Realization of potential of enterprise structure development as the criterion of ensuring the object-differentiated approach to rendering the state support : the Russian Federation

The objective of the research. Undertaken in the conditions of an economic crisis and sanctions restrictions the attempts of system optimization of business activity state regulation in Russia still don't contribute to increase in business sector efficiency and to full accomplishment of all assigned social and economic functions. In the article the author rationalizes the point, assuming that in the basis of state regulation system the implementation level of entrepreneurial structure capacity, as the most adequate criterion of rendering the state support of business activity, which besides shall carry an object-differentiated nature, shall be laid. Short description of methodology. In the article authors offer an original interpretation of the concept "potential of enterprise structure development" and a method to calculate an indicator "the realization level of potential of enterprise structure development" as key criterion at realizing an object-differentiated approach to rendering the state support of enterprise structures. Compilation of the most important research results and their significance. In the article based on the formed differentiation criteria of measures of the state support of entrepreneurial structures authors offer the measures system differentiated on the bases of the implementation level of potential of entrepreneurial structures development and the importance of this structure in strategic priorities system of territorial development on preferential creation of institutional conditions for an entrepreneurship development; on internal capacity development of entrepreneurial structures; on direct support of business activity.peer-reviewe

Artificial Intelligence as an Auxiliary Tool for Limiting Religious Freedom in China

Objective: based on studying the statistics of crimes, national legislation and norms of international law, to give a legal assessment to restrictions of the right to worship implemented with the use of artificial intelligence technologies in China.Methods: the methodological basis of the research is the set of methods of scientific cognition, including specific sociological (analysis of statistical data and other documents), formal-legal (examining legal categories and definitions), formal-logical (analysis and synthesis), general scientific (induction, deduction), and other methods.Results: the work researches prerequisites for using artificial intelligence technologies in China to control public relations arising during religious activity both in the digital space and beyond; analyzes the legal framework of the measures implemented; gives a legal assessment to restrictions of the religious freedom using artificial intelligence technologies; forecasts the further development of Chinese legislation and foreign policy associated with religious freedom. Additionally, the work analyzes materials of human rights organizations aimed at hindering the Chinese policy of “sinicisation” and “de-extremification” of ethnic and religious minorities, including with the help of control and propaganda using modern digital technologies.Scientific novelty: the work researches the attempt of China to regulate the challenges related to religious activity, arising during rapid digitalization of the society and state, which the Republic faces being a developing, multinational and polyconfessional country. The established restrictions of religious freedom using artificial intelligence technologies are considered along with the relevant criminal statistics. The legal assessment of using artificial intelligence as a tool for restricting the right to worship is given from the standpoint of international law, as well as with the account of Chinese national legislation.Practical significance: the research results can be used to elaborate a consistent legal framework for using artificial intelligence technologies to counteract extremism

Modeling and forecasting of socio-economic development of the region

The article is devoted to the modeling and forecasting of socio-economic development of the region. The dependence of GRP per capita of the Belgorod region on the average annual number of employed in the economy, the consolidated budget revenues, the volume of innovative works and services, the consumer price index, the industrial production index, the balanced financial result, exports was establishe

Anomalous and Spin Hall Effects in a Magnetic Tunnel Junction with Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling

Anomalous and spin Hall effects are investigated theoretically for a magnetic tunnel junction where the applied voltage produces a Rashba spin-or bit coupling within the tunneling barrier layer. The ferromagnetic electrodes are the source of the spin-polarized current. The tunneling electrons experience a spin-orbit coupling inside the barrier due to the applied electrical field. Charge and spin Hall currents are calculated as functions of the position inside the barrier and the angle between the magnetizations of the electrodes. We find that both charge and spin Hall currents are located inside the barrier near the in terfaces. The dependence of the currents on magnetic configuration of the magnetic tunnel junction makes possible the manipulation by the Hall currents via rotation of the magnetization of the electrodes.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure

