire breaks in the form of open water

Time category in English and German language world views through mataphor translation analysis in "Momo" by M. Ende

This paper is devoted to the linguistic analysis o f the time metaphors translation based on the novel of the 20th century German writer. There presented groups of metaphors most occurring in the work and characterizing the author's view on time category. A number of characteristic features which time possesses in the representation of native English and German language speakers is listed her

Patterns of Bioelectrical Brain Activity of Stroke Patients after Using Neurofeedback in the Rehabilitation Process

Background: Stroke patients develop the ability to perform higher levels of functional activity on basis of concentrated rehabilitative training which affects sensory, motor and cognitive functions. Objective: The main aim of our work was to show the usefullness of neurofeedback therapy in rehabilitation of stroke patients. Design: 27 stroke patients with severe disabilitis were included in the pilot study (men aged 32 to 68 years, mean age 52.4 ± 3.29 years, median 57 years). They all underwent complex study of brain bioelectrical activity EEG and 15 trainings of neurofeedback. Results: By the end of the rehabilitation (after 17 sessions) recollection of psychotrauma led to an increase in the power of the alpha rhythm in both left and right hemispheres. Atthe endpoint of the study differences in the power of the alpha rhythm in the left hemisphere were 1.47 times greater, and in the right hemisphere, 1.95 times greater than at the first visit. The regress of theta rhythm (1.25 times in the left, 1.11 times in the right hemisphere) decreased considerable, which affected the alpha / thetaratio - decreased 1.04 times in the left, 1.18 times in the right hemisphere, and also the coefficient (alpha + theta) / beta - decreased 1.17 times in the left and 1.21 times in the right. Differences in the saturation of blood vessels index at the last visit were 1.69 times greater than at the first visit. Neurophysiological changes correlated with an improvement in the emotional shpere. By the time of discharge, the indicators on the Beck depression scale decreased by 1.4 times, on the Spielberger-Khanin scale, situational anxiety decreased by 1.63 times, personal anxiety - by 1.4 times; regression of indicators in the hospital scale of anxiety and depression (HADS) was observed in 1.89 times. Conclusion: The data presented indicate that the use of the neurofeedbackmethod leads to a reduction of anxiety-depressive disorders, which positively affects the usefulness of combine rehabilitation. Keywords: stroke, neurofeedback, electroencephalogram, alpha rhythm, rehabilitation

Analysis of variance of passenger traffic of Ekaterinburg on example of the Yekaterinburg municipal unitary enterprise "Tram and trolleybus management"

Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию влияния различных факторов на пассажиропоток городского электротранспорта г. Екатеринбурга на примере ЕМУП «Трамвайно-троллейбусное управление». Разработано программное приложение для проведения однофакторного дисперсионного анализа пассажиропотока. Проведена аналитическая обработка статистических данных за пятилетний срок действия электронной оплаты проезда в г. Екатеринбурге.This article investigates the impact of various factors on passenger traffic urban electric transport in Ekaterinburg on the example of the Yekaterinburg municipal unitary enterprise "Tram and trolleybus management". Developed software application to perform a univariate analysis of variance of passenger traffic. Analytical processing of statistical data for the five-year validity of the electronic fare collection in Ekaterinburg

Growth and age of the roughhead grenadier Macrourus berglax in waters off Southwest Greenland

Data on the age and growth of the roughhead grenadier Macrourus berglax from waters off Southwest Greenland have been obtained based on the analysis of otoliths. Specimens with a preanal length of 5−39 cm, a weight of 7−5275 g, and age from 2 to 22 years are recorded in trawl catches. Roughhead grenadier exhibits a similar rate of linear growth in waters off Southwest Greenland and other parts of the range in the Northwest Atlantic. No considerable differences from the rate of the linear growth calculated earlier from scales for the species in waters off West Greenland have been found. In the recent period, the rate of weight gain in roughhead grenadier in waters off Southwest Greenland has been lower than in the Northwest Atlantic in the first half of the 1980s. The age of mass maturation in males (7–9 years) and females (16–17 years) in waters off West and East Greenland is somewhat higher than in coastal waters of Norway and the Northwest Atlantic

69. Variants of preoperative thermoradiotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer patients

To improve treatment results of locally advanced breast cancer 60 patients with T3-4N1-2M0 TNM stage were undergone complex treatment at the Dept. of Radiotherapy of the CRC. The treatment complex included: radio- or thermoradiotherapy and polychemiohormone-therapy. All patients were subdivided into 3 groups. The first group of 20 patients received radiotherapy only, the second one (18 patients) – thermoradiotherapy, and the third group of 22 patients – thermoradoitherapy plus additional local irradiation of the primary and/or big lymphnode metastases. Radiotherapy was with 2 Gy fractions 5 times per week to the primary tumor and lymphcollectors. Total dose was 40–50 Gy. Results of the therapy were evaluated after 3–4 weeks and the patients were received a surgery. The second group of the patients received local hypertherima after 2 weeks of conventional treatment. Primary tumor and big metastatic nodes were heated. Hyperthermia was performed 2 times per week, with duration of 60 minutes, 3 hours after irradiation. Temperature in tumor was 43–45 C. In the third group of patients additional boost to tumor and/or big metastatic nodes was performed with 2 Gy fractions. Total doses were the same as in first and second group, local tumor dose was 64–72 Gy. Complete or partial regression was more frequently registered in first and second group (39%, 62% respectively). In first group rate was 2%. Rate of postirradiation pathomorphosis of 3–4 grade was 35% in first group, 50% in second, 66% in third group. This data shows improvement of nearest treatment results

Age and growth of blue Antimora Antimora rostrata (Moridae) in Southwestern Greenland waters

The results of determination of age and study on growth of blue antimora Antimora rostrata from the waters of Southwestern Greenland are presented. The results are based on the analysis of 200 fish otoliths. In the catches, we found specimens of antimora with total lengths of 18−70 cm, body weights of 23−2731 g, at the age of 7−38 years. Minimal age of males (not considering juvenile individuals) was 10 years at body length of 27−33 cm; maximal age was 18 years at 42 cm. Minimal age of females was 9 years at length of 21–27 cm; maximal age was 38 years at 70 cm. The rate of linear growth in blue antimora from Southwestern Greenland waters is comparable to that in the fish from New Zealand and Ross Sea waters but considerably lower than indicated earlier for fish from the waters of Iceland, Greenland, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The age of reaching sexual maturity in males and females is preliminary determined as 15 and 19−20 years, respectively

Institutional analysis of the regulatory and legal framework for financial reporting control in Russia

The study contains the main approaches to the determination of various institutions affecting Russian accounting from the standpoint of their formal and informal types. In modern conditions, the economic actions of a subject must be matched to external factors that determine the correctness of economic decision-making, as well as consistency and the development of correct patterns and behavior algorithms that are most effective for each specific situation. Through the institutional analysis, the authors have identified several inconsistencies in the regulatory framework of related institutions and suggested ways to eliminate these disparities. Inter-institutional discrepancies have been found between law and accounting institutions, indicating non-compliance in the accounting practice of the substance over form principle, between recognition in the bookkeeping and tax accounting of the transfer of assets and liabilities ownership, as well as differences in the recording of investment real estate in the financial statements according to IFRS institutions and Russian national standards.peer-reviewe