Intervención educativa sobre factores de riesgo del cáncer de mama en mujeres de 20 a 40 años

Introduction: cancer-related diseases are the leading causes of mortality rates, where breast cancer is the one with the highest incidence among women.Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on the risk factors of breast cancer in women between 20 and 40 years old from November 2019 to January 2020.Method: a quasi-experimental study having a before and after design was carried out without a control group in women between 20 and 40 years old at No- 13 Family Doctor’s Office belonging to Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz  University Polyclinic . The target group comprised 150 women who were allocated, selecting a sample of 24 through intentional sampling and inclusion and exclusion criteria.  This study was developed in three stages: diagnosis, intervention and evaluation. Absolute and relative percentage frequency and chi-squared test were used to determine the independence between variables (p <0.05) and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test for ordinal variables.Results: after the educational intervention, a significant increase (p <0,05 U = 23) was observed in the level of adequate knowledge about risk factors of breast cancer (44,17 % vs. 100 %), practice of breast self-examination ( 8,3 % vs. 100 %) and clinical signs of breast cancer (33,3 % vs. 100 %).Conclusions: the application of the educational intervention had a favorable impact on the level of knowledge of women between the ages 20 and 40 in the community, undertaking a greater perception of risk and providing tools to prevent the disease in this vulnerable population group.Introducción: las enfermedades oncológicas constituyen las primeras causas de mortalidad, donde el cáncer de mama es el de mayor incidencia entre las mujeres.Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de una intervención educativa sobre factores de riesgo del cáncer de mama en mujeres de 20 a 40 años desde noviembre del 2019 hasta enero del 2020.Método: se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental de antes y después sin grupo de control en mujeres de 20 a 40 años pertenecientes al Consultorio Médico de la Familia número13 del Policlínico Universitario “Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz”. El universo estuvo constituido por 150 mujeres dispensarizadas, seleccionándose una muestra de 24 mediante muestreo intencional y criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se desarrolló en tres etapas: diagnóstico, intervención y evaluación. Se empleó la frecuencia absoluta y relativa porcentual, Chi cuadrado para determinar la independencia entre variables (p<0,05) y la prueba no-paramétrica de Mann-Whitney para variables ordinales.Resultados: tras la intervención educativa se observó un aumento significativo (p<0,05 U=23) del nivel de conocimiento adecuado sobre factores de riesgo del cáncer de mama (44,17 % vs 100 %), práctica de autoexamen de mama (8,3 % vs 100 %) y manifestaciones clínicas del cáncer de mama (33,3 % vs 100 %).Conclusiones: la aplicación de la intervención educativa tuvo un impacto favorable sobre el nivel de conocimiento de las mujeres de 20 a 40 años de la comunidad, garantizando una mayor percepción del riesgo y brindando herramientas para prevenir la enfermedad en este grupo poblacional vulnerable

Intervención educativa sobre factores de riesgo del cáncer de mama en mujeres de 20 a 40 años

Introduction: cancer-related diseases are the leading causes of mortality rates, where breast cancer is the one with the highest incidence among women. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on the risk factors of breast cancer in women between 20 and 40 years old from November 2019 to January 2020. Method: a quasi-experimental study having a before and after design was carried out without a control group in women between 20 and 40 years old at No- 13 Family Doctor’s Office belonging to Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz University Polyclinic . The target group comprised 150 women who were allocated, selecting a sample of 24 through intentional sampling and inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study was developed in three stages: diagnosis, intervention and evaluation. Absolute and relative percentage frequency and chi-squared test were used to determine the independence between variables (p <0.05) and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test for ordinal variables. Results: after the educational intervention, a significant increase (p <0,05 U = 23) was observed in the level of adequate knowledge about risk factors of breast cancer (44,17 % vs. 100 %), practice of breast self-examination ( 8,3 % vs. 100 %) and clinical signs of breast cancer (33,3 % vs. 100 %). Conclusions: the application of the educational intervention had a favorable impact on the level of knowledge of women between the ages 20 and 40 in the community, undertaking a greater perception of risk and providing tools to prevent the disease in this vulnerable population group.Introducción: las enfermedades oncológicas constituyen las primeras causas de mortalidad, donde el cáncer de mama es el de mayor incidencia entre las mujeres. Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de una intervención educativa sobre factores de riesgo del cáncer de mama en mujeres de 20 a 40 años desde noviembre del 2019 hasta enero del 2020. Método: se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental de antes y después sin grupo de control en mujeres de 20 a 40 años pertenecientes al Consultorio Médico de la Familia número 13 del Policlínico Universitario “Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz”. El universo estuvo constituido por 150 mujeres dispensarizadas, seleccionándose una muestra de 24 mediante muestreo intencional y criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se desarrolló en tres etapas: diagnóstico, intervención y evaluación. Se empleó la frecuencia absoluta y relativa porcentual, Chi cuadrado para determinar la independencia entre variables (p<0,05) y la prueba no-paramétrica de Mann-Whitney para variables ordinales. Resultados: tras la intervención educativa se observó un aumento significativo (p<0,05 U=23) del nivel de conocimiento adecuado sobre factores de riesgo del cáncer de mama (44,17 % vs 100 %), práctica de autoexamen de mama (8,3 % vs 100 %) y manifestaciones clínicas del cáncer de mama (33,3 % vs 100 %). Conclusiones: la aplicación de la intervención educativa tuvo un impacto favorable sobre el nivel de conocimiento de las mujeres de 20 a 40 años de la comunidad, garantizando una mayor percepción del riesgo y brindando herramientas para prevenir la enfermedad en este grupo poblacional vulnerable

Educational intervention on the risk factors of breast cancer in women between 20 and 40 years old

Introduction: cancer-related diseases are the leading causes of mortality rates, where breast cancer is the one with the highest incidence among women. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on the risk factors of breast cancer in women between 20 and 40 years old from November 2019 to January 2020. Method: a quasi-experimental study having a before and after design was carried out without a control group in women between 20 and 40 years old at No- 13 Family Doctor’s Office belonging to Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz  University Polyclinic . The target group comprised 150 women who were allocated, selecting a sample of 24 through intentional sampling and inclusion and exclusion criteria.  This study was developed in three stages: diagnosis, intervention and evaluation. Absolute and relative percentage frequency and chi-squared test were used to determine the independence between variables (p <0.05) and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test for ordinal variables. Results: after the educational intervention, a significant increase (p <0,05 U = 23) was observed in the level of adequate knowledge about risk factors of breast cancer (44,17 % vs. 100 %), practice of breast self-examination ( 8,3 % vs. 100 %) and clinical signs of breast cancer (33,3 % vs. 100 %). Conclusions: the application of the educational intervention had a favorable impact on the level of knowledge of women between the ages 20 and 40 in the community, undertaking a greater perception of risk and providing tools to prevent the disease in this vulnerable population group