Characteristics and costs of electric scooter injuries in Helsinki : a retrospective cohort study

Background and purpose The incidence of electric scooter (e-scooter) injuries has increased drastically in numerous countries after widespread availability of shared e-scooters. The economic impact on society from a broader perspective has not been studied. We aimed to estimate the incidence of e-scooter injuries, describe the injury patterns, and estimate the costs of e-scooter injuries. Patients and methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study including all e-scooter-related injuries presented in the three adult emergency departments in Helsinki in 2021. We collected the patient data from the university hospital information system. Injury severity was evaluated based on the Abbreviated Injury Score. The cost of the hospital treatment was analyzed based on our hospital district's service price listing. In addition, we recorded the total amount of sick leave days and estimated their economic impact. Results In total, 446 e-scooter injuries were identified and taken into the analysis (434 affecting riders and 12 non-riders). The median age of the patients was 26 (IQR 22-33), and 59% were male. 257 (58%) of the of the injuries were minor, whereas 155 (35%) were moderate, 30 (7%) serious, 3 (0.7%) severe, and one (0.2%) critical. Furthermore, 220 (49%) of the patients sustained head injuries. A major spike in accident incidence was seen during the weekend (Friday to Sunday) nights, accompanied by a proportional increase in patients with alcohol intoxication. Including both the costs of the hospital care and absence from work, the approximated total cost of e-scooter injuries was 1.7 million euros, with a median cost of a single accident being 1148 euros (IQR 399-4263 euro). Interpretation: Considerable number of the injuries are moderate, severe, or worse. Comprehensive preventive measures must be conducted to decrease the incidence of e-scooter injuries. The use of helmets should be strongly encouraged to prevent severe head injuries. The nighttime bans during weekends and speed limits on e-scooters appear to be justifiable.Peer reviewe

A longitudinal plasma lipidomics dataset from children who developed islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes

Early prediction and prevention of type 1 diabetes (T1D) are currently unmet medical needs. Previous metabolomics studies suggest that children who develop T1D are characterised by a distinct metabolic profile already detectable during infancy, prior to the onset of islet autoimmunity. However, the specificity of persistent metabolic disturbances in relation T1D development has not yet been established. Here, we report a longitudinal plasma lipidomics dataset from (1) 40 children who progressed to T1D during follow-up, (2) 40 children who developed single islet autoantibody but did not develop T1D and (3) 40 matched controls (6 time points: 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months of age). This dataset may help other researchers in studying age-dependent progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D as well as of the age-dependence of lipidomic profiles in general. Alternatively, this dataset could more broadly used for the development of methods for the analysis of longitudinal multivariate data.Peer reviewe

Cord-Blood Lipidome in Progression to Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes

Previous studies suggest that children who progress to type 1 diabetes (T1D) later in life already have an altered serum lipid molecular profile at birth. Here, we compared cord blood lipidome across the three study groups: children who progressed to T1D (PT1D; n = 30), children who developed at least one islet autoantibody but did not progress to T1D during the follow-up (P1Ab; n = 33), and their age-matched controls (CTR; n = 38). We found that phospholipids, specifically sphingomyelins, were lower in T1D progressors when compared to P1Ab and the CTR. Cholesterol esters remained higher in PT1D when compared to other groups. A signature comprising five lipids was predictive of the risk of progression to T1D, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.83. Our findings provide further evidence that the lipidomic profiles of newborn infants who progress to T1D later in life are different from lipidomic profiles in P1Ab and CTR

Cord-Blood Lipidome in Progression to Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes

Previous studies suggest that children who progress to type 1 diabetes (T1D) later in life already have an altered serum lipid molecular profile at birth. Here, we compared cord blood lipidome across the three study groups: children who progressed to T1D (PT1D; n = 30), children who developed at least one islet autoantibody but did not progress to T1D during the follow-up (P1Ab; n = 33), and their age-matched controls (CTR; n = 38). We found that phospholipids, specifically sphingomyelins, were lower in T1D progressors when compared to P1Ab and the CTR. Cholesterol esters remained higher in PT1D when compared to other groups. A signature comprising five lipids was predictive of the risk of progression to T1D, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.83. Our findings provide further evidence that the lipidomic profiles of newborn infants who progress to T1D later in life are different from lipidomic profiles in P1Ab and CTR

