Fast feature selection aimed at high-dimensional data via hybrid-sequential-ranked searches

We address the feature subset selection problem for classification tasks. We examine the performance of two hybrid strategies that directly search on a ranked list of features and compare them with two widely used algorithms, the fast correlation based filter (FCBF) and sequential forward selection (SFS). The pro-posed hybrid approaches provide the possibility of efficiently applying any subset evaluator, with a wrap-per model included, to large and high-dimensional domains. The experiments performed show that our two strategies are competitive and can select a small subset of features without degrading the classifica-tion error or the advantages of the strategies under study

Neutron radiobiology studies with a pure cold neutron beam

Data on the radiobiological effects of thermal neutrons are usually obtained from irradiations in a mixed field of neutrons of different energies and gamma rays or from conversion of proton data with similar energies to those created in the neutron capture on nitrogen. Experimental data from irradiations in a pure thermal or cold neutron beam can help to find new values for neutron relative biological effectiveness (RBE) factors, which are useful for BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy) and radiation protection applications. We present a new experimental setup for radiobiological studies at a cold neutron beam at Institut Laue-Langevin, a beam without fast neutron component and almost no gamma ray contribution. After the irradiation, survival assays are performed to obtain the survival curves. Finally, comparing with a reference photon irradiation, the thermal neutron RBE factors can be calculated. The methodology is outlined at the example of A375 melanoma cells for which new radiobiological data were obtained.We acknowledge financial support for this work from the Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer (AECC) under grant PS16163811PORR, Junta de Andalucía (Andalusian Regional Government), under contract P11-FQM-8229, Spanish MINECO and FEDER funds under contract FIS2015-69941-C2-1-P, the grant agreement ILL-UGR and the founders of the University of Granada Chair Neutrons for Medicine: Spanish Fundación ACS and Capitán Antonio. M.P. acknowledges a grant under the program Becas de Iniciación a la Investigación from the Universidad de Granada (Plan Propio de Investigación). The open access fee was covered by FILL2030, a European Union project within the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under grant agreement N°731096

Sepsis por escherichia coli de inicio infrecuente en paciente con linfoma de células T y NK: Sepsis by escherichia coli of uncommon starting in patient with T and NK cell lymphoma

Sepsis occurs in the presence of an infectious focus; in this case by Escherichia coli (E. coli), that toxins  can cause severe damage to the organism's functionality and morphology, being worsened in patients with diseases that affect the immune system; as is this case in the presence of hematological malignancy. A 42-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of T-NK non-Hodgkin lymphoma presented with a necrotic plaque on the palate, temperature above 38 ° C, respiratory rate exceeding 20 breaths per minute, and heart rate exceeding 90 beats per minute. , on examination of a positive pharyngeal culture for E. coli, negative urine culture, confirming a pharyngeal infectious starting point; Treat with amikacin endovenously for 7 days with good response to antibiotic therapy. An infrequent case is reported for this type of bacteria in the oral area and a review of the subject.La sepsis se da en presencia de un foco infeccioso; en este caso por Escherichia coli (E.coli), las cuales poseen toxinas que pueden causar daños severos en la funcionalidad y morfología del organismo, viéndose empeorado en pacientes con enfermedades que afecten al sistema inmunitario; como es este caso en presencia de neoplasia hematológica. Paciente femenina de 42 años , con diagnóstico de Linfoma no Hodgkin de células T-NK presenta una placa necrótica en el paladar, temperatura por encima de 38°C, frecuencia respiratoria superando las 20 respiraciones por minutos y frecuencia cardíaca superando los 90 latidos por minuto, al examen de cultivo faríngeo positivo a E.coli, urocultivo negativo, confirmando punto partida infeccioso faríngeo; tratada con amikacina vía endovenosa durante 7 días con buena respuesta a la antibioticoterapia . Se reporta un caso infrecuente por este tipo de bacteria en zona bucal y revisión del tema

Biofunctional and Tribo-mechanical Behavior of Porous Titanium Substrates Coated with a Bioactive Glass Bilayer (45S5 ‒ 1393)

Porous substrates of commercially pure titanium have been coated with a novel bilayer of bioactive glasses, 45S5 and 1393, to improve the osseointegration and solve the stress-shielding phenomenon of titanium partial implants. The porosity of the substrates, the scratch resistance and bioactivity of the coating have been evaluated. Results are discussed in terms of stiffness and yield strength of the substrates, as well as the chemical composition, thickness and design of the bioglass coating (monolithic vs. bilayer). The role of the pores was a crucial issue in the anchoring of the coating, both in porosity percentage (30 and 60 vol. %) and pore range size (100 – 200 and 355 ‒ 500 μm). The study was focused on the adhesion and infiltration of a 1393 bioglass layer (in contact with a porous titanium substrate), in combination with the biofunctionality of the 45S5 bioglass layer (surrounded by the host bone tissue), as 1393 bioglass enhances the adherence, while 45S5 bioglass promotes higher bioactivity. This bioactivity of the raw powder was initially estimated by nuclear magnetic resonance, through the evaluation of the chemical environments, and confirmed by the formation of hydroxyapatite, when immersed in simulated body fluid. Results revealed that the substrate with 30 vol. % of porosity and a range of 355 ‒ 500 μm pore size, coated with this novel bioactive glass bilayer, presented the best combination in terms of mechanical and biofunctional properties.Junta de Andalucía–FEDER (Spain) Project Ref. US-1259771Ministerio de Ciencia y Educación (Spain) Project 2004/00001203 (RYC-2004-001497

