Diasporic Disquisitions: Dominicanists, Transnationalism, and the Community

This paper analyzes the Dominican diaspora discussing the two main lineage of analyses: those that privilege stress community formation and those based on transnational interaction

Opinions of Argentinean neonatologists on the initiation of life-sustaining treatment in preterm infants

Background: In June 2014, the Argentinean Ministry of Health published guidelines for the management of neonates born at the limit of viability (≤25 weeks of gestation). We explored the opinion of neonatologists in Buenos Aires, Argentina, regarding the initiation of life‐sustaining treatment (LST) in critically ill neonates, focusing on the effect of sociocultural factors on their opinion. Methods: An anonymous survey was designed to explore the opinions of Argentinean neonatologists on whether or not to initiate LST in newborns born prematurely. Five hundred eighty neonatologists from 36 neonatal units were invited to participate, and 315 specialists from 34 neonatal units completed the survey (response rate 54%). The survey was conducted between June 2014 and February 2015. Results: At 22 weeks, 9.5% (30/315) of the neonatologists answered they would begin LST on neonates born, 42.5% (134/315) at 23 weeks, 37% (117/315) at 24 weeks, 7% (22/315) at 25 weeks, and 4% (12/315) at ≥26 weeks. Cumulatively, then 96% of participants stated they would start LST at 25 weeks of gestation or less. On multivariate analysis, a “transcendent” value of life and lack of consideration of the local legal framework for making medical decisions in the delivery room were statistically associated with an opinion in favor of initiation of LST in neonates born at the limit of viability. More than 50% of the Argentinean neonatologists surveyed answered they would initiate treatment at a gestational age of less than 23 weeks, despite the fact that the recommendations of the Argentinean Ministry of Health are to only give comfort care for these neonates. The opinion of most Argentinean neonatologists surveyed thus differs from that recommended by the guidelines of Argentina. Conclusion: The most frequent opinion of Argentinean neonatologists was to initiate LST in neonates at the limit of viability. Certain factors, in particular the sense of a transcendent meaning to life and lack of consideration of the local legal framework for making medical decisions in the delivery room, seem to influence the decision to start LST.Fil: Silberberg, Agustín. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Villar, Marcelo Jose. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; Argentina. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; ArgentinaFil: Torres, Silvio. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; Argentin

Introduction to Dominican Blackness

This study is a reflection on the complexity of racial thinking and racial discourse in Dominican society

Peregrinaciones antillanas: Sobre el saber hegemónico y la identidad diaspórica

República Dominicana y Cub

Exploratory Content Analysis of Direct-To-Consumer Pet Genomics: What Is Being Marketed and What Are Consumers Saying?

Mars Petcare introduced the first direct-to-consumer domestic dog genetic test in 2009 and Basepaws introduced the first direct-to-consumer cat genetic test in 2016. Social science research has evaluated numerous aspects of the human direct-to-consumer market, yet no such exploration has evaluated the occurrence of pet owners pursuing pet genetic tests. Using a mixed methods approach, we conducted an exploratory content analysis of direct-to-consumer pet genetic company webpages and consumer reviews shared on Amazon. Initial data reviews indicated some companies may be key industry players, relative to others. Our results present content frequency for each group (key industry players, all other companies), though the primary themes for each remained the same. Analysis showed genetic companies are primarily sharing product and purchasing information, along with trustworthiness to establish the merit of the company and their products. Companies also used statements directed towards pet owners that are suggestive of both pets and “pet parents” benefiting from the test results. The primary themes identified in consumer reviews involved consumers sharing their perception about the tests (e.g., accuracy), what aspects of the test results they focused on (e.g., breed information), and experiences with using the test (e.g., ease of use). Amazon reviews were primarily positive, though the companies with smaller review numbers had higher percentages of negative and ambiguous sentiments. Of interest, reviews most often indicated tests were being used to determine a pet’s breed identity, while companies most frequently promoted the health advantages of using their products. Reviews revealed some consumers respond to tests by sharing their pet’s results with someone or by altering their pet’s care. Considering these results in addition to the growing popularity of this industry and the advancements of genomic technology, further research is needed to determine the role pet genetic testing may have in society and on human-animal relationships

Plasticity in the Echolocation Inventory of Mormopterus minutus (Chiroptera, Molossidae)

