Saturated Critical Heat Flux in a Multi-Microchannel Heat Sink Fed by a Split Flow System

An extensive experimental campaign has been carried out for the measurement of saturated critical heat flux in a multi-microchannel copper heat sink. The heat sink was formed by 29 parallel channels that were 199 μm wide and 756 μm deep. In order to increase the critical heat flux and reduce the two-phase pressure drop, a split flow system was implemented with one central inlet at the middle of the channels and two outlets at either end. The base critical heat flux was measured using three HFC Refrigerants (R134a, R236fa and R245fa) for mass fluxes ranging from 250 to 1500 kg/m2 s, inlet subcoolings from −25 to −5 K and saturation temperatures from 20 to 50 °C. The parametric effects of mass velocity, saturation temperature and inlet subcooling were investigated. The analysis showed that significantly higher CHF was obtainable with the split flow system (one inlet–two outlets) compared to the single inlet–single outlet system, providing also a much lower pressure drop. Notably several existing predictive methods matched the experimental data quite well and quantitatively predicted the benefit of higher CHF of the split flow

Protocols and strategies to use emergency psychology in the face of an emergency: A systematic review

Background: Trauma survivors are at a high risk of developing mental health problems. Hence, mental help in the form of emergency psychology has to be availed in the aftermath of a traumatizing event. When studied in-depth, emergency psychology comprises protocols, strategies, and techniques that establish it as an interventional activity. Objective: The main of this review is to analyze how emergency psychology services are provided to people, to verify to what extent these interventions are homogeneous in the delivery methods and consequently, facilitate the creation of relevant measures. Consequently, the general view of emergency psychology is reviewed and analyzed to identify the protocols, guidelines, and strategies used. Methods: A search was done on the ScienceDirect, APA PsycINFO, Emerald, and Scopus databases for articles published from 1st January 2017 to 1st April 2022. The reference lists of the identified studies were also screened. Results: After the non-duplicate articles were removed and after filtering the articles according to inclusion criteria, 20 articles were included for the thematic analysis: nine research articles, 10 case study reports, and one randomized controlled trial (RCT). During the analysis, different aspects of emergency psychology were categorized: Responders, Crisis Management and Structure, and types of psychological interventions. This categorization led to the identification of protocols, guidelines, and strategies that can be placed in a sequence to give a general direction of how an emergency psychology intervention is supposed to be carried out. Conclusions: The adopted protocols, guidelines and strategies may vary from one disaster management to another but the main goal will always remain the same

A DIGITAL BRIDGE FOR COLLABORATION IN CULTURAL HERITAGE

Abstract. The importance of history and the role that culture plays on the population is well defined, but we have never researched culture in a truly collective way. Data digitisation and archiving could be transformed into an exceptional tool for connecting all different users and sectors of cultural heritage into a "Global heritage" interaction and communication. The research undertaken is summarised to the development of a crowdsourcing, interdisciplinary platform, under the name "Heritage for People".The paper consists of 6 sections. The first of these concerns a general description of the problem, linked to the risks of cultural heritage. A closer analysis of the risks present in the historic center of Vienna follows. The third paragraph deals with the tools for planning and protecting the cultural heritage of the Austrian capital. The fourth section introduces the "Heritage for People" tool in which a new online platform is outlined. The fifth chapter is instead dedicated to a description of the possible technologies to be used, while the last section illustrates how the proposed platform can have other applications depending on the cultural heritage

Pengaruh Motivasi Hedonis, Browsing dan Gaya Belanja terhadap Pembelian Impulsif pada Toko Online Shop (Studi pada Mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah YOGYAKARTA)

This research aims to identify the influence of hedonic motives browsing shopping lifestyle against the impulse buying on online shop. Information which obtained from the results of this study are able to used as a reference for the businesses Online Shop particular fashion item in determining what are the things that affect the imppulsif buying among consumers. Objects of the research conducted at the University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta last 6 months of purchase criteria. The technique of data collection used purposive sampling, while the method to collect data used survey method with questionnaires as much as 100 respondent. The data were analyzed by using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 21.0 with test includes: Validity and Reliability test.This research result showed that hedonic motives positively and significantly effect on the impulse buying, browsing positively and significantly effect on the impulse buying and shopping style positively and significantly effect on impulse buying

Serious games and eating behaviors: A systematic review of the last 5 years (2018–2022)

