Herramienta pedag?gica para la ense?anza de las ciencias naturales

48 P?ginasRecurso Electr?nicoEl presente proyecto est? basado en la implementaci?n de una Herramienta Pedag?gica en el ?rea de las Ciencias Naturales en el grado s?ptimo (A, B y C) de la Instituci?n Escuela Normal Superior Santa Teresita. Esta instituci?n no cuenta con proyectos sobre las herramientas pedag?gicas, pero es de resaltar que la instituci?n es netamente pedag?gica y que se fundamenta en el pedagogo Celestin Freinet, el cual plantea el texto libre y la UAI. Teniendo en cuenta los Lineamientos curriculares, los cuales proponen ejes fundamentales como son los procesos de pensamiento y acci?n y conocimiento cient?fico b?sico, se realiza la Cartilla ?EXPLOREMOS 7?? ?La C?lula?, con el fin de que los estudiantes participen de un aprendizaje activo y significativo. Para la realizaci?n de este proyecto, las investigadoras se centraron en varios autores como Koock, Ville, Helena Curt?s, Sneider y Chowan, quienes dieron aportes significativos a esta tesis de grado. Con esta Herramienta Pedag?gica se busca mejorar los procesos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes, mejorando la actividad educativa evidenciando mediante la pr?ctica resultados positivos de aprendizaje.ABSTRACT. This project is based on the implementation of a Pedagogical Tool in the area of natural science in seventh grade (A, B and C) of the Superior Normal School Institution Theresa. This institution has no projects on educational tools, but it is noteworthy that the institution is purely educational and is based on the pedagogue Celestin Freinet, which raises the free text and IAU. Given the curriculum guidelines, which are proposed as the cornerstones of thought and action processes and basic scientific knowledge, the Primer is done "EXPLORATIONS 7th" "The Cell" in order to engage students in learning active and meaningful. For this project, the researchers focused on several authors as Koock, Ville, Helena Curtis, Sneider and Chowan, who gave significant contributions to this thesis. This pedagogical tool is to improve the learning processes of students, improving the educational activity showing positive results through practical learning.INTRODUCCI?N 11 1. MARCO CONTEXTUAL 12 2. ANTECEDENTES 13 3. FORMULACI?N DEL PROBLEMA 15 4. PREGUNTA PROBLEMATIZADORA 16 5. JUSTIFICACI?N 17 6. OBJETIVOS 18 6.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 18 6.2 OBJETIVOS ESPEC?FICOS 18 7. MARCO TE?RICO 19 7.1 LEY GENERAL DE EDUCACI?N 19 7.2 LINEAMIENTOS Y EST?NDARES CURRICULARES 19 7.2.1 Procesos de pensamiento y acci?n grado s?ptimo 20 7.2.2 Conocimiento de procesos biol?gicos 20 7.3 CONSTRUCTIVISMO 21 7.4 DID?CTICA 21 7.5 ESTRATEGIA 22 7.6 ESTRATEGIAS DID?CTICAS 23 7.7 APRENDIZAJE SIGNIFICATIVO 23 7.8 ENSE?ANZA 26 7.9 PEDAGOG?AS ACTIVAS 26 7.10 CELESTIN FREINET 27 7.11 HELENA CURTIS 29 7.12 N. SUE BARNES 30 7.13 ADRIANA SCHNEK 30 8. DISE?O METODOL?GICO 31 8.1 TIPO DE INVESTIGACI?N 31 8.2 FASES DE LA INVESTIGACI?N 32 8.3 POBLACI?N 33 8.4 MUESTRA 33 8.5 CATEGOR?AS 33 8.6 INSTRUMENTOS PARA LA RECOLECCI?N DE INFORMACI?N 33 8.6.1 Observaci?n participativa 34 8.6.2 Taller 34 9. CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADES 35 10. AN?LISIS DE RESULTADOS 36 10.1 PRE-T?S TALLER DE DIAGN?STICO 36 10.2 POST-TEST. PRUEBA FINAL 37 10.3 AN?LISIS COMPARATIVO 39 10.3.1 Diferencias de la c?lula animal y la c?lula vegetal 39 10.3.2 Funciones de la c?lula animal y vegetal 39 11. CONCLUSIONES 41 RECOMENDACIONES 42 REFERENCIAS 43 ANEXOS 4

A Proper Motion Study of the Haro 6-10 Outflow: Evidence for a Subarcsecond Binary

