Management of White Spot Lesions

It has been reported that white spot lesions (WSLs) can be seen as a result of prolonged plaque accumulation on the affected surface of the teeth. They are more often associated with fixed orthodontic treatment and defined as “the presence of clinically detectable, localized areas of enamel demineralization.” These lesions are managed in the first step by establishing a good oral hygiene to enhance remineralization, and prophylaxis with products mostly containing fluoride, calcium, or phosphate. The aim of this chapter is to outline the risk factors and preventive measures of WSLs, and the currently used methods to manage it based on the latest evidence

Shear Bond Strengths of Different Adhesive Systems to Biodentine

The aim of this study was to measure the shear bond strength of different adhesive systems to Biodentine with different time intervals. Eighty specimens of Biodentine were prepared and divided into 8 groups. After 12 minutes, 40 samples were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups of 10 each: group 1: (etch-and-rinse adhesive system) Prime & Bond NT; group 2: (2-step self-etch adhesive system) Clearfil SE Bond; group 3: (1-step self-etch adhesive systems) Clearfil S3 Bond; group 4: control (no adhesive). After the application of adhesive systems, composite resin was applied over Biodentine. This procedure was repeated 24 hours after mixing additional 40 samples, respectively. Shear bond strengths were measured using a universal testing machine, and the data were subjected to 1-way analysis of variance and Scheffé post hoc test. No significant differences were found between all of the adhesive groups at the same time intervals (12 minutes and 24 hours) (). Among the two time intervals, the lowest value was obtained for group 1 (etch-and-rinse adhesive) at a 12-minute period, and the highest was obtained for group 2 (two-step self-etch adhesive) at a 24-hour period. The placement of composite resin used with self-etch adhesive systems over Biodentine showed better shear bond strength

KÖK KANAL İRRİGASYON SOLÜSYONLARININ DENTİN TÜBÜLLERİNE PENETRASYONUNUN in vitro DEGERLENDİRİLMESİ

Çalısmada, in vitro olarak %5,25&#8217;lik Sodyum hipoklorit, %0,1&#8217;lik Octenidine Dihidroklorit ve %2&#8217;lik Klorheksidin glukonat&#8217;ın süt ve daimi dislerin dentin tübüllerine penetre olan E.faecalis ve C.albicans üzerindeki 30sn, 1dk ve 5dk&#8217;lık uygulama etkinliklerinin degerlendirilmesi hedeflenmistir. Bu amaçla hazırlanan dis fragmanları steril edilerek üç hafta boyunca E.faecalis ve C.albicans karısık süspansiyonu ile enfekte edilmistir. Enfekte dentin yüzeyinin incelemesi SEM ile yapılmıstır. Enfekte dis fragmanlarına irrigasyon solüsyonlarının uygulanmasının ardından nötralize edici ajanlarla etkinlikleri durdurulmustur. Dislerden rond frezlerle toplanan dentin talaslarına sıvı TSB eklenerek BHIB besi yerine ekim yapılıp 37°C de 24 saat bekletildikten sonra olusan koloniler makroskobik olarak sayılmıstır. Süt ve daimi disler arasında test edilen solüsyonların antimikrobiyal etkinlikleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemistir (p>0,05). Süt ve daimi dislerde E.faecalis üzerinde test edilen solüsyonlar arasında %0,1&#8217;lik Octenidine Dihidroklorit&#8217;in 5dk&#8217;lık uygulaması en etkili olarak bulunmustur (p<0,05). C.albicans üzerinde ise test edilen solüsyonların aynı sürelerde etkinlikleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıstır (p>0,05). Tüm deney grupları ile kontrol grubu olan serum fizyolojigin antibakteriyel etkinlikleri karsılastırıldıgında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmustur (p<0,05).The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effects of 5.25% Sodium hypochloride, 0.1% Octenidine Dihydrochloride and 2% Chlorhexidine gluconate that penetrated to dentinal tubules of primary and permanent teeth on E.faecalis and C.albicans in 30 seconds, 1 minute and 5 minutes. The tooth sections were sterilized and contaminated with a mixture of E.faecalis and C.albicans strains and this procedure was carried out for 3 weeks. Contaminated dentinal surfaces were examined with SEM. After aplication of irrigating solutions to the contaminated tooth sections, neutralizers were applied for inactivation of the solutions. TSB was added to the dentine powders that were removed by round burs from specimens and they were placed into BHIB and incubated for 24h at 37°C. The colonies were counted macroscopically. There was no statistically significant difference between primary and permanent teeth with respect to the antimicrobial activity of tested solutions (p>0,05). Among the solutions that were tested against E.faecalis on primary and permanent teeth, the most effective one was found as 0.1% Octenidine Dihydrochloride of 5 minutes application (p<0,05). The effects of tested solutions on the same time durations against C.albicans showed no significant difference (p>0,05). Antibacterial activity of all tested groups and control group with saline was compared and a statistically significant difference was found (p<0,05)

Effect of new light curing units on microleakage and microhardness of resin sealants

To determine new developed light curing units with shorter curing times effects on microleakage and microhardness values for resin fissure sealants. Resin filled sealant (UltraSeal-XT), resin unfilled sealant (Delton Type-II) and ormocer-based sealant (Admira-Seal) were light cured with a quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH), two LED light and a high power LED. Two hundred and forty extracted human molars were randomly allocated into four groups according to used light-curing unit and three subgroups were formed for three different fissure sealant materials. Specimens were immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsia for 24 h, sectioned and examined under a stereomicroscope, and scored for marginal microleakage. Knoop hardness number (KHN) readings were measured after 48 h. Statistical analyses of test were found in significant difference both microleakage and microhardness values between the various light curing units. The time saving approaches in the curing light were determined higher microhardness, although it was found in higher microleakage

Sotos Sendromu: Bir Vaka Sunumu

Sotos sendromu, çocukluk döneminde endokrin bir bozukluk olmaksızın, aşırı büyüme, makrosefali, kendine özgü yüz görünümü ve çeşitli derecelerde öğrenme güçlüğü ile karakterize genetik bir durumdur. Olguların çoğu sporadik olup, otozomal dominant kalıtım modeline uyan aileler bildirilmiştir. Sendromdan esas sorumlu olan gen nükleer reseptör bağlayıcı SET domain1 (NSD1) proteinini kodlar. Nadir görülen bu sendrom ilk olarak 1964 yılında, ılımlı mental retardasyonu bulunan beş vakada Sotos ve arkadaşları tarafından tanımlanmıştır. Yüksek alın saç çizgisi, makrosefali, frontal bossing, uzun ve ince yüz görünümü, fronto-temporal bölgede saç seyrekliği, aşağı çekik palpebral fissürler ve belirgin mandibula karakteristik yüz görünümünü oluşturur ve ileri kemik yaşı ve değişik derecelerde mental gerilik diğer tanı kriterleridir.  Bu olgu sunumununda yaygın diş çürüğü ve spesifik oral bulguları bulunan 6 yaşındaki sotos sendromlu vakanın dental açıdan yönetimi vurgulanmıştır