Urban territorial restructuring : a balance of a decade of application of the rehabilitation program of neighborhoods : from neighborhood management towards eco-neighborhood governance

Los progresivos cambios desde un enfoque disciplinar a uno sistémico implica el desafío de profundizar en la articulación de avances provenientes de diversas disciplinas que coexisten en un territorio común. De allí es que el plantear el reordenamiento territorial de las preexistencias y sus problemas se traduce en un desafío disciplinar que implica focalizar la gobernanza de territorios urbanos a escala local de manera de encontrar aquellas variables irreductibles que permitan rehabilitar comunidades en progresivo deterioro, profundizar en estrategias de regeneración del tejido social vulnerado y proponer directrices de trabajo validadas desde la praxis de manera de disminuir la incertidumbre actual en la toma de decisiones a escala local. Solo de esta manera, se puede lograr avances efectivos en la sustentabilidad urbana. La experiencia chilena del Programa de Rehabilitación de Barrios, desarrollada durante la última década por el Ministerio de Vivienda y Urbanismo, desde la condición base de vulnerabilidad permite reconocer aspectos esenciales en la dimensión política del Ordenamiento Territorial.The progressive changes from a disciplinary approach to a systemic one imply the challenge of deepening the articulation of advances coming from diverse disciplines that coexist in a common territory. Proposing territorial restructuring of the pre-existences and their problems means a disciplinary challenge that implies focusing the governance of urban territories at a local level in order to find those irreducible variables that allow the rehabilitation of communities in progressive deterioration, to deepen strategies of regeneration of the damaged social structure, and to propose work guidelines validated from the praxis in order to reduce the current uncertainty in decision making at the local level. Only in this way can effective progress be made in urban sustainability. The Chilean experience of the Neighborhood Rehabilitation Program developed during the last decade by the Housing and Urban Development Department, from the base condition of vulnerability allows to recognize essential aspects in the political dimension of Land-use Planning.Fil: Pino N., Eliana. Santiago de Chile (Chile). Universidad Tecnológica MetropolitanaFil: Yurisch, Telye. Santiago de Chile (Chile). Universidad Tecnológica MetropolitanaFil: Silva, Christopher. Santiago de Chile (Chile). Universidad Tecnológica MetropolitanaFil: Toledo, Cristopher. Santiago de Chile (Chile). Universidad Tecnológica MetropolitanaFil: Ahumada G., Néstor. Santiago de Chile (Chile). Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitan

Acidified milk for feeding dairy calves in tropical raising systems

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of milk acidification in tropical climate conditions on dairy calves’ growth, health and selected blood metabolites. Thirty-two Holstein calves were blocked according to sex, birth date and weight, and distributed to the following treatments: 1. refrigerated milk kept at 5 °C (RM) or 2. acidified milk (with added lactic acid to a pH of 4.2) kept at ambient temperature (ACM). After birth, calves were fed colostrum and from the second day received 6 l/day of RM or ACM heated to 38 °C until weaning at day 56. Calves were individually housed with free access to water and starter diet. Feed intake and health problems were monitored daily; calves were weighed and measured weekly. Blood samples were collected weekly to evaluate the levels of metabolites. Feed intake, body weight and daily gain did not differ between treatments, but heart girth and wither height was higher for animals fed RM. The faecal score was lower for RM group, however in calves fed ACM it also did not suggest a diarrheal process (1.98). In addition, the first case of diarrhoea in calves fed ACM was later than in calves fed RM (15.4 vs 8.6 days, respectively; P < 0.01). So, the acidification of milk is an adequate method of preserving milk in tropical ambient temperatures. It resulted in health benefits to calves, delaying the first case of diarrhoea.Fil: Coelho, M. G.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; BrasilFil: Silva, F. L. M.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; BrasilFil: Silva, M. D.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; BrasilFil: Silva, A. P.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; BrasilFil: Cezar, A. M.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; BrasilFil: Slanzon, G. S.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; BrasilFil: Miqueo, Evangelina. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Toledo, A. F.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; BrasilFil: Bittar, C. M. M.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; Brasi

