Carbon Price Evaluation in Power Systems for Flaring Mitigation

This work aims to study the effect of greenhouse gases monetization to promote the reduction of flare gas. We propose to design a cogeneration system that uses natural gas as main fuel and flare gas as complementary fuel. A multi-objective nonlinear programming model is presented to determine the optimal design variables of the cogeneration system. This model maximizes the profit and minimizes the carbon dioxide equivalent simultaneously. The key factor to minimize carbon dioxide emissions is the replacement of natural gas with flare gas. Three different cases, which consider different methods to sponsor flare gas, are compared. The first case seeks to maximize the profit with trading carbon emissions. The second case also looks for maximizing the profit, however, carbon dioxide emissions are penalized by carbon taxes. In the third case, a multi-objective optimization approach based on a compromise solution that balances conflicting priorities on multiple objectives is presented. Results show that these two policy schemes work with some limitations to decrease carbon dioxide emissions. On the other hand, when the approach based on a compromise solution is used, the results show, at the same time, environmental and economic benefits

Data set of "Long-Term Energy Transition Planning: Integrating Battery System Degradation and Replacement for Sustainable Power Systems"

Data set of the paper "Long-Term Energy Transition Planning: Integrating Battery System Degradation and Replacement for Sustainable Power Systems".This data includes the CSV files used to solve the case study. Including Electricity demand, Capacity of power plants, and variable renewable energy capacity factors.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

Optimal Design of Cogeneration Systems Based on Flaring and Venting Streams and Accounting for the Involved Uncertainty

This work presents an optimization approach to design cogeneration systems able to use flare streams as supplementary fuel during normal and abnormal operation in oil complexes, while the problems associated with flaring are mitigated. A MINLP model is proposed to sizing and designing the cogeneration system that maximizes the net profit and minimizes the greenhouse gas emissions of the system accounting for the uncertain variables associated with abnormal situations and flare streams like flow, frequency, flaring gas quality, and volatility price. This paper proposes a solution approach that enables to determine cumulative probability curves to give to decision makers a useful tool to know the financial risk related to the implementation of the proposed system, and the results show that the proposed system is a suitable option to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and to decrease the operating costs. 1 2017 Elsevier B.V.Scopu

Optimal Design of Cogeneration Systems to Use Uncertain Flare Streams

An optimization approach is proposed for managing flares from multiple plants. The aim of the proposed approach is to utilize flared gas during an abnormal situation to produce combined heat and power while reducing the environmental impact associated with emitting greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere. A mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is proposed to determine the optimal size of equipment for the cogeneration system. The model takes into account the uncertainty associated with the price volatility of external fuels and the characteristics of flare streams including the Wobbe Index. Starting from historical data, several scenarios are randomly generated to emulate variations in the uncertain variables with several levels of risk. A case study is presented to show the applicability of the proposed system. The results show economic and environmental benefits emanating from reductions in operating cost and GHGs emissions. (Figure Presented).Scopu

Optimal Design of Multiplant Cogeneration Systems with Uncertain Flaring and Venting

This paper presents an optimization approach for designing cogeneration systems using flares and vents under abnormal conditions from different industrial plants. The aim of the proposed approach is to enhance resource conservation by utilizing waste flares and vents to produce power and heat while reducing the negative environmental impact associated with discharging these streams into the atmosphere. A nonlinear optimization model is proposed to determine the optimal design of the cogeneration system that maximizes the net profit of the system. The model addresses the inevitable uncertainties associated with the abnormal situations leading to venting and flaring. A random generations approach based on historical data and a computationally efficient algorithm are introduced to facilitate design under uncertainty and to enable the assessment of different scenarios and solutions with various levels of risk. A case study is presented to show the applicability of the proposed model and the feasibility of using cogeneration systems to mitigate flaring and venting and to reduce the environmental impact and operating costsScopu

Effective Use of Carbon Pricing on Climate Change Mitigation Projects: Analysis of the Biogas Supply Chain to Substitute Liquefied-Petroleum Gas in Mexico

There is presently an urgent demand for efficient and/or renewable energy technologies to correct global warming. However, these energy technologies are limited mainly by political and economic constraints of high costs and the lack of subsidy. Carbon-pricing strategies, such as carbon-emission taxes and carbon-emission trading schemes, may reduce this gap between sustainable and unsustainable energy technologies. Therefore, this paper seeks to analyze both of these carbon-pricing instruments in the Mexican energy sector to promote upgrading biogas investment and to substitute liquified petroleum gas consumption using an optimization approach. Furthermore, we propose a multi-objective optimization approach to encourage investment in the biogas supply chain supported by an effective use of carbon-pricing schemes. A case study of the central western region of Mexico was made to analyze the performance of the proposed methodologies. The results show that carbon-emission taxes and carbon-emission trading systems stimulate, with some limitations, the investment in biogas projects for fossil fuel substitution. Nevertheless, using the proposed multi-objective optimization formulation leads the discovery of a more efficient use of the above-mentioned carbon-pricing schemes, thus reaching higher economic and environmental benefits than traditional carbon-pricing policies, with a lower cost/price per ton of carbon dioxide equivalent

Optimal Synthesis of Refinery Property-Based Water Networks with Electrocoagulation Treatment Systems

This paper presents an optimization approach to the incorporation of electrocoagulation in the design of integrated water networks for oil refineries. A disjunctive programming formulation is developed to minimize the cost of the water-management system while including the characteristics of process water streams, recycle, reuse, and treatment of wastewater streams, performance of candidate technologies, and composition and property constraints for the process units and the environmental discharges. The performance of electrocoagulation was related to temperature pH and the concentration of phenols and sodium chloride. Ancillary units including pH adjustment, reverse osmosis, and heat exchangers were used to support the electrocoagulation unit. Two case studies are presented to show the applicability of the proposed model and the feasibility of using electrocoagulation as part of an integrated water management scheme for oil refineries