Effect of the green-emitting CaF2:Ce3+,Tb3+ phosphor particles’ size on color rendering index and color quality scale of the in-cup packaging multichip white LEDs

In this paper, we investigate the effect of the green-emitting CaF2:Ce (3+), Tb (3+) phosphor particle's size on the color rendering index (CRI) and the color quality scale (CQS) of the in-cup packaging multichip white LEDs (MCW-LEDs). For this purpose, 7000K and 8500K in-cup packaging MCW-LEDs is simulated by the commercial software Light Tools. Moreover, scattering process in the phosphor layers is investigated by using Mie Theory with Mat Lab software. Finally, the research results show that the green-emitting CaF2: Ce (3+), Tb (3+) phosphor's size crucially influences on the CRI and CQS. From that point of view, CaF2: Ce (3+), Tb (3+) can be proposed as a potential practical direction for manufacturing the in-cup packaging phosphor WLEDs.Web of Science13235134

Sr2Si5N8:Eu2+ phosphor: a novel recommendation for improving the lighting performance of the 7000 K remote-packaging white LEDs

In the last few years, white LED lamps (WLEDs) have been popularly used in general lighting because of some excellent properties, such as fast response time, environment friendliness, small size, long lifetime, and high efficiency. In this research, we propose a novel recommendation for improving the lighting performance (in terms of the colour rending index, colour quality scale, and luminous efficiency) of the 7000 K remote-packaging WLEDs by adding the red-emitting Sr2Si5N8:Eu2+ phosphor to the yellow-emitting YAG:Ce phosphor compound. In the first stage, we use MATLAB to investigate the light scattering process based on Mie Theory. After that, we use the Light Tool software to simulate and demonstrate this process. Finally, the simulation results are verified with analytical analysis, which clearly shows that the lighting performance of the 7000 K remote-packaging WLEDs significantly depended on the Sr2Si5N8:Eu2+ concentration. The results provided a potential practical solution for manufacturing remote phosphor WLEDs in the near future.Web of Science67434133

Co-doping green-emitting CaF2:Ce3+,Tb3+ and yellow-emitting phosphor particles for improving the cct deviation and luminous efficacy of the in-cup phosphor packaging WLEDs

In last few decades, Light emitting diodes (LEDs) with a series of excellence advantages is considered as the next generational light source. In this research, by co-doping the Green-emitting CaF2:Ce3+,Tb3+ phosphor to yellow-emitting YAG: Ce phosphor compound of the 7000K and 8500 K in-cup packaging white LED lamps (WLEDs), an innovative solution for improving color uniformity and luminous efficiency is proposed, investigated, and demonstrated. By using Mie Theory with Mat Lab and Light Tool software, the obtained results show that the CCT Deviation and luminous efficacy of the 7000 K and 8500 K in-cup phosphor packaging WLEDs crucial are influenced by the Green-emitting CaF2:Ce3+,Tb3+ phosphor's concentration. The results show that the green-emitting phosphor can beconsider as a potential practical solution for manufacturing the in-cup packaging phosphor WLEDs in the near future.Web of Science12389889

A Framework of Building and Locational Characteristics Ranking for Purpose-built Offices in Malaysia

The development of purpose-built office market in Malaysia is primarily resolved by a supplydemand market. Since the office market in Malaysia has displayed significance improvement due to increasing level of competitiveness, many characteristics of purpose-built office have appeared and become prominent during the process of assessment. These characteristics were generally used as indicators in property valuation, building performance as well as office market appraisal. Based on these characteristics, property market participants can evaluate their property proficiently based on their requirements, especially in decision making during business planning, investment or property management. Technology growth and national policy also gave contribution factors on revealing newly characteristics of purpose-built office such as green building, intelligent building and sustainable development model. The purpose of this article is to identify suitable characteristics of purpose-built office that can be used in Malaysia. Integral to achieving this objective, exploration on purpose built office characteristics in a global and local context will be reconsidered. As a result, a building and locational framework of purpose-built office’s characteristics in Malaysia will be diagnosed and verified appropriately

Self-reported use of tobacco products in nine rural INDEPTH Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems in Asia