Cord-Blood Lipidome in Progression to Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes

Previous studies suggest that children who progress to type 1 diabetes (T1D) later in life already have an altered serum lipid molecular profile at birth. Here, we compared cord blood lipidome across the three study groups: children who progressed to T1D (PT1D; n = 30), children who developed at least one islet autoantibody but did not progress to T1D during the follow-up (P1Ab; n = 33), and their age-matched controls (CTR; n = 38). We found that phospholipids, specifically sphingomyelins, were lower in T1D progressors when compared to P1Ab and the CTR. Cholesterol esters remained higher in PT1D when compared to other groups. A signature comprising five lipids was predictive of the risk of progression to T1D, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.83. Our findings provide further evidence that the lipidomic profiles of newborn infants who progress to T1D later in life are different from lipidomic profiles in P1Ab and CTR.Peer reviewe

Dynamics of Plasma Lipidome in Progression to Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes - Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Study (DIPP)

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases among children in Western countries. Earlier metabolomics studies suggest that T1D is preceded by dysregulation of lipid metabolism. Here we used a lipidomics approach to analyze molecular lipids in a prospective series of 428 plasma samples from 40 children who progressed to T1D (PT1D), 40 children who developed at least a single islet autoantibody but did not progress to T1D during the follow-up (P1Ab) and 40 matched controls (CTR). Sphingomyelins were found to be persistently downregulated in PT1D when compared to the P1Ab and CTR groups. Triacylglycerols and phosphatidylcholines were mainly downregulated in PT1D as compared to P1Ab at the age of 3 months. Our study suggests that distinct lipidomic signatures characterize children who progressed to islet autoimmunity or overt T1D, which may be helpful in the identification of at-risk children before the initiation of autoimmunity

Cord-Blood Lipidome in Progression to Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes

Previous studies suggest that children who progress to type 1 diabetes (T1D) later in life already have an altered serum lipid molecular profile at birth. Here, we compared cord blood lipidome across the three study groups: children who progressed to T1D (PT1D; n = 30), children who developed at least one islet autoantibody but did not progress to T1D during the follow-up (P1Ab; n = 33), and their age-matched controls (CTR; n = 38). We found that phospholipids, specifically sphingomyelins, were lower in T1D progressors when compared to P1Ab and the CTR. Cholesterol esters remained higher in PT1D when compared to other groups. A signature comprising five lipids was predictive of the risk of progression to T1D, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.83. Our findings provide further evidence that the lipidomic profiles of newborn infants who progress to T1D later in life are different from lipidomic profiles in P1Ab and CTR

Parental occupational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and male genital malformations: A study in the danish national birth cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Sex hormones closely regulate development of the male genital organs during fetal life. The hypothesis that xenobiotics may disrupt endogenous hormonal signalling has received considerable scientific attention, but human evidence is scarce.</p> <p>Objectives</p> <p>We analyse occurrence of hypospadias and cryptorchidism according to maternal and paternal occupational exposure to possible endocrine disrupting chemicals.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We conducted a follow-up study of 45,341 male singleton deliveries in the Danish National Birth Cohort during 1997-2009. Information on work during pregnancy was obtained by telephone interviews around gestational week 16. Parents' job titles were classified according to DISCO-88. A job exposure matrix for endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) was implemented to assess occupational exposures. The Medical Birth and National Hospital Register provided data on congenital anomalies diagnosed at birth or during follow-up, which ended in 2009. Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) were obtained from Cox regression models.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Among all pregnancies, 6.3% were classified as possibly or probably exposed to EDCs. The most prevalent occupations conferring possible exposure were cleaners, laboratory technicians, hairdressers and agricultural workers (58% of all potentially exposed). The final cumulative incidence of cryptorchidism in boys was 2.2% (1002 cases), and of hypospadias 0.6% (262 cases). The occurrence of hypospadias increased when mothers were probably [HRa = 1.8 (95% CI 1.0-2.6)] or possibly exposed to one or more EDCs [HRa = 2.6 (95% CI 1.8-3.4). Possible paternal exposure to heavy metals increased the risk of hypospadias [HRa 2.2 (95% CI: 1.0-3.4)] and cryptorchidism [HRa 1.9 (95% CI: 1.1-2.7)]. None of the exposure groups reached statistical significance.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The study provides some but limited evidence that occupational exposure to possible endocrine disrupting chemicals during pregnancy increases the risk of hypospadias.</p

