CCKレポーター雄マウスのI細胞内での栄養素感知に関わる分子の遺伝子発現

京都大学新制・課程博士博士(医学)甲第23088号医博第4715号新制||医||1050(附属図書館)京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻(主査)教授 柳田 素子, 教授 岩田 想, 教授 浅野 雅秀学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Medical ScienceKyoto UniversityDFA

Lack of inhibition of carrot colchicine binding activity by podophyllotoxin

AbstractThe binding of [3H]colchicine to carrot cell extract was not inhibited by an excess amount of podophyllotoxin. Under the same experimental condition, porcine brain tubulin almost completely lost its [3H]colchicine binding activity. The components in the carrot cell extract did not affect the interaction of brain tubulin and podophyllotoxin

Ocular Pathology of Fukuyama Congenital Muscular Dystrophy

Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD) is one of the congenital muscular dystrophies, showing central nervous system (CNS) and ocular lesions, in addition to muscular dystrophy. It is included in α-dystroglycanopathy, an entity of muscular dystrophies caused by reduced glycosylation of α-dystroglycan (α-DG). Studies of ocular lesions are not so many, compared with those of the muscle and CNS. Clinical ocular manifestations are myopia, strabismus, retinal detachment, and so on. Since the retina has a structure partly resembling the cerebral cortex, pathological findings similar to those found in the brain have been reported. The major observation considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of retinal lesions is abnormalities in the internal limiting membrane formed by Müller cells, which is corresponding to the glia limitans formed by astrocytes in the brain. Fukutin, responsible for FCMD, and α-DG are expressed in Müller cells. Moreover, fukutin may be involved in synaptic functions of retinal neurons through the glycosylation of α-DG. In this chapter, ocular lesions of fetal and child FCMD patients are presented, especially focusing on pathological findings of the retina, and functions of fukutin are discussed

Alpha1-chimaerin, a Rac1 GTPase-activating protein, is expressed at reduced mRNA levels in the brain of Alzheimer\u27s disease patients.

Alpha1-chimaerin is a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for Rac1, a member of the Rho small GTPase family, whose action leads to the inactivation of Rac1. Rac1 activity is upregulated in Alzheimer\u27s disease, but little is known about the role of α1-chimaerin. In this study, we investigated the expression and localization of α1-chimaerin mRNA in postmortem human brains from patients with Alzheimer\u27s disease and control subjects. In situ hybridization studies demonstrated that α1-chimaerin was expressed by neurons in the neo-cortex of the temporal lobe and the hippocampus of both controls and Alzheimer\u27s disease cases, with the signal intensity dramatically decreased in patients with Alzheimer\u27s disease. Real-time PCR analysis confirmed a significant reduction of α1-chimaerin mRNA expression in the temporal cortex of Alzheimer\u27s disease cases. In contrast, α2-chimaerin mRNA levels showed no significant difference between the groups. The present study showed reduced α1-chimaerin expression in the brain of Alzheimer\u27s disease cases, suggesting a role in the upregulation of Rac1 activity during the disease process.滋賀医科大学平成27年

Distribution of Major Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Types and Exfoliative Toxin Genes in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Strains from Dogs with Superficial Pyoderma in Japan

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a major pathogen of canine pyoderma, known to produce exfoliative toxins that could be involved in formation of cutaneous lesions. To understand the genotypic distribution of S. pseudintermedius, we surveyed 74 dogs with pyoderma in three veterinary hospitals in Japan. Seventy-four S. pseudintermedius strains were isolated, 52 of which (70.3%) were mecA-positive methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP). Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing of the identified MRSP strains revealed that the most prevalent genotype was type III-like (63.4%) followed by type V (34.6%). These data suggest high prevalence of MRSP strains consisting of two major SCCmec types among canine pyoderma in Japan. We found low prevalence of exfoliative toxin genes (exp) in the MRSP strains: expA and expB were present in 1.9% and 0%, respectively. These findings suggest no association in carriage between mecA and exp genes in S. pseudintermedius from canine pyoderma

Development of a spectro-electrochemical cell for soft X-ray photon-in photon-out spectroscopy

We developed a spectro-electrochemical cell for X-ray absorption and X-ray emission spectroscopy, which are element-specific methods to study local electronic structures in the soft X-ray region. In the usual electrochemical measurement setup, the electrode is placed in solution, and the surface/interface region of the electrode is not normally accessible by soft X-rays that have low penetration depth in liquids. To realize soft X-ray observation of electrochemical reactions, a 15-nm-thick Pt layer was deposited on a 150-nm-thick film window with an adhesive 3-nm-thick Ti layer for use as both the working electrode and the separator window between vacuum and a sample liquid under atmospheric pressure. The designed three-electrode electrochemical cell consists of a Pt film on a SiC window, a platinized Pt wire, and a commercial Ag|AgCl electrode as the working, counter, and reference electrodes, respectively. The functionality of the cell was tested by cyclic voltammetry and X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy. As a demonstration, the electroplating of Pb on the Pt/SiC membrane window was measured by X-ray absorption and real-time monitoring of fluorescence intensity at the O 1s excitation

The Role of Echocardiography in the Management of Patients Undergoing a Ventricular Assist Device Implantation and/or Transplantation

Heart transplantation (HTx) is a curative treatment for patients with advanced heart failure (HF); however, since transplant opportunities are severely limited due to donor shortage, the left ventricular assist device (LVAD) has become a standard therapy for patients awaiting HTx. The role of echocardiography as a primary imaging modality to monitor the allograft function in transplant recipients as well as to optimize LVAD settings in LVAD recipients has been expanding. The purpose of this review is to highlight the clinical role of echocardiography in the management of patients undergoing LVAD implantation and/or HTx. In particular, we overview (1) how to detect LVAD malfunction and device-associated complication in LVAD recipients and (2) echocardiographic assessments of cardiac allograft rejection in transplant recipients