BACKGROUND: Tobacco use is the most preventable cause of premature death and disability. Even though tobacco use is common in many Asian countries, reliable and comparable data on the burden imposed by tobacco use in this region are sparse, and surveillance systems to track trends are in their infancy. OBJECTIVE: To assess and compare the prevalence of tobacco use and its associated factors in nine selected rural sites in five Asian countries. METHODS: Tobacco use among 9,208 men and 9,221 women aged 25-64 years in nine Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) sites in five Asian countries of the INDEPTH Network were examined in 2005 as part of a broader survey of the major chronic non-communicable disease risk factors. All sites used a standardised protocol based on the WHO STEPS approach to risk factor surveillance; expanded questions of local relevance, including chewing tobacco, were also included. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess demographic factors associated with tobacco use. RESULTS: Tobacco use, whether smoked or chewed, was common across all sites with some notable variations. More than 50% of men smoked daily; this applied to almost all age groups. Few women smoked daily in any of the sites. However, women were more likely to chew tobacco than men in all sites except Vadu in India. Tobacco use in men began in late adolescence in most of the sites and the number of cigarettes smoked daily ranged from three to 15. Use of both forms of tobacco, smoked and chewed, was associated with age, gender and education. Men were more likely to smoke compared to women, smoking increased with age in the four sites in Bangladesh but not in other sites and with low level of education in all the sites. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of tobacco use, regardless of the type of tobacco, was high among men in all of these rural populations with tobacco use started during adolescence in all HDSS sites. Innovative communication strategies for behaviour change targeting adolescents in schools and adult men and women at work or at home, may create a mass awareness about adverse health consequences of tobacco smoking or chewing tobacco. Such efforts, to be effective, however, need to be supported by strong legislation and leadership. Only four of the five countries involved in this multi-site study have ratified the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, and even where it has been ratified, implementation is uneven.Supplement: 1</p

A power-splitting relaying protocol for wireless energy harvesting and information processing in NOMA systems

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) along with cooperative communications have been recognized as promising candidates for the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks and have attracted many researchers. Every networked device however has its own limited power supply. To this extent, this paper investigates a power-splitting relaying (PSR) protocol for wireless energy harvesting and information processing in the NOMA systems to prolong the lifetime of the energy-constrained relay nodes in wireless networks so as to avail the ambient radio-frequency (RF) signal as well as to simultaneously harvest the energy and process the information. Decode-and-forward relaying is employed at the relay node where the energy from the received RF signal is harvested and exploited to forward the information to the destination. Specifically, the outage probability and ergodic rate of the PSR protocol are derived to realize the impacts of energy harvesting time, energy harvesting efficiency, power splitting ratio, source data rate, and the distance between nodes. It is also shown that an increased energy harvesting efficiency results in an enhanced performance and an outperformance in terms of the energy efficiency is achieved with the employment of the NOMA when compared to the conventional orthogonal multiple access. Numerical results are provided to verify the findings

Efficacy of Surgical Excision for Nevus Sebaceous - Vietnamese Experience

BACKGROUND: Nevus Sebaceous (NS) is hamartoma predominantly composed of sebaceous glands and is classified as a type of epidermal nevus. In most case, clinical manifestation of NS is typical, so histopathology examination is important only in atypical lesions for its risk of malignancy. Clinical symptoms are plaques or papules (100%), appearing in the head area (100%) with smooth surface (65.8%), usually with hair loss (60.7%). The histopathology is mostly characterized by the image of sebaceous gland hyperplasia (100%), no hair follicles (60.7%) or immature follicles (14.3%). AIM: The aim of our study is describing clinical and histopathological manifestation, make diagnosis and evaluate the best therapy. METHODS: Our study recruited 38 patients with NS, 3 patients (7.9%) with atypical aspects. All patients were treated by surgical excision. RESULTS: Complications as hair loss and infections were reported in 36.8% patients. No patients had recurrence after one year of treatment. CONCLUSION: Based upon our experience, surgery is cheap, simple, associated with high aesthetics effectiveness and low recurrence rate, proposing as the first choice for treatment of NS

Заболевания щитовидной железы. Диффузный токсический зоб

ЗОБ ДИФФУЗНЫЙ ТОКСИЧЕСКИЙЩИТОВИДНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ БОЛЕЗН

Viral Etiology of Encephalitis in Children in Southern Vietnam: Results of a One-Year Prospective Descriptive Study

Viral encephalitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality in Vietnam. However little is known about the causes of the disease due to a lack of diagnostic facilities in this relatively resource-poor setting. Knowledge about the etiologies and clinical outcome of viral encephalitis is necessary for future design of intervention studies targeted at improvement of clinical management, treatment and prevention of the disease. We report the viral agents, clinical outcome and prognostic factors of mortality of encephalitis in children admitted to a referral hospital for children in southern Vietnam. We show that about one third of the enrolled patients die acutely, and that mortality is independently associated with patient age and Glasgow Coma Scale on admission. Japanese encephalitis, dengue virus and enterovirus (including enterovirus 71) are the major viruses detected in our patients. However, more than half of the patients remain undiagnosed, while mortality in this group is as high as in the diagnosed group. This study will benefit clinicians and public health in terms of clinical management and prevention of childhood encephalitis in Vietnam