Asiakastyytyväisyystutkimus Tapas Bar Café Olé Oy:lle

Tämän opinnäytetyön aiheena oli asiakastyytyväisyystutkimus Seinäjoella sijaitsevalle Tapas Bar Café Olé Oy:lle. Asiakastyytyväisyystutkimuksessa selvitettiin asiakkaiden tyytyväisyyttä yritykseen. Tutkimuksen tavoitteina oli perehtyä palvelun laatuun, asiakaspalveluun ja asiakastyytyväisyyteen. Asiakastyytyväisyyskyselyssä pyydettiin asiakkaita arvioimaan muun muassa kahvilan tuotteita, asiakaspalvelun laatua sekä kahvilan viihtyisyyttä. Teoriaosuudessa käsiteltiin asiakaspalvelua, millaiset asiat vaikuttavat palvelun laatuun sekä asiakastyytyväisyyteen. Tutkimus toteutettiin kvantitatiivisena tutkimuksena alkuvuodesta 2015. Aineisto kerättiin kahvilassa kyselylomakkeilla ja vastauksia saatiin 59 kappaletta. Aineiston vastaukset kirjattiin SPSS-tilastointiohjelmaan, jonka avulla tehtiin yhteenvedot tuloksista. Erilaiset kuviot ja taulukot havainnollistivat asiakkaiden mielipiteitä. Niiden avulla sai nopeasti käsityksen asiakastyytyväisyydestä. Keskeisten tutkimustulosten perusteella kahvilaan oltiin hyvin tyytyväisiä ja tutkimustulokset olivat positiivisia. Tapas Bar Café Olé koettiin tunnelmansa vuoksi ainutlaatuiseksi Seinäjoen kahviloiden joukossa. Kahvila erottui myös erittäin hyvällä palvelullaan. Asiat, joissa asiakkaiden mielestä olisi kehitettävää olivat aukioloajat ja makeiden tuotteiden valikoima.The focus of this thesis was on the implementation of a customer service survey for Tapas Bar Café Olé in the city of Seinäjoki. The customer service survey was conducted to find out the customers’ satisfaction with the company. The customers were asked to evaluate, among other things, the products, customer service and the cosiness of the café. The theoretical part discusses customer service, i.e. what matters influence the quality of service and customer satisfaction. In the customer satisfaction inquiry, the interviewees were asked to estimate the products of the café, its customer service and how they experienced the atmosphere of the café. The study was carried out at the beginning of 2015. The study was quantitative and the data was collected with a questionnaire in the café. A total of 59 responses were obtained. The data was processed with the SPSS statistics program to obtain summaries of the results. Different kinds of figures and tables were made to illustrate the results. The results of the customer service survey for Tapas Bar Café Olé were very positive, and the customers were delighted to have such a café in Seinäjoki. The customers thought the café to be unique. The café was distinguished with its extremely good service. In the customers’ opinion, the matters that should be improved were the opening hours and the selection of sweet products

Dynamics of Plasma Lipidome in Progression to Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes - Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Study (DIPP)

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases among children in Western countries. Earlier metabolomics studies suggest that T1D is preceded by dysregulation of lipid metabolism. Here we used a lipidomics approach to analyze molecular lipids in a prospective series of 428 plasma samples from 40 children who progressed to T1D (PT1D), 40 children who developed at least a single islet autoantibody but did not progress to T1D during the follow-up (P1Ab) and 40 matched controls (CTR). Sphingomyelins were found to be persistently downregulated in PT1D when compared to the P1Ab and CTR groups. Triacylglycerols and phosphatidylcholines were mainly downregulated in PT1D as compared to P1Ab at the age of 3 months. Our study suggests that distinct lipidomic signatures characterize children who progressed to islet autoimmunity or overt T1D, which may be helpful in the identification of at-risk children before the initiation of autoimmunity.Peer reviewe