87 research outputs found

    Le consortium intermunicipal : un dispositif efficace de gouvernance territoriale?: le cas d'une expérience dans le Nordeste du Brésil.

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    Contexto territorial de quatro município do estado de Pernambuco e Piauí; Mobilização e Conscientização: um território em construção; Projeto territorial

    Neorealism: unifying cognition and environment

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    APA ProofsRecent trends in psychology have revealed increasing discontent toward representational explanations of behavior. However, whether these trends have the conceptual resources to address the full range of cognitive phenomena remains unclear. Here, I defend neorealism (Holt, 1914) as the missing philosophical link between radically embodied cognitive science and a more encompassing psychology. Neorealism identifies cognitive contents, however subjective or unreal in appearance, with portions or cross sections of the objective environment. These portions are extended in time and they sustain causal and historical relations to current behavior. I sketch how neorealist concepts can help psychologists to address phenomena such as dreams and imagery in fully environmental terms

    Plasma polymerization of cyclopropylamine in a low-pressure cylindrical magnetron reactor: A PIC-MC study of the roles of ions and radicals

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    A study of plasma polymerization of cyclopropylamine in a low-pressure cylindrical magnetron reactor is presented. Both experimental and numerical approaches are used to investigate thin film growth mechanisms and polymer film properties depending on the magnetic field strength. Combining both approaches enables the consistency of the numerical model to be checked while acquiring data for understanding the observed phenomena. Samples are first analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, and ion beam analysis to illustrate the differences in degrees of chemical functionalization and cross-linking between the regions of high and low magnetic fields. 3D particle-in-cell Monte Carlo collision simulations are then performed to shed light on experimental results, after implementing a set of electron-cyclopropylamine collision cross sections computed using the R-matrix method. The simulations enable the main radicals produced in the discharge to be tracked by determining their production rates, how they diffuse in the plasma, and how they absorb on the reactor walls. Additionally, the cyclopropylamine ion (C₃H₇N⁺) behavior is followed to bring insights into the respective roles of ions and radicals during the plasma polymerization process

    Le développement territorial durable : le cas d'une expérience dans le Nordeste du Brésil.

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    Cette communication traite d'une expérience de recherche-action de développement territorial durable au niveau du territoire du Alto Sertão du Oiaui et du Pernambuco dans le Nordeste du Brésil

    Barragem subterrânea: II - Oficina de intercâmbio, uma busca de objetos de experimentação-agenda de pesquisa para Pernambuco, Paraíba e Bahia.

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    A Embrapa Semi-Árido desenvolve um Projeto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento que tem por finalidade estudar alternativas de manejo de solo e água em sistema de cultivos explorados em barragem subterrânea (BS), bem como, favorecer o processo de irradiação da BS por meio da valorização dos espaços de experimentação científica com envolvimento de pesquisadores, agricultores e ONG's. Neste contexto, visando atingir os objetivos propostos pelo Projeto, três ações de Pesquisas foram elaboradas. Ação de Pesquisa 1 - Monitoramento de BS instaladas em áreas de produtor, através da aplicação de questionários, com o objetivo de diagnosticar as causas do sucesso ou não desta tecnologia; Ação de Pesquisa 2 - Implantação de Unidades Demonstrativas (UD's), visando implementação de ações de transferência de tecnologia através de Campos de Aprendizagem Tecnológica (CAT's); Açaão de Pesquisa 3 - Manejo de solo, água e planta em BS, com o intuito de definir alguns parâmetros para avaliar o potencial da BS e medir seu impacto na propriedade, conseqüentemente na qualidade de vida do agricultor. Em maio de 2004 o projeto foi iniciado com a realização de um Workshop, de Gestão do Projeto, na Embrapa Semi-Árido, com a participação de toda a equipe, inclusive das Instituições Parceiras, para discutir e definir as metodologias que estão sendo utilizadas na capacitação/sensibilização dos agricultores e nos temas de pesquisa a serem estudados. Neste evento foram estabelecidas, datas de quatro oficinas, três de intercâmbio e uma de coordenação e programação, assim como a aplicação de um questionário visando diagnóstico para determinação do "marco zero". Na estratégia adotada pelo projeto, a abordagem participativa da geração e disseminação de avaliação do arranjo produtivo dos agroecossistemas e o desenvolvimento tecnológico interagem entre si numa relação de complementaridade e retroalimentação. Os agricultores, empresas públicas e ONG's juntos estão delineando sugestões de temas de pesquisa e de políticas públicas que favoreçam o desenvolvimento e a irradiação da barragem subterrânea no Semi-Árido do Brasil. Contribuindo com a formação de agentes multiplicadores/agricultores - experimentadors, demonstrando na prática o potencial do emprego do enfoque sistêmico na articulação de pesquisadores e técnicos com agricultores no processo investigativo

    A abordagem territorial nas atividades de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento & Inovação da Embrapa Semiárido.