Porous titanium substrates coated with a bilayer of bioactive glasses

Porous titanium substrates coated by dripping-sedimentation technique with a novel bilayer of (45S5 / 1393) bioactive glasses are proposed to overcome some limitations of the use of titanium for implants, such as the stress shielding and the poor osseointegration. Composition, thickness, roughness and micromechanical behavior (P-h curves) of the coating and the influence of the porous titanium substrates have been characterized. Best results were found for the substrate with 30 vol.% of porosity and a range size of 355 ‒ 500 μm, since it enhanced the mechanical and biofunctional behavior, due to the good adhesion of the 1393 bioglass to the substrate and the greater bioactivity of the 45S5 bioglass, which would be in contact with the bone.Junta de Andalucía–FEDER (Spain) US-1259771M.E.C. (Spain) 2004/00001203 (RYC-2004-001497

Linking biogeochemical variability and microbial community structure in forest soils: Abies pinsapo-fir forests as a study case

Tradicionalmente, los estudios biogeoquímicos consideraban el suelo como una "caja negra", conectada con el resto del ecosistema mediante flujos de entrada y de salida de nutrientes, en la que éstos experimentan transformaciones mediadas en gran parte por microorganismos desconocidos. El desarrollo de nuevas técnicas moleculares ha incrementado el conocimiento sobre las comunidades microbianas del suelo. Estudios recientes han puesto de manifiesto correspondencias entre la variabilidad de la disponibilidad de nutrientes y la estructura de la comunidad microbiana en suelos forestales. A este respecto, hemos empleado bosques de Abies pinsapo como modelo ya que muestran una gran variabilidad biogeoquímica asociada a diferencias litológicas y sucesionales, mientras que la estacionalidad mediterránea provoca una alta variabilidad intra anual en la disponibilidad de nutrientes. Además, existen pinsapares sujetos a limitación o a saturación de nitrógeno. Mediante análisis del polimorfismo de longitud de fragmentos de restricción terminal (T-RFLP), hemos puesto de manifiesto que los patrones de variabilidad biogeoquímica descritos en los pinsapares se corresponden con cambios en la composición y estructura de sus comunidades bacterianas.Traditionally, soil has been considered as a "black box", connected to the rest of the ecosystem by input and output fluxes, where nutrients are transformed mainly through processes controlled by unknown microorganisms. The development of new molecular techniques has increased our knowledge about microbiological soil communities. Recent studies reveal that change in nutrient availability in forest soils is associated with shifts in the soil community structure. We have used Abies pinsapo fir forests as a model case to this regard, since they show a marked among-sites biogeochemical variability due to changes in lithology and successional status, while Mediterranean seasonality determines high intra-year variability in nutrients availability. Moreover, A. pinsapo forests that are either N-limited or N-saturated do exist. Using terminal restriction fragments length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis we have demonstrated that these patterns of biogeochemical variability are associated with shifts in the structure of the soil bacterial communities

Second Order Sliding Mode Control of a STATCOM with Saturated Inputs

This paper presents a robust controller for a STATCOM device with saturated inputs. As the primary assumption, the proposed design considers the presence of unknown but bounded external perturbations and parametric variations. This proposal has a cascade structure, where a saturated super twisting control algorithm closes the currents control loop, and a high-gain proportional-integral (PI) algorithm ensures the voltage regulation. Thus, the exposed scheme provides an adequate performance of the STATCOM, considering the saturation of the inputs with the anti-windup feature. Posteriorly, a proper stability analysis presents the conditions for the appropriate operation of the closed-loop system in saturation and non-saturation regimes. Numerical simulations are also included to show the performance of the proposed controller

Mechanisms driving the catastrophic optical damage in high power laser diodes

Producción CientíficaThe catastrophic optical damage (COD) of laser diodes consists of the sudden drop off of the optical power. COD is generally associated with a thermal runaway mechanism in which the active zone of the laser is molten in a positive feedback process. The full sequence of the degradation follows different phases: in the first phase, a weak zone of the laser is incubated and the temperature is locally increased there; when a critical temperature is reached the thermal runaway process takes place. Usually, the positive feedback leading to COD is circumscribed to the sequential enhancement of the optical absorption in a process driven by the increase of the temperature. However, the meaning of the critical temperature has not been unambiguously established. Herein, we will discuss about the critical temperature, and the physical mechanisms involved in this process. The influence of the progressive deterioration of the thermal conductivity of the laser structure as a result of the degradation during the laser operation will be addressed.Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA302U13

Influence of the porosity and type of bioglass on the micro-mechanical and bioactive behavior of coated porous titanium substrates

In this study, the best equilibrium among adherence, micro-mechanical properties and coating bioactivity of bioactive glasses (45S5 and 1393) on porous titanium substrates has been explored and their potential uses for bone tissue implants. Porous titanium discs with different porosities (30 and 60 vol.%) and pore size distributions (100–200 and 355–500 µm) were utilized to rationalize their influence on both properties and performance. It was corroborated that porous samples produced a reduction in micro-hardness (~ 2000–4000 N/mm2) and the elastic modulus (~25–50 GPa), obtaining values closer to those of human bones, as well as induced a beneficial role to integrate the coatings. On one hand, bioglass 1393 presented greater capacity for pore infiltration while 45S5 was more bioactive. The results explained the better adherence and microhardness for bioglass 1393 and the significant formation of hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphates of bioglass 45S5, confirmed by 29Si MAS NMR.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2019-109371GB-I00Junta de Andalucía US-125977