Questions of Self-Designation in the \u27Ascension of Isaiah\u27

The Question of the \u27Parting of the Ways\u27 between Jews and Christians has become a matter of debate again: Is it really appropriate to speak about two more or less coherent groups going two different ways from a certain point in history — perhaps after Paul\u27s mission, after the destruction of the Second Temple (70 CE), or after the Bar-Kokhba War (132-135 CE)? Does the image of a tree with one root and two different trunks going into two different directions really fit what the extant sources tell us about the complexities of the past? Or shouldn\u27t we distinguish between the situations at different geographical places and times, under different social and political circumstances, and of partly very different groups? Do categories like \u27Jew\u27, \u27Christian\u27, or \u27pagan\u27 help us to understand how real people and real groups understood themselves? Of course, we have to use \u27categories\u27 if we want to describe the past – we should, however, always be aware that our categories are likely not the categories of people living hundreds of years ago, and that, in any case, they are only heuristic tools which can even impede proper understanding, if we use them too schematically. Description of book from publisher\u27s websites: This book is one of the first modern collections of studies on important aspects of the Ascension of Isaiah, which occupies a special place among the early Christian writings due to its complicated origin and its relevance in regards of the early Christian self-understanding in respect of the Jews

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Bakgrund: Företagsförvärv är sedan länge en vanligt förekommande företeelse i företagens tillväxt, vilket bland annat medfört att redovisning av goodwill varit ett flitigt diskuterat ämne. I och med införandet av EUs 4:e direktiv utformar samtliga de i EU noterade bolag från och med 1 juni 2005 sin finansiella rapportering enligt IASBs standardverk IFRS. Förändringen innebär att goodwill istället för att skrivas av över dess nyttjandeperiod nu årligen skall testas för nedskrivning. Något som införts i och med implementeringen av IAS 36 är att goodwill skall fördelas på de kassagenererande enheter som förväntas få synergier av ett förvärv. Identifiering av kassagenererande enheter och fördelning av goodwill på kassagenererande enheter är något som kan orsaka bolagen problem. Syfte: Att undersöka och beskriva hur IAS 36 tolkas i praktiken vid nedskrivningstest av goodwill med avseende på kassagenererande enheter. Genom att syftet uppfylls minskar den kunskapsbrist som finns avseende praxis i användandet av IAS 36. Genomförande: Uppsatsen har genomförts som en kvalitativ fallstudie på ett svenskt bolag. Utöver fallföretaget har ett verifieringsföretag använts. Som förstudie har två redovisningsexperter intervjuats vilka likväl hjälpte till med att förklara IAS 36 olika beståndsdelar. Resultat: Uppsatsen har visat på att IAS 36 rekommendationer inte är så tydlig för företagen som de till en början tycks vara. Såväl identifiering av kassagenererande enheter som fördelning av goodwill kan innebära problem för företagen och att standardens intentioner inte alltid följs. Fallföretagets fördelning av goodwill skulle i förekommande fall kunna ske på en högre nivå än vad den görs idag. Fördelas goodwillen på en högre nivå skull det ske helt i enlighet med det viktiga begreppet rättvisande bild som IASBs föreställningsram hänvisar till. Dagens fördelning av goodwill kan göra att synergier från enheter som inte tilldelats goodwill inte beaktas i den nedskrivningsprövning som görs av goodwill. Uppsatsen har även visat på att väsentlighet är en viktig faktor. Beaktas inte väsentlighet kan identifiering av kassagenererande enheter och fördelning av goodwill bli allt för godtyckligt för att vara av värde, till de beslutsunderlag som används av fallföretagets intressenter

Optimal Dispatch of Volunteers to Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients

Initiatives with mobile phone dispatched volunteers to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases, can be found today in some countries, e.g. Sweden, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Italy. When an OHCA case is reported, an alarm is sent to the registered volunteers’ phones. However, the allocation of which volunteers to send to the automatic external defibrillator (AED) and who to send directly to the patient, is today based on simple rules of thumb. In this paper, we propose a model to optimally select how many and which volunteers to send directly to the patient, and who should pick up and deliver an AED. The results show that the model can help increase the survivability of the patients, compared to simple decision rules

Mission to the Gentiles : the construction of Christian identity and its relationship with ethics according to Paul