Alpelisib therapy: from theory to practice

Before the development and implementation of the first PI3K inhibitor (alpelisib), the presence of a mutation in the PIK3CA gene had only prognostic value: it determined the unfavorable course of luminal HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (testing for mutations was not part of routine screening methods). Achievements in the treatment of HR+HER2- mBC are primarily associated with the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors, which allowed not only a significant increase in the median progression-free survival while maintaining high quality of life, but also significantly increased overall survival of patients with luminal HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. However, subgroup analyses demonstrate that the presence of the PIK3CA mutation is an independent factor in decreasing progression-free time and overall survival, even in patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors. Mutations of the PIK3CA gene are diagnosed in 30-40% of luminal metastatic breast cancer patients, they are associated with an increased risk of relapse and disease progression, are associated with a significant reduction in survival rates and treatment effectiveness, and determine the development of primary and secondary resistance to endocrine therapy. Standard endocrine therapy with fulvestrant combined with alpelisib has significantly improved treatment outcomes in patients with HR+HER2-metastatic breast cancer with the PIK3CA mutation who previously received treatment for advanced disease or had progression during adjuvant therapy. This combination is now included in all major international guidelines and is a priority therapy option. Testing for PIK3CA mutations is the current diagnostic standard in luminal HER2-negative mBC. The review presents an update of the main clinical trials with alpelisib, treatment results from real clinical practice, and also considers aspects of use in pretreated patients with different medical history. The article outlines the main recommendations for the prevention and correction of adverse events, and presents our own experience of using alpelisib in a patient with a classic course of breast cancer with a PIK3CA mutation

Towards Legal Regulations of Generative AI in the Creative Industry

Objective: this article aims to answer the following questions: 1. Can generative artificial intelligence be a subject of copyright law? 2. What risks the unregulated use of generative artificial intelligence systems can cause? 3. What legal gaps should be filled in to minimize such risks?Methods: comparative legal analysis, sociological method, concrete sociological method, quantitative data analysis, qualitative data analysis, statistical analysis, case study, induction, deduction.Results: the authors identified several risks of the unregulated usage of generative artificial intelligence in the creative industry, among which are: violation of copyright and labor law, violation of consumers rights and the rise of public distrust in government. They suggest that a prompt development of new legal norms can minimize these risks. In conclusion, the article constants that states have already begun to realize that the negative impact of generative artificial intelligence on the creative industry must not be ignored, hence the development of similar legal regulations in states with completely different regimes.Scientific novelty: the article provides a comprehensive study of the impact of generative artificial intelligence on the creative industry from two perspectives: the perspective of law and the perspective of the industry. The empirical basis of it consists of two international surveys and an expert opinion of a representative of the industry. This approach allowed the authors to improve the objectivity of their research and to obtain results that can be used for finding a practical solution for the identified risks. The problem of the ongoing development and popularization of generative artificial intelligence systems goes beyond the question “who is the author?” therefore, it needs to be solved by introduction of other than the already existing mechanisms and regulations - this point of view is supported not only by the results of the surveys but also by the analysis of current lawsuits against developers of generative artificial intelligence systems.Practical significance: the obtained results can be used to fasten the development of universal legal rules, regulations, instruments and standards, the current lack of which poses a threat not only to human rights, but also to several sectors within the creative industry and beyond

Prevention of bullying among adolescents in the educational institution

The article investigates the problem of bullying as a kind of destructive interaction in the school teenage environment.В статье исследуется проблема буллинга как вида деструктивного взаимодействия в школьной подростковой среде

MSHA-like pili of non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains

Aim. In this study, we set out to identify the homologues of genes from the msh-cluster in the genomes of non-toxigenic V cholerae, to perform the bioinformatics analysis of their products, as well as to study the adhesive properties of strains containing altered genes. Materials and methods. We analysed 17 clinical strains of non-O1/non-O139 V cholerae and 2 strains of the O1 serogroup isolated from water bodies. Genes belonging to the msh-cluster were identified in the whole genomes using the BLASTN 2.2.29 and BioEdit 7.2.5 programs. Gene translation, comparative analysis of their nucleotide sequences and the amino acid sequences of deduced products were performed using the Vector NTI Advance 11 (Invitrogen). Results and discusssion. In 18 out of the 19 studied genomes we identified gene clusters responsible for production of adhesion pili (mshH-Q) represented by diverse alleles, the majority of which differed from the prototype genes of the msh-cluster in nucleotide composition but had the same localization and arrangement. Only one strain had a cluster that was close to that of the prototype. A bioinformatics analysis of their deduced products indicated that the amino acid sequence of the major MshA pilus subunit is homologous to the prototype only in a short N-terminal region (1-41) while sharing no similarities with the rest of the sequence. Nevertheless, this protein, similar to VcfA described by Kuroki H. et al. (2001) and designated by us as MshA-like, retained a putative pilus domain. A similar pattern was observed in the minor subunits designated as MshC-like. Other minor subunits also retained their characteristic domains. All of the strains agglutinated human erythrocytes (group O) and chicken erythrocytes, and in isolates harboring modified mshA-like and mshC-like genes the reaction was not inhibited by mannose. Since most of the studied strains were isolated from hospitalized patients, it is possible that in non-toxigenic V. cholerae lacking the pathogenicity island VPI, MSHA-like pili may serve as a colonization factor of the human intestine, in contrast to VPI-positive strains. The obtained information provides a basis for experimental verification of this assumption