Inactivación de patógenos en residuos avícolas mediante el compostaje

The aim of the study was to inactivate pathogenic microorganisms through the composting process for 120 hours using residues of organic compounds in two proportions: C/N 25 composed of 25.31, 40.42 and 34.27% and C/N 35 for 44.61, 12.90 and 42.50% of bean straw, fresh sorghum forage and dry chicken manure, respectively. The variables analysed were temperature, microbial load (mesophilic aerobics, total and faecal coliforms) and reduction of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium, artificially inoculated in three levels of the compost piles. The C/N 35 treatment reached the highest temperature and inactivation of the pathogenic microorganisms evaluated during the thermophilic phase of composting. The temperatures reached were not homogeneous between the levels of the piles, being lower in the upper level (p<0.000). This study suggests the implementation of composting as an efficient alternative for the disposal of poultry waste.El objetivo del estudio fue inactivar microorganismos patógenos mediante el proceso de compostaje durante 120 horas utilizando residuos de compuestos orgánicos en dos proporciones: C/N 25 compuesto por 25.31, 40.42 y 34.27% y C/N 35 por 44.61, 12.90 y 42.50% de paja de frijol, forraje fresco de sorgo y estiércol seco, respectivamente. Las variables analizadas fueron temperatura, carga microbiana (aeróbicos mesófilos, coliformes totales y fecales) y reducción de Escherichia coli y Salmonella Typhimurium inoculadas artificialmente en tres niveles de las pilas de compost. El tratamiento C/N 35 alcanzó la mayor temperatura e inactivación de los microorganismos patógenos evaluados durante la fase termofílica del compostaje. Las temperaturas alcanzadas no fueron homogéneas entre los niveles de las pilas siendo inferior en el nivel superior (p<0.000). Este estudio sugiere la implementación del compostaje como una alternativa eficiente para la disposición de residuos avícolas

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries