The Impact of the Post-Liberalisation Growth of LCCs on the Tourism Trends in Spain

This paper describes the basic characteristics of low cost companies (LCCs) and their expansion in Spain, one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world according to the World Tourism Organization. Using a demand perspective, the evolution of LCCs and the main implications for the tourism marked between 2000 and 2005 are analysed. The evident tendency of Low-Cost companies towards a marked growth in the number of passengers is contrasted with the evident stagnation of traditional or full service companies. The results of the analysis also show that highly significant trends related to the development of LCCs include the growing use of the Internet as an information search engine and tool for booking and paying for tourist services, the substitution of traditional holiday packages (travel and transport) for direct booking systems and a reduction in the length of stays at a destination.

Sismo-haití:proyecto de cooperación para el cálculo de la peligrosidad y el riesgo sísmico en Haití

El terremoto ocurrido el 12 de enero de 2010 en Haití devastó la ciudad de Puerto Príncipe, interrumpiendo la actividad social y económica. El proyecto Sismo-Haití surgió como respuesta a la solicitud de ayuda del país ante esta catástrofe y está siendo llevado a cabo por el grupo de investigación en Ingeniería Sísmica de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, especialistas en geología y sismología de las universidades Complutense de Madrid, Almería y Alicante, el Consejo Superior de Iinvestigaciones Científicas y técnicos locales. En el marco del citado proyecto se realizará un estudio de la amenaza sísmica, con la consiguiente obtención de mapas de aceleraciones que sirvan de base para una primera normativa sismorresistente en el país. Asimismo, se llevará a cabo un estudio de riesgo sísmico en alguna población piloto, incluyendo estudios de microzonación y vulnerabilidad sísmica, así como la estimación de daños y pérdidas humanas ante posibles sismos futuros, cuyos resultados irán dirigidos al diseño de planes de emergencia. En este trabajo se presentan los primeros avances del proyecto. Uno de los objetivos más importantes del proyecto Sismo-Haití es la formación de técnicos en el país a través de la transmisión de conocimientos y experiencia que el grupo de trabajo tiene en materia de peligrosidad y riesgo sísmico, así como en todo lo relacionado con la gestión de la emergencia

Método Rassias para la expresión oral de inglés en alumnos de Educación Primaria - Nuevo Chimbote, 2014

El estudio de la aplicación del, "Método Rassias para el desarrollo de la expresión oral de inglés en los alumnos del quinto grado de primaria de la IEP. Señor de la Vida", tuvo como propósito determinar cuánto influye el método Rassias en la expresión oral en los alumnos de quinto grado de primaria, es una investigación cuantitativa con diseño cuasi experimental; además se utilizó una ficha de observación para el recojo de la información. Los resultados alcanzados fueron el incremento del nivel de las cualidades de expresión oral de inglés mediante la aplicación del método, dado que este permite desarrollar la habilidad lingüística convirtiéndola así en una destreza.Tesi

Seismic Risk Scenarios in Puerto Principe (Haiti). A Tool for Reconstruction and Emergency Planning