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    A primeira parte deste capítulo apresenta a evolução da pesquisa na abordagem territorial. A segunda parte apresenta duas experiencias de PD & I voltadas para o desenvolvimento territorial no semiárido dos Estados Piaui, Pernambuco e Bahia, focados em apoio técnico à produção e a gestão da informação

    A experiência e os resultados do Núcleo Piloto de Informação e Gestão Tecnológica para a Agricultura Familiar do Território do Sisal no Sertão da Bahia.

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    Introdução. Território do Sisal: um território da pecuária. Demanda em tecnologia e o dispositivo de apoio tecnológico. Principais experiências e resultados da Embrapa e seus parceiros. Difusão e promoção de tecnologia. Apoio a gestão do agronegócio associativo e inovativo. Agência de informação.bitstream/item/201355/1/A-experiencia-e-os-resultados-do-Nucleo-Piloto-de-Informacao-e-Gestao-Tecnologica-para-aAgricultura-Familiar-do-Territorio-do-Sisalno-sertao-da-Bahia.pd

    Predictive coding and representationalism

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    According to the predictive coding theory of cognition (PCT), brains are predictive machines that use perception and action to minimize prediction error, i.e. the discrepancy between bottom–up, externally-generated sensory signals and top–down, internally-generated sensory predictions. Many consider PCT to have an explanatory scope that is unparalleled in contemporary cognitive science and see in it a framework that could potentially provide us with a unified account of cognition. It is also commonly assumed that PCT is a representational theory of sorts, in the sense that it postulates that our cognitive contact with the world is mediated by internal representations. However, the exact sense in which PCT is representational remains unclear; neither is it clear that it deserves such status—that is, whether it really invokes structures that are truly and nontrivially representational in nature. In the present article, I argue that the representational pretensions of PCT are completely justified. This is because the theory postulates cognitive structures—namely action-guiding, detachable, structural models that afford representational error detection—that play genuinely representational functions within the cognitive system

    Integrative Annotation of 21,037 Human Genes Validated by Full-Length cDNA Clones

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    The human genome sequence defines our inherent biological potential; the realization of the biology encoded therein requires knowledge of the function of each gene. Currently, our knowledge in this area is still limited. Several lines of investigation have been used to elucidate the structure and function of the genes in the human genome. Even so, gene prediction remains a difficult task, as the varieties of transcripts of a gene may vary to a great extent. We thus performed an exhaustive integrative characterization of 41,118 full-length cDNAs that capture the gene transcripts as complete functional cassettes, providing an unequivocal report of structural and functional diversity at the gene level. Our international collaboration has validated 21,037 human gene candidates by analysis of high-quality full-length cDNA clones through curation using unified criteria. This led to the identification of 5,155 new gene candidates. It also manifested the most reliable way to control the quality of the cDNA clones. We have developed a human gene database, called the H-Invitational Database (H-InvDB; http://www.h-invitational.jp/). It provides the following: integrative annotation of human genes, description of gene structures, details of novel alternative splicing isoforms, non-protein-coding RNAs, functional domains, subcellular localizations, metabolic pathways, predictions of protein three-dimensional structure, mapping of known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), identification of polymorphic microsatellite repeats within human genes, and comparative results with mouse full-length cDNAs. The H-InvDB analysis has shown that up to 4% of the human genome sequence (National Center for Biotechnology Information build 34 assembly) may contain misassembled or missing regions. We found that 6.5% of the human gene candidates (1,377 loci) did not have a good protein-coding open reading frame, of which 296 loci are strong candidates for non-protein-coding RNA genes. In addition, among 72,027 uniquely mapped SNPs and insertions/deletions localized within human genes, 13,215 nonsynonymous SNPs, 315 nonsense SNPs, and 452 indels occurred in coding regions. Together with 25 polymorphic microsatellite repeats present in coding regions, they may alter protein structure, causing phenotypic effects or resulting in disease. The H-InvDB platform represents a substantial contribution to resources needed for the exploration of human biology and pathology
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