Background: Serious game intervention has emerged over the years as a popular strategy for solving the problem of unhealthy eating behavior. This has prompted several scholars to explore its significant impact on eating behaviors, identifying its positive effect on nutritional knowledge and eating behaviors. However, since this research field is yet nascent, an update in knowledge is required to further inform the real-world practice as an alternative intervention for instating healthy eating behavior. Therefore, this current research utilized a systematic review method to reveal the latest state of this concept of a serious game and eating behavior, to identify the position of the literature and shed light on under-researched and emerging areas by recommending future investigations. Method: To achieve the object of this research, four electronic databases- Science Direct, Web of Science (WoS), APA PsyclNFO, and Emerald- were searched using predefined keywords (search string) relating to the review topic. A total of 15,107 results were retrieved from the databases. After title, abstract, and full-text screening, 15 studies were included following inclusion criteria. Key findings: The result of this research demonstrated that various designs of serious games comprise an effective intervention for changing eating behavior in both children and adults and addressed the risks of childhood obesity and overweight. The findings also show that the design of the games is co-designed by different specialists such as a nutritionist, psychologist and developer, among others, as either single or multiple players. The effectiveness of the games was attributed to behavior techniques (BT), cognitive theories (CT), and socio-cognitive theories (SCT) of behavior change technique (BCT), incorporating an element of implicit learning in serious games. Feedback and reward were the most reported influencing strategies and self-reporting the evaluation approach. Conclusion: This research contributed significantly to the body of knowledge in the field of serious games as the most recent review of evidence in the research area. Evidence from 93.33% of the included studies confirmed the effectiveness of serious games in addressing eating behavior. This study concludes that serious games are an effective intervention for improving healthy eating behavior and decreasing unhealthy eating behavior and that various elements of behavior change techniques are essential components of implicit nutritional learning through the games. In addition, it is concluded that the risk of childhood obesity and overweight can be reduced or prevented by leveraging the strength of these games. The need for future research in this field was also pointed out by this study

Relationship between cloud radiative forcing, cloud fraction and cloud albedo, and new surface-based approach for determining cloud albedo

This paper focuses on three interconnected topics: (1) quantitative relationship between surface shortwave cloud radiative forcing, cloud fraction, and cloud albedo; (2) surface-based approach for measuring cloud albedo; (3) multiscale (diurnal, annual and inter-annual) variations and covariations of surface shortwave cloud radiative forcing, cloud fraction, and cloud albedo. An analytical expression is first derived to quantify the relationship between cloud radiative forcing, cloud fraction, and cloud albedo. The analytical expression is then used to deduce a new approach for inferring cloud albedo from concurrent surface-based measurements of downwelling surface shortwave radiation and cloud fraction. High-resolution decade-long data on cloud albedos are obtained by use of this surface-based approach over the US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiaton Measurement (ARM) Program at the Great Southern Plains (SGP) site. The surface-based cloud albedos are further compared against those derived from the coincident GOES satellite measurements. The three long-term (1997–2009) sets of hourly data on shortwave cloud radiative forcing, cloud fraction and cloud albedo collected over the SGP site are analyzed to explore the multiscale (diurnal, annual and inter-annual) variations and covariations. The analytical formulation is useful for diagnosing deficiencies of cloud-radiation parameterizations in climate models

EFFECT OF POURING TEMPERATURE AND DEGASSING ON THE CASTING QUALITY OF Al 6061: EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY

As one of important components of an airplane, body of airplane is required to have high value of strength to weight ratio. In this study, transient heat transfer of Al 6061 in a sand casting process was investigated both experimentally and numerically. The effects of different pouring temperatures (700, 720 and 740 °C) and presence of thin film and H2 inclusions are considered in the present study. Composition, XRD, metallography and tensile strength tests have been carried out to examine the casting product quality, before and after degassing, a process to remove the inclusions from the cast. Correspondingly, heat transfer simulations were carried out by taking into account the variation of pouring temperatures and the presence of inclusions. From the present experimental and numerical study, it was found that: (i) Degassing enhanced significantly the strength of Al 6061 product. The highest tensile strength value has been found to be 64.30 MPa, related to the pouring temperature of 700 °C with degassing, while the lowest one is 35.85 MPa associated with the pouring temperature of 700 °C without degassing. (ii) Pouring temperature did not affect significantly to the strength of Al 6061 product, especially when degassing process was carried out, and (iii) The presence of thin film and hydrogen gas inclusions affected the cooling rate of the metal slab. Overall, the cooling of the metal slab with thin film inclusion became slower, while the cooling of the metal slab with hydrogen gas inclusions became faster

Studi Interaksi Molekul Komponen Minyak Nilam Dengan Reseptor Olfaktori Sebagai Repellent Nyamuk Culex SP Secara in Silico Dan in Vitro

The components of patchouli oil consist of mayor e.g patchouli alcohol and minor component such as patchoulene, α-guaiene, syechellen, and caryophyllene. These compounds are potentially as repellent or attractant against insects. The purpose of this research is to determine the activity of the Culex sp mosquito repellency using patchouli oil in silico and in vitro. Assessment of in silico modeling is through based on interactions of terpenoid the Culex sp mosquito olfactory receptor structure was downloaded from www.pdb.org with access code 3OGN while the ligand structure downloaded from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. The modeling by using Autodock Tools 1.5.4 docking of the ligands were done in consecutive performing of α-guaine, α-patchoulen, vellence, caryophyllene, and syechellen respectively. In comparing with commercial repellent DEET, the patchouli oil component with minus patchouli alcohol have more potent as repellent with Kd = 330 µM, while Kd of DEET is 7,31 µM. Patchouli oil components have potential as a repellent better than DEET, it is indicated from Kd values greater than Kd DEET. By in vitro experiment, patchouli oil showed repellency at EC50 = 6,19 ± 0,55 ppm