The 12 January 2010, an earthquake hit the city of Port-au-Prince, capital of Haiti. The earthquake reached a magnitude Mw 7.0 and the epicenter was located near the town of Léogâne, approximately 25 km west of the capital. The earthquake occurred in the boundary region separating the Caribbean plate and the North American plate. This plate boundary is dominated by left-lateral strike slip motion and compression, and accommodates about 20 mm/y slip, with the Caribbean plate moving eastward with respect to the North American plate (DeMets et al., 2000). Initially the location and focal mechanism of the earthquake seemed to involve straightforward accommodation of oblique relative motion between the Caribbean and North American plates along the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault system (EPGFZ), however Hayes et al., (2010) combined seismological observations, geologic field data and space geodetic measurements to show that, instead, the rupture process involved slip on multiple faults. Besides, the authors showed that remaining shallow shear strain will be released in future surface-rupturing earthquakes on the EPGFZ. In December 2010, a Spanish cooperation project financed by the Politechnical University of Madrid started with a clear objective: Evaluation of seismic hazard and risk in Haiti and its application to the seismic design, urban planning, emergency and resource management. One of the tasks of the project was devoted to vulnerability assessment of the current building stock and the estimation of seismic risk scenarios. The study was carried out by following the capacity spectrum method as implemented in the software SELENA (Molina et al., 2010). The method requires a detailed classification of the building stock in predominant building typologies (according to the materials in the structure and walls, number of stories and age of construction) and the use of the building (residential, commercial, etc.). Later, the knowledge of the soil characteristics of the city and the simulation of a scenario earthquake will provide the seismic risk scenarios (damaged buildings). The initial results of the study show that one of the highest sources of uncertainties comes from the difficulty of achieving a precise building typologies classification due to the craft construction without any regulations. Also it is observed that although the occurrence of big earthquakes usually helps to decrease the vulnerability of the cities due to the collapse of low quality buildings and the reconstruction of seismically designed buildings, in the case of Port-au-Prince the seismic risk in most of the districts remains high, showing very vulnerable areas. Therefore the local authorities have to drive their efforts towards the quality control of the new buildings, the reinforcement of the existing building stock, the establishment of seismic normatives and the development of emergency planning also through the education of the population

Comparative analysis between elastic response spectra of different European Seismic Codes.

A comparative analysis between the elastic response spectra defined by different European seismic codes is presented in this paper. The following normatives are analyzed: Spanish building code NCSE-02, Eurocode 8 (EC-8), Italian building code NTC-08 and National Annex to EC-8 for Portugal and France. The study is carried out in the frame of a project aimed at defining the Spanish National Annex to EC-8, and the results provide us with some criteria for establishing the spectral shapes and the soil coefficients to be used in the Spanish National Annex to EC-8 as well as in a new revision of the NCSE-0

Disclosing Gender-Based Violence: A Qualitative Analysis of Professionals’ and Women’s Perspectives through a Discursive Approach

Supporting women to disclose gender-based violence (GBV) is a central feature of how healthcare and other welfare services address this problem. In this paper we take a discursive approach to analyse the process of disclosing GBV from the perspectives of young women who have been subjected to GBV and professionals working in the welfare system. Through a reflective thematic analysis of 13 interviews with young women who have been subjected to GBV and 17 with professionals working in different sectors of the welfare system, we developed four themes about how disclosure is perceived: (i) as a conversation between acquaintances; (ii) as ‘no solution’; (iii) as a possible prerequisite for action; and (iv) as difficult because GBV is normalised. Even if disclosure is not the solution per se, it makes it possible to respond institutionally to GBV on an individual basis through the figure of the expert professional who is alert to signs, knows how to support disclosure, and has the power to legitimate women’s claims of GBV. We acknowledge the possibilities that supporting disclosure brings for women subjected to GBV, but at the same time, problematise that it can re-centre expertise in the professional and place the responsibility on women.This study was funded by the Health Institute Carlos III (Ref. PI17CIII/00022)

Do we have friendly services to meet the needs of young women exposed to intimate partner violence in the Madrid region?

Introduction: Women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) do not tend to go very frequently to formal support services. The objective of this study is to identify barriers related to the accessibility, acceptability, equity, appropriateness and effectiveness of IPV services from the perspective of the professionals working in the IPV public services. Methods: A qualitative study was carried out in the Madrid region based on 13 semi-structured interviews of young women who had survived IPV as well as 17 interviews with professionals. A thematic content analysis was performed, guided by the dimensions proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for friendly services for young people. Results: From the perspective of the young women and professionals, barriers were identified for all the dimensions of the WHO's friendly services for young people: accessibility: lack of information and support from the social setting, scarce dissemination of the services, economic cost, non-adapted schedules, inadequate locations or lack of services in settings close to young people; acceptability: lack of protocols to guarantee confidentiality, lack of speed in the provision of services or their referral, unwelcoming environments or unsympathetic professional malpractice; equity: discriminatory professional attitudes towards groups with different social status and lack of protocols to ensure the care of these groups; appropriateness: unmet needs and lack of multidisciplinary teams; and effectiveness: shortage of time, resources, competent professionals, protocols and coordination. Conclusions: Strategies are needed to make the necessary changes to promote friendly services for the care of young people exposed to IPV. Additionally, it must be emphasized that resources are needed to raise awareness and disseminate IPV services, as well as to train professionals in this area. Patient or Public Contribution: This paper is based on professionals' perspectives of public IPV-related services of different areas such as Psychology, Social Work, Nursing, Psychiatry, Social Education and young women exposed to IPV. They either work in the public administration at the local, regional or state level or in NGOs in Spain.This study was funded by the Health Institute Carlos III (Ref. PI17CIII/00022)

