13 research outputs found
Towards automated restructuring of object oriented systems
The work introduces a method for diagnosing design flaws in object oriented systems, and finding meaningful refactorings to remove such flaws. The method is based on pairing up a structural pattern that is considered pathological (e.g. a code smell or anti-pattern) with a so called design context. The design context describes the design semantics associated to the pathological structure, and the desired strategic closure for that fragment. The process is tool supported and largely automated
When East Meets West: International Change and Its Effects on Domestic Cultural Institutions
Domestic governments increasingly face the pressure to follow policy developments occurring at the international or supranational level. Yet international laws and policies need to be âtranslatedâ to suit domestic political institutions and newly adopted policies may challenge or contradict preexisting domestic policies, institutions, and interests. To explore the domestic impact of international institutional developments, we studied the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage and its adoption in four countries (Japan, China, France, and Germany). Using historical institutionalism, this comparative case study sheds light on the effects of the Convention on cultural governance systems in two supposedly different âcampsâ within the UNESCO: the East and the West. The study argues that it is the interaction and entangled relationship of exogenous and endogenous factors over time, particularly the timing and sequence in which they constrain and facilitate change, which shape actorsâ preferences and institutional development at both levels
Les gouverneurs locaux dans le Japon dâaprĂšs-1945 : une approche socio-historique
Le gouverneur japonais (chiji) est lâexĂ©cutif en chef du dĂ©partement, la plus grande division administrative au Japon. Conçue pendant l'Ăšre Meiji comme l'un des principaux outils du contrĂŽle central sur le Japon local, cette fonction a Ă©tĂ© radicalement modifiĂ©e aprĂšs l'introduction de l'Ă©lection au suffrage universel direct comme nouveau mode de dĂ©signation par les forces dâOccupation dans la pĂ©riode de l'aprĂšs-guerre. A la connexion entre le niveau national et local, et lĂ©gitimĂ© par le suffrage populaire, le gouverneur est dotĂ© de larges pouvoirs dans le systĂšme de gouvernement local japonais. Ces conditions ont permis de renforcer le leadership politique dâun gouverneur muni d'une forte autoritĂ© sur le dĂ©partement, tout en Ă©tant en contact direct avec le gouvernement central, en tant quâexĂ©cutif en chef de la plus haute division locale du Japon. De nombreuses caractĂ©ristiques de la fonction (le succĂšs Ă©lectoral des bureaucrates et la relation particuliĂšre avec les partis politiques notamment) sont toutefois les rĂ©sultats dâun phĂ©nomĂšne de « dĂ©pendance au sentier » (path-dependence), peu Ă peu remodelĂ©es sous lâeffet des frictions produites par les rĂ©formes dĂ©centralisatrices de la pĂ©riode de l'Occupation dans un cadre encore largement centralisateur.Sur la base de travaux de recherche Ă la fois quantitatifs et qualitatifs, cette Ă©tude analyse la transformation de la fonction de gouverneur au cours de l'aprĂšs-guerre d'une position bureaucratique Ă une charge politique, ses Ă©volutions et les consĂ©quences de celles-ci sur la politique japonaise au niveau local et national.The Japanese governor (chiji) is the executive head of the prefecture, the largest administrative division in Japan. Conceived during the Meiji as one of the main tools of the central control on local Japan, this position was been radically modified after the introduction of direct election by the Allied Occupation authority in the post-war period. At the connection between the national and local level, and legitimized by public election, the governor is endowed with substantial powers in the Japanese local government system. These conditions have strengthened the capacity of local leadership of the governor provided with a strong authority over the prefecture. Numerous characteristics of the position, the success of bureaucrats and the particular relation with political parties notably, are however path-dependent elements, gradually reshaped by the frictions produced by the reforms of the Occupation period. Based on both quantitative and qualitative research works, this study analyses the transformation of the post-war governorship from a bureaucratic position to a political office, its evolution and its consequences on Japanese politics at both local and national level
Prefectural Governors and Populism in Japan (1990s-2010s)
Populism has become a recurring issue in Japanese politics, particularly at the local level. In a time of general discontent with traditional politics and politicians, the prefectural governor, chief executive of the larger local government body and elected by popular suffrage, occupies a political office which seems to offer large opportunities for populist behaviors. In the past two decades, various governors have been labeled with the term âpopulistâ for political styles built on appeals to the people and the use of mass media. However, the diversity and continuous increase in the number of such situations may, , albeit sometimes in an extreme, deformed way, indicate the emergence of a new kind of democracy in Japan
Seminar #11 - February 10 (Friday), 2023: A. Klein "Religion and Politics in Contemporary Japan"
(French version below) We are happy to announce the next session of our seminar! Axel Klein (University of Duisburg-Essen) will be giving a talk titled: âReligion and Politics in Contemporary Japanâ Date, Time: February 10th (Friday), 10:00-12:00 (CEST, UTC/GMT +1:00) / 18:00-20:00 (JST). The seminar poster (PDF file): GEPJ Seminar (Klein) You are all cordially invited to this event. The seminar will take place online via Zoom. Registration Form : https://forms.gle/piLfMDHLj8HvY5f9A We look..
Video Recording â Seminar #5 (2022/03/31): H. Jentzsch âHarvesting State Support: Japanâs Agriculture in Transitionâ
You can finally watch the video recording of our March seminar! Hanno Jentzsch (University of Vienna), âHarvesting State Support: Japanâs Agriculture in Transitionâ https://archive.org/details/gepj-seminar-harvesting-state-support-hanno-jentzsch Many thanks to Hanno Jentzsch and all participants for this wonderful session! Hanno's book :Â https://utorontopress.com/9781487508548/harvesting-state-support
Nicolas Baumert, Sylvie Guichard-Anguis (dir.), « Désastres et alimentation : le défi japonais », Géographie et cultures, n° 86, 2013
Le 11 mars 2011, le Japon Ă©tait victime dâune triple catastrophe, un violent tremblement de terre, un puissant tsunami et un accident nuclĂ©aire majeur, entrainant la mort de prĂšs de 20 000 personnes et dĂ©vastant une large partie du nord-est du pays. Outre les destructions matĂ©rielles et les souffrances humaines survenues ce jour-lĂ , cette catastrophe a aussi crĂ©Ă©, Ă travers la contamination radioactive, une situation particuliĂšrement sensible au regard des questions alimentaires. Que ce soit ..
Protecting the Weak? Tracing UNESCOâs Influence on Intangible Cultural Heritage Regimes in Japan and China
The chapter examines whether the UNESCO has provided Japanese and Chinese state and society with new opportunities to use the notion of âintangible cultural heritageâ (ICH) to mobilise domestically for the protection of traditional culture. Through a qualitative analysis of government documents, newspaper articles and interviews, Maags and Trifu comparatively retrace the dynamics of the framing, mobilisation and institutionalisation processes behind the protection of one âclassicalâ, one minority-related, and one culinary ICH practice in Japan and China. They find that although the UNESCO ICH convention has provided state and non-state actors the opportunity to reframe existing notions of traditional culture for the sake of mobilising support and institutionalising ICH safeguarding, it has failed to alter the conception which prevails in both countries that the protection of intangible heritage is an elite pursuit. The ICH concept is appropriated to serve the interests of certain socio-political actors and previously existing institutional frameworks. As these elites foster the safeguarding of âoutstandingâ examples of national culture for domestic and international display, the chapter asks to what extent the UNESCO Convention is in fact protecting âweakâ culture in these countries