Alterations on the evapotranspiration of sugarcane cultivars under distinct salinity levels applied in the fertigation

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of distinct levels of salinity on the evapotranspiration of the RB867515, RB855453, RB92579 and RB928064 sugarcane cultivars. The evapotranspiration was monitored during daytime period under meteorological conditions influenced, mainly by cloud variations. The salinity values were established by addition of 0, 50, 100 and 150 mM of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) to the nutrient solution, which was applied by fertigation, in such way that the electrical conductivity (EC) of the leached solution was near 3, 6, 10 and 13 dS m -1 , respectively. The increase of the NaCl concentration in the nutrient solution affected, significantly and in a linear manner, the evapotranspiration of all sugarcane cultivars, such that the days with low cloud provided the highest evapotranspiration values and the greater reduction among salinity levels. Analysis of the evapotranspiration accumulated during the daytime period showed that there were no significant differences among sugarcane cultivars and that, under the highest atmospheric water demand, the evapotranspiration decreased 48.5 g plant -1 EC -1 . This value represents the average reduction of 5.1% EC -1 when compared to the treatment without NaCl, considering data of all cultivars

Alterações antropogênicas nos remanescentes de vegetação natural (RVN) de savana do estado de São Paulo no ano de 2009.

Deforestation in São Paulo State was mainly driven by sugarcane and coffee crops during the XVIII and XIX centuries which caused a significant fragmentation in native forests. More recently, between the 1970?s and 1980?s decades the native forest fragmentation process was intensified and also the savannah area was drastically reduced due to sugarcane expansion for ethanol production. Much native vegetation was deteriorated and fragmented into smaller disconnected portions during this period. This work was performed within the scope of a technical cooperative agreement between the Environmental Secretary of São Paulo State (SMA) and the National Institute for Space Research (INPE). It consisted in monitoring monthly the land cover changes of 7,000 polygons of remanescent native vegetation (RVN) in the São Paulo State. The environmental assessment of the vegetation cover status was performed based on mesoregions for better discussion of the geographical distribution of the deforested RVN's from May to December 2009. The results showed that Bauru and Ribeirão Preto mesoregions presented the highest land cover changes with 19.4 and 12.1 km², respectively

Laccase activation in deep eutectic solvents

The research on alternative solvents and co-solvents is a relevant aspect when envisioning the improvement of biocatalytic reactions. Among these solvents and co-solvents, deep eutectic solvents (DES) may be considered as customizable new reaction media for biocatalysis. Accordingly, in this work, sixteen DES aqueous solutions, as well as of the individual DES components at the same conditions have been investigated in laccase-catalyzed reactions. Cholinium- and betaine-based DES formed with polyols at different molar ratio and concentrations were evaluated. The results reported show that in presence of most DES the laccase activity is preserved and, with a particular DES, enhanced up to 200%. Molecular docking studies demonstrated that while most DES components establish hydrogen-bonds with the enzyme amino acids, those that establish stronger interactions with the enzyme (expressed by absolute values of docking affinity energies) lead to an enhanced laccase activity. Finally, the laccase stability was evaluated in additional tests under extreme storage temperatures (60 ºC and -80 ºC). Although no significant protection to high temperatures was afforded by DES, an enhanced laccase activity when stored at low temperatures was found, at least up to 20 days. Combining experimental results and molecular docking this work shows that DES can be designed as co-solvents to improve biocatalytic reactions.This work was developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, FCT Ref. UID/CTM/50011/2019, financed by national funds through the FCT/MCTES and within the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031268 - funded by FEDER, through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI), and by national funds (OE), through FCT/MCTES. Mariah L. Toledo acknowledges University of São Paulo (Mobilidade internacional de duração 23especial). Ana P. M. Tavares acknowledges FCT for the Investigator Programme (IF/01634/2015). Matheus M. Pereira acknowledges the PhD grant (2740-13-3) and financial support from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Capes. João P. A. Silva acknowledges the support of FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo-Process Number 2016/06683-0).publishe

Uranyl complexes formed with apara-t-butylcalix[4]arene bearing phosphinoyl pendant arms on the lower rim. Solid and solution studies

The current interest in functionalized calixarenes with phosphorylated pendant arms resides in their coordination ability towards f elements and capability towards actinide/rare earth separation. Uranyl cation forms 1:1 and 1:2 (M:L) complexes with atetra-phosphinoylated p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene, B4bL4: UO2(NO3)2(B4bL4)n· xH2O (n = 1, x = 2, 1; n = 2, x = 6, 2). Spectroscopic data point to the inner coordination sphere of 1 containing one monodentate nitrate anion, one water molecule and the four phosphinoylated arms bound to UO22+ while in 2, uranyl is only coordinated to calixarene ligands. In both cases the U(VI) ion is 8-coordinate. Uranyl complexes display enhanced metal-centred luminescence due to energy transfer from the calixarene ligands; the luminescence decays are bi-exponential with associated lifetimes in the ranges 220μs <τs <250μs and 630μs <τL < 640μs, pointing to the presence of two species with differently coordinated calixarene, as substantiated by aXPS study of U(4f5/2,7/2), O(1s) and P(2p) levels on solid state samples. The extraction study of UO22+ cation and trivalent rare-earth (Y, La, Eu) ions from acidic nitrate media by B4bL4 in chloroform shows the uranyl cation being much more extracted than rare earth

EXPERIÊNCIAS DA RESIDÊNCIA PEDAGÓGICA NA ESCOLA DE TEMPO INTEGRAL CEM-CASTELO BRANCO

O trabalho em tela aborda as experiências das regências aplicadas em uma escola de Ensino Médio, na cidade de Araguaína - TO, que ocorreram no segundo semestre do ano de 2019. Período no qual ocorreu a última fase de regências da Residência Pedagógica de Língua Inglesa. Nas experiências práticas procuramos manter o foco no ensino-aprendizado dos discentes, de forma que, ocorresse uma absorção eficaz dos conteúdos e o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades de língua inglesa. De maneira que, os conteúdos enquadrassem-se com o contexto de vida dos alunos, partindo do local para o global. Ao fim da residência pedagógica, concluímos que enfrentamos situações complexas ao desenvolver as habilidades da docência e temos a satisfação de ter conseguido superar todos esses desafios e acumularmos experiências. &nbsp

An Unprecedented Role Reversal: Ground Beetle Larvae (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Lure Amphibians and Prey upon Them

Amphibians often feed on beetle larvae, including those of ground beetles (Carabidae). Preliminary reports have detailed an unusual trophic interaction in which, in contrast, larvae of the ground beetle Epomis prey upon juvenile and adult amphibians. While it is known that these larvae feed exclusively on amphibians, how the predator-prey encounter occurs to the advantage of the beetle larvae had been unknown to date. Using laboratory observations and controlled experiments, we recorded the feeding behavior of Epomis larvae, as well as the behavior of their amphibian prey. Here we reveal that larvae of two species of Epomis (E. circumscriptus and E. dejeani) lure their potential predator, taking advantage of the amphibian's predation behavior. The Epomis larva combines a sit-and-wait strategy with unique movements of its antennae and mandibles to draw the attention of the amphibian to the presence of a potential prey. The intensity of this enticement increases with decreasing distance between the larva and the amphibian. When the amphibian attacks, the larva almost always manages to avoid the predator's protracted tongue, exploiting the opportunity to attach itself to the amphibian's body and initiate feeding. Our findings suggest that the trophic interaction between Epomis larvae and amphibians is one of the only natural cases of obligatory predator-prey role reversal. Moreover, this interaction involves a small insect larva that successfully lures and preys on a larger vertebrate. Such role reversal is exceptional in the animal world, extending our perspective of co-evolution in the arms race between predator and prey, and suggesting that counterattack defense behavior has evolved into predator-prey role reversal