We recorded the echolocation behavior of the molossid bat Mormopterus minutus, a species that uses a plastic call inventory. During its foraging activity, M. minutus searches for insects emitting rather long and narrow-band echolocation calls. Search call design however, can vary noticeably even in a continuous foraging pass. While echolocating in different flying conditions M. minutus uses several other call designs such as short CF, QCF, FM/QCF, FM and multi-harmonic FM, with or without harmonic overlap, and QCF/FM. Call plasticity characterizes most echolocation sequences, particularly in bats flying in open spaces. Call variation was also influenced by the presence of conspecifics. In those sequences containing echolocation calls from more than one bat, signals from different individuals were reliably identified. In contrast to other small molossids, the call designs in the echolocation inventory of M. minutus show a high level of plasticity. Our results suggest that M. minutus has combined the advantages of emitting several call designs, as shown by molossids, with the advantages of manipulating one signal design as shown by vespertilionids within the same sonar inventory.Peer reviewe

Behavior Problems in Children With Specific Language Impairment

We studied behavior in a group of children with specific language impairment in its 2 subtypes (expressive and mixed receptive/expressive). After exclusion of other psychiatric conditions, we evaluated 114 children of ages 2 to 7 years using language developmental tests and behavioral screening scales. Behavior problems appeared in 54% of the children. Withdrawn was the most frequently found syndrome in preschool children, whereas anxious/depressed and social problems were the most frequent in older children. The high frequency of behavioral syndromes in children with specific language impairment is remarkable and requires the awareness of primary attendants and specialists. Anxiety, depression, social isolation, and aggressive and rule-breaking behavior can obscure identification of the language impairment. Taking into account this relationship would improve the chances of a timely and appropriate intervention.Fil: Maggio, Verónica. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Grañana, Nora Estela. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos ; ArgentinaFil: Richadeau, Alba. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Torres, Silvio. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Giannotti, Adrián. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Suburo, Angela Maria. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Sulfur fertilization technology in the Argentine Pampas region : a review

Sulfur (S) deficiencies in grain crops have become increasingly frequent worldwide, including the Argentine Pampas region, located in South America. The objective of this work is to review recent research literature regarding S fertilization in the Argentine Pampas region, with emphasis on technological issues. The S fertilization in this region has grown sharply over recent years and, simultaneously, more scientific literature has been generated. A knowledge gap is recognized on field research studies related to elemental sulfur (ES) fertilization and its relative agronomic effectiveness in comparison to soluble S sources. By far, solid sulfate fertilizers are the most widespread S sources applied by farmers in the Pampas region. Nonetheless, application of liquid sources has increased over recent times. Overall, similar agronomic performance among sulfate sources has been reported. Additionally, similar effectiveness was documented between micronized ES and sulfate sources for different crops, with the exception of some site-specific conditions where effectiveness of sulfate sources may outperform ES. This review manuscript contributes to synthesize current knowledge regarding S fertilization technology and identify research needs in this matter.La frecuencia de ocurrencia de deficiencias de azufre (S) en cultivos de grano se incrementó a nivel mundial, incluyendo la Región Pampeana argentina, localizada en Sudamérica. El objetivo del trabajo es realizar una revisión de la literatura científica sobre fertilización azufrada en la Región Pampeana, con énfasis en aspectos tecnológicos. La adopción de la fertilización azufrada creció marcadamente en ésta región y simultáneamente aumentó la cantidad de publicaciones científicas en el tema. Sin embargo, existe una brecha de conocimiento sobre la fertilización con azufre elemental (AE) y su efectividad agronómica relativa a fuentes azufradas solubles. Los fertilizantes sulfatados sólidos son, con creces, las fuentes de S más utilizadas en la Región Pampeana aunque la aplicación de fuentes líquidas se incrementó en los últimos tiempos. En términos generales, se ha reportado similar efectividad agronómica entre fuentes sulfatadas. Asimismo, se ha observado similar efectividad agronómica entre el AE micronizado y fuentes sulfatadas en diferentes cultivos, con la excepción de condiciones sitio-específicas donde las fuentes sulfatadas pueden presentar una mejor performance. Esta revisión contribuye a sintetizar el conocimiento vigente sobre tecnología de fertilización azufrada y puede resultar de interés para establecer necesidades de investigación en este tema.EEA PergaminoFil: Torres Duggan, Martín. Tecnoagro; ArgentinaFil: Melgar, Ricardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Departamento Suelo y Fertilidad; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Monica Beatriz. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Cátedra de Fertilidad y Fertilizantes; ArgentinaFil: Lavado, Raúl Silvio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Ciampitti, Ignacio Antonio. Purdue University. Agronomy Department; Estados Unido