We present single-dish and VLBI observations of an outburst of water maser emission from the young binary system Haro 6-10. Haro 6-10 lies in the Taurus molecular cloud and contains a visible T Tauri star with an infrared companion 1.3" north. Using the Very Long Baseline Array, we obtained five observations spanning 3 months and derived absolute positions for 20 distinct maser spots. Three of the masers can be traced over 3 or more epochs, enabling us to extract absolute proper motions and tangential velocities. We deduce that the masers represent one side of a bipolar outflow that lies nearly in the plane of the sky with an opening angle of ~45\deg. They are located within 50 mas of the southern component of the binary, the visible T Tauri star Haro 6-10S. The mean position angle on the sky of the maser proper motions (~220\deg) suggests they are related to the previously observed giant Herbig-Haro (HH) flow which includes HH410, HH411, HH412, and HH184A-E. A previously observed HH jet and extended radio continuum emission (mean position angle of ~190\deg) must also originate in the vicinity of Haro6-10S and represent a second, distinct outflow in this region. We propose that a yet unobserved companion within 150 mas of Haro6-10S is responsible for the giant HH/maser outflow while the visible star is associated with the HH jet. Despite the presence of H_2 emission in the spectrum of the northern component of the binary, Haro6-10N, none of outflows/jets can be tied directly to this young stellar object

The Molecular Biology of Vestibular Schwannomas and Its Association with Hearing Loss: A Review

Hearing loss is the most common symptom in patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS). In the past, compressive mechanisms caused by the tumoral mass and its growth have been regarded as the most likely causes of the hearing loss associated with VS. Interestingly, new evidence proposes molecular mechanisms as an explanation for such hearing loss. Among the molecular mechanisms proposed are methylation of TP73, negative expression of cyclin D1, expression of B7-H1, increased expression of the platelet-derived growth factor A, underexpression of PEX5L, RAD54B, and PSMAL, and overexpression of CEA. Many molecular mechanisms are involved in vestibular schwannoma development; we review some of these mechanisms with special emphasis on hearing loss associated with vestibular schwannoma

Identification of colletotrichum species causing anthracnose on tahiti lime, tree tomato and mango

In Colombia, citrus, tree tomato and mango crops are likely to suffer considerable losses from anthracnose caused by several Colletotrichum species, which were identified by the present study on infected organs of the three fruit crops, sampled in different regions of the country. Identification was based on their morphological and molecular characteristics, as well as on fungicide (benomyl and copper hydroxide) sensitivity and pathogenicity tests. The latter assessed infectivity on both the original hosting crop and the other two crops (crossed infection), by putting the fungi in contact with organs taken from the three fruit crops. Molecular identification of the Colletotrichum species was carried out through amplification of rDNA ITS regions by means of C. gloeosporioides (CgInt) and C. acutatum (CaInt2) specific primer PCR combining the use of ITS4 universal primer. The results indicate that C. acutatum is the infectious agent in Tahiti lime and tree tomato, and so is C. gloeosporioides in mango. Although C. acutatum is the infectious agent in two diferent fruit species, the strains proved to be specific of their original hosts

Trend, Associated Factors and Concordance of Obesity by Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and Waist-Height Ratio in Adolescents. An Analysis of a 4-Year National Survey

Introduction: Regarding diagnosis, identifying reliable anthropometric measures to detect adolescent obesity is fundamental. However, in this age group has different definitions, either according to the body mass index (BMI), the waist circunference (WC) and the waist-height ratio (WHtR), making the measurement of this inaccurate. Objective: This study analyzed the prevalence, trends, and factors associated with obesity in Peruvian adolescents using data from the Demographic and Health Survey (ENDES) for 2019-2022. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted on 14,330 adolescents aged 15 to 19. The response variable was obesity, defined in three different ways. General obesity was assessed using the BMI was ≥ 2 standard deviations. 2) Abdominal obesity was defined through WC, with cutoff points ≥ 80.5 cm in men and ≥ 81 cm in women. 3) The relevant indicator for obesity was the WHtR, with a cutoff point ≥ 0.5. The associated factors to be evaluated were sex, age, natural region, marital status, education level, wealth, area of residence, alcohol consumption, and physical disability. Results: The study found that based on BMI, WC, and WHtR respectively, approximately 12.80%, 29.72%, and 24.27% of participants were considered obese. Significant associations were found between obesity and variables such as gender, natural region, marital status, wealth index, area of residence, education level, alcohol consumption, and physical disability. Conclusion: This research uncovered an alarmingly prevalence occurrence of obesity among adolescents in Peru with fluctuating patterns over time, emphasizing the need to tackle the interconnected issues contributing to this health concern. These findings can help inform and guide obesity prevention and control strategies in this population

