9 research outputs found
Il Medico Competente e le vaccinazioni nel settore della sanità. Evidenze scientifiche e buone prassi
Evidences and good medical practices. Biohazard in healthcare settings is an issue for Occupational Physician (OP), owing to the potential relevant adverse effects for health care workers (HCW) and for the non complete effectiveness of primary prevention. Vaccination represents an effective tool to minimize risk of occupational and nosocomial transmission for many relevant communicable diseases. Implementation of vaccination campaigns may however present some critical aspects. The present study evaluates available scientific evidences and reports an Italian multicenter study (9 Hospitals, 3200 HCW), suggesting good medical practices in vaccination, while highlighting the role of the OP in a multidisciplinary context
Il medico competente e le vaccinazioni nel settore della sanità. Evidenze scientifiche e buone prassi
Evidences and good medical practices. Biohazard in healthcare settings is an issue for Occupational Physician (OP), owing to the potential relevant adverse effects for health care workers (HCW) and for the non complete effectiveness of primary prevention. Vaccination represents an effective tool to minimize risk of occupational and nosocomial transmission for many relevant communicable diseases. Implementation of vaccination campaigns may however present some critical aspects. The present study evaluates available scientific evidences and reports an Italian multicenter study (9 Hospitals, 3200 HCW), suggesting good medical practices in vaccination, while highlighting the role of the OP in a multidisciplinary context
La tubercolosi. Focus sulla valutazione del rischio e la sorveglianza sanitaria dei lavoratori della sanit\ue0: risultati e prospettive di un gruppo di lavoro multicentrico
Introduction. Tuberculosis (TB) is still a threat
for healthcare workers (HCW), due to the non decreasing
incidence, the spread of drug-resistance, the introduction of new
tests for the screening, the relevant costs of surveillance of
exposed subjects. These issues implicate a revision of activities
to prevent TB in health-care settings.
Methods. A multidisciplinary working group, led by occupational
physicians, examined the activities to prevent TB performed in 9
Italian hospitals and reviewed the literature, with the aim to
formulate evidence-based procedures.
Results. In the considered hospitals, 23.000 HCW are classified
as exposed to TB, out of 32.000 HCW exposed to biological
risks; yearly, about 6000 subjects are screened for preventive,
periodical or post-exposure surveillance and 110-130
chemoprophylaxis are prescribed. A high poportion of HCW
(54-75%) refused or interrupt to assume the drugs. In the
period 2004-2008, 14 occupational TB were diagnosed
(9/100.000 HCW exposed to biological risks).
Discussion. Critical issues are the availability of a specific,
written TB control plan, including risk assessment, protocols
for identifying, evaluating, managing infectious TB patients,
health surveillance, education programs, specifically addressed
to increase Standard Precaution adoption and compliance to the
screening and to adequate risk perception. Risk assessment
identify HCW to be included in TB testing (characterized by low
positive predictive value), unrecognized TB and environmental
control needed; TB risk classification should include no more
than 3 or 4 classes and performed by assessing the issues
suggested in the Italian guideline. Tubercolin skin test should
be used for HCW screening, adding in vitro test in specific
circumstances (for example, skin test positivity in BCG vaccinated
HCW); the frequency of the screening should not exceed 2 years.
Periodical revision of preventive activities should follow up to
date scientific literature and need appropriate data computin
[Tuberculosis. Focus on risk assessment and health surveillance in health workers: results and perspectives of a multicenter working group]
Tuberculosis (TB) is still a threat for healthcare workers (HCW), due to the non decreasing incidence, the spread of drug-resistance, the introduction of new tests for the screening, the relevant costs of surveillance of exposed subjects. These issues implicate a revision of activities to prevent TB in health-care settings
Heroin intoxication in a dog
peer reviewedAn 11-month-old intact male boxer cross was presented unconscious following oral heroin consumption. At home, intramuscular naloxone given by the owner showed no obvious improvements. Intravenous naloxone given in the hospital quickly reversed the clinical signs. The owners were not able to afford hospitalisation and the animal was discharged against medical advice. No signs of rebound opioid toxicity were reported. This case report describes the clinical presentation and treatment of a case of heroin intoxication in a dog