Sobre el uso y abuso de los conceptos de Deleuze y Guattari en la filosofía de Bernard Stiegler

In my view, Bernard Stiegler continues Félix Guattari’s exploration of the post-media era ushered in by the digital revolution. In his way, Stiegler focuses on the psychological and societal effects of this revolution, such as attention deficit disorder and intelligence decline, which could not be fully anticipated by Guattari. Stiegler’s philosophy updates Deleuze and Guattari’s work on voluntary servitude and by combining his concepts with Deleuze and Guattari’s, he contributes a new form of post-media thought in the Anthropocene, challenging nihilistic interpretations. Guattari’s three ecologies thesis is relevant to Stiegler’s philosophy but he rejects the “resistance” and advocates invention and the creation of therapeutic tools, proffering the concept of bifurcation in the context of the Anthropocene, as a new concept of transformation. Stiegler’s work also contributes to updating Deleuze’s Marxism, reapplying concepts such as proletarianization, immaterial labor, the culture industry, and the critique of marketing in the era of computational capitalism, and his work prompts a reassessment of reason in the face of calculation's dominance in a post-truth age. All in all, Stiegler's philosophy is consistent with the immanent, atheist, and this-worldly perspective of Deleuze and Guattari.En mi opinión, Bernard Stiegler continúa la exploración de Félix Guattari de la era postmediática iniciada por la revolución digital. A su manera, Stiegler se centra en los efectos psicológicos y sociales de esta revolución, como el trastorno por déficit de atención y el declive de la inteligencia, que Guattari no pudo anticipar del todo. La filosofía de Stiegler actualiza la obra de Deleuze y Guattari sobre la servidumbre voluntaria y, al combinar sus conceptos con los de Deleuze y Guattari, aporta una nueva forma de pensamiento postmediático en el Antropoceno, desafiando las interpretaciones nihilistas. La tesis de las tres ecologías de Guattari es relevante para la filosofía de Stiegler, pero éste rechaza la “resistencia” y aboga por la invención y la creación de herramientas terapéuticas, proponiendo el concepto de bifurcación en el contexto del Antropoceno, como un nuevo concepto de transformación. La obra de Stiegler también contribuye a actualizar el marxismo de Deleuze, reaplicando conceptos como la proletarización, el trabajo inmaterial, la industria cultural y la crítica del marketing en la era del capitalismo computacional, y su obra suscita una reevaluación de la razón frente al dominio del cálculo en una era de posverdad. En definitiva, la filosofía de Stiegler es coherente con la perspectiva inmanente, atea y de este mundo de Deleuze y Guattari

Sobre el uso y abuso de los conceptos de Deleuze y Guattari en la filosofía de Bernard Stiegler

In my view, Bernard Stiegler continues Félix Guattari’s exploration of the post-media era ushered in by the digital revolution. In his way, Stiegler focuses on the psychological and societal effects of this revolution, such as attention deficit disorder and intelligence decline, which could not be fully anticipated by Guattari. Stiegler’s philosophy updates Deleuze and Guattari’s work on voluntary servitude and by combining his concepts with Deleuze and Guattari’s, he contributes a new form of post-media thought in the Anthropocene, challenging nihilistic interpretations. Guattari’s three ecologies thesis is relevant to Stiegler’s philosophy but he rejects the “resistance” and advocates invention and the creation of therapeutic tools, proffering the concept of bifurcation in the context of the Anthropocene, as a new concept of transformation. Stiegler’s work also contributes to updating Deleuze’s Marxism, reapplying concepts such as proletarianization, immaterial labor, the culture industry, and the critique of marketing in the era of computational capitalism, and his work prompts a reassessment of reason in the face of calculation's dominance in a post-truth age. All in all, Stiegler's philosophy is consistent with the immanent, atheist, and this-worldly perspective of Deleuze and Guattari.En mi opinión, Bernard Stiegler continúa la exploración de Félix Guattari de la era postmediática iniciada por la revolución digital. A su manera, Stiegler se centra en los efectos psicológicos y sociales de esta revolución, como el trastorno por déficit de atención y el declive de la inteligencia, que Guattari no pudo anticipar del todo. La filosofía de Stiegler actualiza la obra de Deleuze y Guattari sobre la servidumbre voluntaria y, al combinar sus conceptos con los de Deleuze y Guattari, aporta una nueva forma de pensamiento postmediático en el Antropoceno, desafiando las interpretaciones nihilistas. La tesis de las tres ecologías de Guattari es relevante para la filosofía de Stiegler, pero éste rechaza la “resistencia” y aboga por la invención y la creación de herramientas terapéuticas, proponiendo el concepto de bifurcación en el contexto del Antropoceno, como un nuevo concepto de transformación. La obra de Stiegler también contribuye a actualizar el marxismo de Deleuze, reaplicando conceptos como la proletarización, el trabajo inmaterial, la industria cultural y la crítica del marketing en la era del capitalismo computacional, y su obra suscita una reevaluación de la razón frente al dominio del cálculo en una era de posverdad. En definitiva, la filosofía de Stiegler es coherente con la perspectiva inmanente, atea y de este mundo de Deleuze y Guattari

Dynamics of Prolyl hydroxylases levels during disease progression in experimental colitis

Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitors are shown to be protective in several models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, these non-selective inhibitors are known to inhibit all the three isoforms of PHD, i.e. PHD-1, PHD-2 and PHD-3. In the present report, we investigated the associated changes in levels of PHDs during the development and recovery of chemically induced colitis in mice. The results indicated that in the experimental model of murine colitis, levels of both, PHD-1 and PHD-2 were found to be increased with the progression of the disease; however, the level of PHD-3 remained the same in group of healthy controls and mice with colitis. Thus, the findings advocated that inhibitors, which inhibited all three isoforms of PHD could not be ideal therapeutics for IBD since PHD-3 is required for normal gut function. Hence, this necessitates the development of new compounds capable of selectively inhibiting PHD-1 and PHD-2 for effective treatment of IBD

Albumin Nano-Encapsulation of Piceatannol Enhances Its Anticancer Potential in Colon Cancer Via Downregulation of Nuclear p65 and HIF-1 alpha

Piceatannol (PIC) is known to have anticancer activity, which has been attributed to its ability to block the proliferation of cancer cells via suppression of the NF-kB signaling pathway. However, its effect on hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is not well known in cancer. In this study, PIC was loaded into bovine serum albumin (BSA) by desolvation method as PIC-BSA nanoparticles (NPs). These PIC-BSA nanoparticles were assessed for in vitro cytotoxicity, migration, invasion, and colony formation studies and levels of p65 and HIF-1α. Our results indicate that PIC-BSA NPs were more effective in downregulating the expression of nuclear p65 and HIF-1α in colon cancer cells as compared to free PIC. We also observed a significant reduction in inflammation induced by chemical colitis in mice by PIC-BSA NPs. Furthermore, a significant reduction in tumor size and number of colon tumors was also observed in the murine model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer, when treated with PIC-BSA NPs as compared to free PIC. The overall results indicate that PIC, when formulated as PIC-BSA NPs, enhances its therpautice potential. Our work could prompt further research in using natural anticancer agents as nanoparticels with possiable human clinical trails. This could lead to the development of a new line of safe and effective therapeutics for cancer patients

Mutation analysis of the NSD1 gene in patients with autism spectrum disorders and macrocephaly

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Sotos syndrome is an overgrowth syndrome characterized by macrocephaly, advanced bone age, characteristic facial features, and learning disabilities, caused by mutations or deletions of the <it>NSD1 </it>gene, located at 5q35. Sotos syndrome has been described in a number of patients with autism spectrum disorders, suggesting that <it>NSD1 </it>could be involved in other cases of autism and macrocephaly.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We screened the <it>NSD1 </it>gene for mutations and deletions in 88 patients with autism spectrum disorders and macrocephaly (head circumference 2 standard deviations or more above the mean). Mutation analysis was performed by direct sequencing of all exons and flanking regions. Dosage analysis of <it>NSD1 </it>was carried out using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We identified three missense variants (R604L, S822C and E1499G) in one patient each, but none is within a functional domain. In addition, segregation analysis showed that all variants were inherited from healthy parents and in two cases were also present in unaffected siblings, indicating that they are probably nonpathogenic. No partial or whole gene deletions/duplications were observed.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our findings suggest that Sotos syndrome is a rare cause of autism spectrum disorders and that screening for <it>NSD1 </it>mutations and deletions in patients with autism and macrocephaly is not warranted in the absence of other features of Sotos syndrome.</p

Correction: Aljabali, A.A.A.; et al. Albumin Nano-Encapsulation of Piceatannol Enhances Its Anticancer Potential in Colon Cancer via down Regulation of Nuclear p65 and HIF-1α. Cancers 2020, 12, 113

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Sights and insights: Vocational outdoor students’ learning

Outdoor leader and adventure sport education in the United Kingdom has been characterized by an over-emphasis on technical skills at the expense of equally important, but often marginalized intra- and inter-personal skills necessary for contemporary outdoor employment. This study examined the lived experience of vocational outdoor students in order, firstly, to identify what was learned about the workplace through using reflective practice and, secondly, what was learned about reflective practice through this experience. The study used a purposive sample of students (n=15) who were invited to maintain reflective journals during summer work experience, and this was followed up with semi-structured interviews. Manual Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) revealed that in the workplace setting students used reflective practice to understand and develop technical proficiency, support awareness of the value of theory, and acted as a platform to express emergent concepts of ‘professionalism’. Lessons about reflective practice emphasized its value in social settings, acknowledging different ways of reflection, and understanding and managing professional life beyond graduation

Behavioral Profiles of Affected and Unaffected Siblings of Children with Autism: Contribution of Measures of Mother–Infant Interaction and Nonverbal Communication

We investigated whether deficits in social gaze and affect and in joint attention behaviors are evident within the first year of life among siblings of children with autism who go on to be diagnosed with autism or ASD (ASD) and siblings who are non-diagnosed (NoASD-sib) compared to low-risk controls. The ASD group did not differ from the other two groups at 6 months of age in the frequency of gaze, smiles, and vocalizations directed toward the caregiver, nor in their sensitivity to her withdrawal from interaction. However, by 12 months, infants in the ASD group exhibited lower rates of joint attention and requesting behaviors. In contrast, NoASD-sibs did not differ from comparison infants on any variables of interest at 6 and 12 months