On a New Species of Hysterothylacium (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from Cauque mauleanum (Pisces: Atherinidae) by Brightfield and Scanning Electron Microscopy

Hysterothylacium geschei n. sp. (Nematoda, Anisakidae) is described from the intestine of Cauque mauleanum (Steindachner) (Pisces: Atherinidae) from Lake Panguipulli (39º43'S; 72º13'W), Chile. Eleven (78.6%) out of 14 fish were infected, with a mean intensity (range) of 14.4 (1-55) worms. The new species can be differentiated from the two previously described species of freshwater fishes from South America by the presence of lateral alae, the number of caudal papillae, and the length of the spicules, oesophagus, intestinal caecum, distance vulva-anterior extremity and the length ratio intestinal caecum: ventricular appendix. From the fishes examined in Lake Panguipulli, including the introduced salmonid species Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) and the authochthonous species Basilichthys australis Eigenmann (Atherinidae) and Percichthys trucha (Valenciennes) (Percichthyidae), only one specimen of P. trucha was found parasitized by a third-stage larva of this species

Diseño y construcción de un microcosmos para evaluar el efecto del cambio climático en la fisiología de organismos marinos

Los cambios en las condiciones climáticas resultantes de las elevadas emisiones de CO2 a la atmósfera y el consecuente calentamiento de los océanos alterarán la estructura y función de los ecosistemas marinos, conduciendo a una disminución de la productividad pesquera. El objetivo de este trabajo fue diseñar y construir un microcosmos que permitiera evaluar el efecto conjunto del aumento de la temperatura y pCO2 sobre la fisiología de organismos marinos, con el fin de mejorar la proyección de sus futuras distribuciones y productividad. Se diseñó y construyó un sistema que consiste en dos circuitos de agua, uno abierto que controla el nivel de pCO2 (pH) en acuarios individuales y otro cerrado que regula la temperatura del baño en que estos acuarios son sumergidos. El sistema fue puesto a prueba mediante la simulación de un experimento sin animales con el fin de testear la estabilidad de las condiciones experimentales elegidas (T1= 4ºC, T2= 10ºC, pH1= 7,5, pH2= 8) a lo largo de 30 días. Esta experiencia resultó exitosa, con valores estables para las temperaturas (T1= 4,49 ± 0,11ºC, T2= 10,54 ± 0,42ºC) y pH testeados (pH1= 7,48 ± 0,06, pH2= 8,04 ± 0,04), así como para la salinidad en todo el microcosmos (24,06 ± 0,24). Este microcosmos es el primero de su tipo en la Argentina y la información resultante de su empleo permitirá realizar comparaciones con otras especies de importancia ecológica y/o comercial de distintas regiones del mundo.Fil: Rubel, Maximiliano David. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Río Grande; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Lattuca, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Río Grande; ArgentinaFil: Manriquez, Patricio H.. Centro de Estudios Avanzados En Zonas Áridas; ChileFil: Torres, Rodrigo. Centro de Investigacion En Ecosistemas de la Patagonia; ChileFil: Fernandez, Daniel Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaI Congreso Nacional de Ingeniería Pesquera y V Jornadas de Ingeniería PesqueraPuerto MadrynArgentinaUniversidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Chubu

Associations of Sedentary Behaviour, Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Composition with Risk of Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children with Overweight/Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study

The aim of this study was to examine the associations of sedentary behaviour, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and body composition parameters with risk of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) in children with overweight/obesity. One-hundred and nine children (10.0 +/- 1.1 years old, 45 girls) with overweight (n = 27) and obesity (n = 82) were included. Television viewing time was self-reported by using the Spanish adaptation of the "Youth Activity Profile" (YAP) questionnaire. Sedentary time and physical activity were measured with accelerometry. CRF was assessed with the 20-m shuttle-run test and body composition parameters with Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. SRBD were evaluated by using the Spanish version of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire. Television viewing time was positively associated with risk of SRBD (r = 0.222, p = 0.021). CRF was negatively correlated with risk of SRBD (r = -0.210, p = 0.030). Body composition parameters were positively associated with risk of SRBD (all p < 0.05), except fat mass index. Stepwise regression analyses showed that body mass index (BMI) explained the largest proportion of the variance in SRBD (r(2) = 0.063, p = 0.01) and television viewing time was the only one added after BMI (r(2) change = 0.048, p = 0.022). This study supports the notion that higher body weight status negatively influences risk of SRBD and adds that unhealthy behaviours could contribute to worsen SRBD, related to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. All the significant association observed in this manuscript were of small magnitude, indicating than other factors in addition to the one hereby studied contribute to explain the variance in SRBD

Extremely Long-Lived Stigmas Allow Extended Cross-Pollination Opportunities in a High Andean Plant

High-elevation ecosystems are traditionally viewed as environments in which predominantly autogamous breeding systems should be selected because of the limited pollinator availability. Chaetanthera renifolia (Asteraceae) is an endemic monocarpic triennial herb restricted to a narrow altitudinal range within the high Andes of central Chile (3300–3500 m a.s.l.), just below the vegetation limit. This species displays one of the larger capitulum within the genus. Under the reproductive assurance hypothesis, and considering its short longevity (monocarpic triennial), an autogamous breeding system and low levels of pollen limitation would be predicted for C. renifolia. In contrast, considering its large floral size, a xenogamous breeding system, and significant levels of pollen limitation could be expected. In addition, the increased pollination probability hypothesis predicts prolonged stigma longevity for high alpine plants. We tested these alternative predictions by performing experimental crossings in the field to establish the breeding system and to measure the magnitude of pollen limitation in two populations of C. renifolia. In addition, we measured the stigma longevity in unpollinated and open pollinated capitula, and pollinator visitation rates in the field. We found low levels of self-compatibility and significant levels of pollen limitation in C. renifolia. Pollinator visitation rates were moderate (0.047–0.079 visits per capitulum per 30 min). Although pollinator visitation rate significantly differed between populations, they were not translated into differences in achene output. Finally, C. renifolia stigma longevity of unpollinated plants was extremely long and significantly higher than that of open pollinated plants (26.3±2.8 days vs. 10.1±2.2, respectively), which gives support to the increased pollination probability hypothesis for high-elevation flowering plants. Our results add to a growing number of studies that show that xenogamous breeding systems and mechanisms to increase pollination opportunities can be selected in high-elevation ecosystems

Azokh caves excavations 2002-2006: Middle-Upper palaeolithic transition in Nagorno-Karabagh

Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu

UMA. Potrero de mulas. San Sebastián del Oeste, Jalisco

Las Unidades de Manejo para la Conservación de la Vida Silvestre (UMAs). El presente proyecto reside en el apoyo a la UMA “Potrero de Mulas”, ubicada en el municipio San Sebastián del Oeste del Estado de Jalisco. El objetivo principal de la visita realizada consistió en conocer las condiciones actuales en las que se encontraba la UMA, su funcionamiento, cómo se está manteniendo económicamente y cuáles son sus problemáticas. La UMA anteriormente contaba con recursos económicos que el Gobierno Federal les otorgaba como subsidios que se destinaban para el mantenimiento de la UMA así como para el desarrollo de las actividades ecoturísticas; sin embargo, después de unos años, el Gobierno Federal optó por eliminar este tipo de apoyo, por consiguiente, se retiró el apoyo económica hacia las UMAs. En consecuencia, otro de los objetivos del proyecto es que a partir de la visita de campo a la UMA, y conociendo sus problemáticas, sería enfocar el análisis respecto a la viabilidad de volver a solicitar al gobierno el apoyo económico para este tipo de proyectos.ITESO, A.C