Paul allowed pagans to become members of the newly founded communities of Christ-believers and thus members of God’s covenant people, Israel, without becoming circumcised. However, even if many of the ‘pagan Christians’ who became members of the new messianic movement had a background as God-Fearers in the frame of diaspora synagogues, the radicalism of their ‘step in faith’ can hardly be overestimated. With their turn from different pagan cults and their gods to the mysterious God of Israel and his crucified and risen Son, Jesus Christ, a whole coordinate system of human relationships, expectations, hopes and norms must have changed. This paper explores the construction of Christian identity and its relationship with ethics according to Paul. It is illustrated how Paul himself describes the system of changed relationships: turning away from the idols towards the living God, being in Christ or – together with others – part of the ‘body of Christ’. Moreover, these three dimensions of new relations – to God, to Christ and to the fellow believers in Christ – correspond to three reference points for ethical decisions in Pauline communities: the command to love one another, the idea of human conscience (as a voice coming from God) and the idea of the ‘ethos of Christ’.http://www.hts.org.z

Acute and subacute pulmonary toxicity and mortality in mice after intratracheal instillation of ZnO nanoparticles in three laboratories

Inhalation is the main pathway of ZnO exposure in the occupational environment but only few studies have addressed toxic effects after pulmonary exposure to ZnO nanoparticles (NP). Here we present results from three studies of pulmonary exposure and toxicity of ZnO NP in mice. The studies were prematurely terminated because interim results unexpectedly showed severe pulmonary toxicity. High bolus doses of ZnO NP (25 up to 100μg; ≥1.4mg/kg) were clearly associated with a dose dependent mortality in the mice. Lower doses (≥6μg; ≥0.3mg/kg) elicited acute toxicity in terms of reduced weight gain, desquamation of epithelial cells with concomitantly increased barrier permeability of the alveolar/blood as well as DNA damage. Oxidative stress was shown via a strong increase in lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione in the pulmonary tissue. Two months post-exposure revealed no obvious toxicity for 12.5 and 25μg on a range of parameters. However, mice that survived a high dose (50μg; 2.7mg/kg) had an increased pulmonary collagen accumulation (fibrosis) at a similar level as a high bolus dose of crystalline silica. The recovery from these toxicological effects appeared dose-dependent. The results indicate that alveolar deposition of ZnO NP may cause significant adverse health effects

Directional turnover towards larger-ranged plants over time and across habitats

Species turnover is ubiquitous. However, it remains unknown whether certain types of species are consistently gained or lost across different habitats. Here, we analysed the trajectories of 1827 plant species over time intervals of up to 78 years at 141 sites across mountain summits, forests, and lowland grasslands in Europe. We found, albeit with relatively small effect sizes, displacements of smaller- by larger-ranged species across habitats. Communities shifted in parallel towards more nutrient-demanding species, with species from nutrient-rich habitats having larger ranges. Because these species are typically strong competitors, declines of smaller-ranged species could reflect not only abiotic drivers of global change, but also biotic pressure from increased competition. The ubiquitous component of turnover based on species range size we found here may partially reconcile findings of no net loss in local diversity with global species loss, and link community-scale turnover to macroecological processes such as biotic homogenisation

eIF4A2 drives repression of translation at initiation by Ccr4-Not through purine-rich motifs in the 5'UTR

Background: Regulation of the mRNA life cycle is central to gene expression control and determination of cell fate. miRNAs represent a critical mRNA regulatory mechanism, but despite decades of research, their mode of action is still not fully understood. Results: Here, we show that eIF4A2 is a major effector of the repressive miRNA pathway functioning via the Ccr4-Not complex. We demonstrate that while DDX6 interacts with Ccr4-Not, its effects in the mechanism are not as pronounced. Through its interaction with the Ccr4-Not complex, eIF4A2 represses mRNAs at translation initiation. We show evidence that native eIF4A2 has similar RNA selectivity to chemically inhibited eIF4A1. eIF4A2 exerts its repressive effect by binding purine-rich motifs which are enriched in the 5′UTR of target mRNAs directly upstream of the AUG start codon. Conclusions: Our data support a model whereby purine motifs towards the 3′ end of the 5′UTR are associated with increased ribosome occupancy and possible uORF activation upon eIF4A2 binding