El flujo de caja y su relación con la liquidez en la Empresa HRG Constructora SRL, Trujillo 2021

El Flujo de Caja es un resumen de ingresos y gastos de la empresa donde la Liquidez mide en porcentaje su rendimiento. El objetivo general fue determinar qué relación existe entre el Flujo de Caja con la Liquidez de la empresa HRG Constructora SRL, Trujillo 2021. La parte metodológica usada consistió en diseño no experimental y de corte transversal, con la población de todos los documentos del área de contabilidad y Caja. El enfoque fue cuantitativo y el diseño no experimental correlacional – descriptivo, como muestra a la empresa HRG Constructora SRL, Para la medición de las variables se aplicó una entrevista a 2 personas, cuyas respuestas se constataron con los documentos. Se obtuvo como resultado general que existe relación directa entre el flujo caja y la liquidez en la empresa HRG Constructora SRL. Concluyendo así que el Flujo Caja al realizar las cobranzas respectivas puede elevar los índices de Liquidez

Análisis de la narrativa transmedia de la campaña Queremos ser vistas Lima 2020

La presente investigación se centró en analizar cómo se presenta la Narrativa Transmedia en la campaña Queremos ser vistas Lima 2020, se tomó como referencia para este trabajo, la teoría de la comunicación digital interactivas y la teoría del interaccionismo simbólico. El enfoque utilizado fue el cualitativo, tipo aplicada, fue un estudio de caso. Se analizó la narrativa transmedia mediante fichas de observación,la cual se aplicó a cinco publicaciones que se encontraban en diferentes plataformas digitales y que comprobaron el supuesto teórico. En conclusión, se demostró que la historia de la campaña Queremos ser vistas se despliega a través de múltiples medios y plataformas de comunicación de manera clara ya que se presenta gran interés de ser una estrategia comunicacional que cumple la publicidad, expansión y visibilización de la campaña

Seismic vulnerability and damage assessment in Navarre (NE Spain)

A regional characterization of the seismic vulnerability of the building stock of Navarre (Northern Spain) and the expected damage associated with expected ground shaking for a 475-year return period is presented. Besides the initial planning meetings, the work consists on three phases: The first is the field work conducted along different routes crossing the entire region, including main cities. Two geographical areas with distinctive construction patterns and characteristic typologies were recognised and delimited, together with a transition zone. Several buildings were sampled and documented, and empirical vulnerability distributions were obtained. The second phase relates to cadastral data exploitation and processing, selection of parcels as working units and selection of municipalities and districts as representation units. Based on the age of construction and the associated seismic code requirements; the number of stories; and the empirical distributions derived in the earlier stage, statistical distributions of building vulnerability classes were composed following three vulnerability classifications. These include the vulnerability classification of the European Macroseismic Scale, the vulnerability index approach and the Hazus classification. This phase was as important as time-consuming, and set the basis for the proper development of the subsequent analyses. The third phase consisted on calculating the expected damage with empirical as well as with analytical methods, using as seismic input an updated hazard-consistent seismic intensity map of the region. Vulnerability and damage results derived with the three methods used are compared and analysed, and their suitability discussed. Results of this work will be used in the regional seismic risk plan of Navarre (RISNA Project