The Texas Community-Engagement Research Alliance Against COVID-19 in Disproportionately Affected Communities (TX CEAL) Consortium

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic requires urgent implementation of effective community-engaged strategies to enhance education, awareness, and inclusion of underserved communities in prevention, mitigation, and treatment efforts. The Texas Community-Engagement Alliance Consortium was established with support from the United States’ National Institutes of Health (NIH) to conduct community-engaged projects in selected geographic locations with a high proportion of medically underserved minority groups with a disproportionate burden of COVID-19 disease and hospitalizations. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of the Consortium. The Consortium organized seven projects with focused activities to address COVID-19 clinical and vaccine trials in highly affected counties, as well as critical statewide efforts. Five Texas counties (Bexar, Dallas, Harris, Hidalgo, and Tarrant) were chosen by NIH because of high concentrations of underserved minority communities, existing community infrastructure, ongoing efforts against COVID-19, and disproportionate burden of COVID-19. Policies and practices can contribute to disparities in COVID-19 risk, morbidity, and mortality. Community engagement is an essential element for effective public health strategies in medically underserved minority areas. Working with partners, the Consortium will use community engagement strategies to address COVID-19 disparities

Factors Associated with Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices about Tuberculosis in Peruvians

Objective: To determine the factors associated with knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) about tuberculosis (TB) in the Peruvian population. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical study was carried out by conducting a virtual survey. The instrument that was used consisted of 4 sections: sociodemographic variables (9 questions), knowledge (23 questions), attitudes (9 questions), and practices (8 questions) about tuberculosis. Univariate and bivariate analyses and the Poisson regression model with robust variance were used to obtain crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRa). Results: The sample consisted of 1284 participants. Regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practices about TB, an insufficient level was found in 47.97%, 50.3%, and 54.36% of the cases, respectively. The variables that increased the probability of having sufficient knowledge were sex, grade, area, family history, and history of having TB. While only the area and both antecedents were for attitudes. Finally, the age, degree, and history of TB were for the practices. Conclusion: There are insufficient KAPs in around half of the population studied. In addition, there are differences according to the epidemiological characteristics, such as sex, age, academic degree, area, and family history of TB and having had this disease. Therefore, the importance of research in this field should be emphasized in the face of a disease that is related to the differences in the levels of these variables between different strata of the general population

Implementation of the Texas Community-Engaged Statewide Consortium for the Prevention of COVID-19

The Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL) Against COVID-19 Disparities aims to conduct community-engaged research and outreach. This paper describes the Texas CEAL Consortium\u27s activities in the first year and evaluates progress. The Texas CEAL Consortium comprised seven projects. To evaluate the Texas CEAL Consortium\u27s progress, we used components of the RE-AIM Framework. Evaluation included estimating the number of people reached for data collection and education activities (reach), individual project goals and progress (effectiveness), partnerships established and partner engagement (adoption), and outreach and education activities (implementation). During the one-year period, focus groups were conducted with 172 people and surveys with 2107 people across Texas. Partners represented various types of organizations, including 11 non-profit organizations, 4 academic institutions, 3 civic groups, 3 government agencies, 2 grassroots organizations, 2 faith-based organizations, 1 clinic, and 4 that were of other types. The main facets of implementation consisted of education activities and the development of trainings. Key recommendations for future consortiums relate to funding and research logistics and the value of strong community partnerships. The lessons learned in this first year of rapid deployment inform ongoing work by the Texas CEAL Consortium and future community-engaged projects

Goniómetro adaptado para la observación de los fenómenos y medición de los parámetros que intervienen en las leyes de refracción y reflexión de bajo costo

Con este trabajo se busca favorecer el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje de algunas leyes de la óptica, en particular la refracción, reflexión y la descomposición de la luz en su espectro fundamental. El objetivo fue el diseño de una unidad didáctica autocontenida que, con material de fácil consecución y bajo costo, permita a los estudiantes la asociación de los fenómenos mencionados y que se observan en la vida cotidiana, con lo aprendido sobre conceptos fundamentales de la óptica. Esto permitirá que el estudiante construya su conocimiento a través de la observación directa del mundo real a partir de las actividades diseñadas por el docente.