Management of infection by the Zika virus

A panel of national experts was convened by the Brazilian Infectious Diseases Society in order to organize the national recommendations for the management of zika virus infection. The focus of this document is the diagnosis, both clinical and laboratorial, and appropriate treatment of the diverse manifestations of this infection, ranging from acute mild disease to Guillain-Barré syndrome and also microcephaly and congenital malformations.1

Use of Demonstrably Effective Therapies in the Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndromes: Comparison between Different Brazilian Regions. Analysis of the Brazilian Registry on Acute Coronary Syndromes (BRACE)

Background: Little is known in our country about regional differences in the treatment of acute coronary disease. Objective: To analyze the behavior regarding the use of demonstrably effective regional therapies in acute coronary disease. Methods: A total of 71 hospitals were randomly selected, respecting the proportionality of the country in relation to geographic location, among other criteria. In the overall population was regionally analyzed the use of aspirin, clopidogrel, ACE inhibitors / AT1 blocker, beta-blockers and statins, separately and grouped by individual score ranging from 0 (no drug used) to 100 (all drugs used). In myocardial infarction with ST elevation (STEMI) regional differences were analyzed regarding the use of therapeutic recanalization (fibrinolytics and primary angioplasty). Results: In the overall population, within the first 24 hours of hospitalization, the mean score in the North-Northeast (70.5 +/- 22.1) was lower (p < 0.05) than in the Southeast (77.7 +/- 29.5), Midwest (82 +/- 22.1) and South (82.4 +/- 21) regions. At hospital discharge, the score of the North-Northeast region (61.4 +/- 32.9) was lower (p < 0.05) than in the Southeast (69.2 +/- 31.6), Midwest (65.3 +/- 33.6) and South (73.7 +/- 28.1) regions; additionally, the score of the Midwest was lower (p < 0.05) than the South region. In STEMI, the use of recanalization therapies was highest in the Southeast (75.4%, p = 0.001 compared to the rest of the country), and lowest in the North-Northeast (52.5%, p < 0.001 compared to the rest of the country). Conclusion: The use of demonstrably effective therapies in the treatment of acute coronary disease is much to be desired in the country, with important regional differences

Consenso nacional de ressuscitação cardiorespiratória

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Current Advances in the Use of Therapeutic Hypothermia

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Abordagem otimizada na ressuscitação cardiocerebral

A ressuscitação cardiocerebral (RCC) é uma nova abordagem à ressuscitação de pacientes com parada cardíaca fora do hospital (PCFH). O primeiro componente principal da RCC são as compressões torácicas contínuas (CTC), também chamadas de RCP com compressões torácicas isoladas ou "RCP somente com compressões torácicas" ("Hands-only" CPR), recomendadas como parte da RCC por todos os observadores que testemunhem um colapso súbito de origem presumidamente cardíaco. O segundo componente é um novo algoritmo de tratamento de Suporte Avançado de Vida em Cardiologia (ACLS) para Serviços Médicos de Emergência (SME). Esse algoritmo enfatiza compressões torácicas ininterruptas a despeito de outros procedimentos contínuos como parte do esforço de resgate. Um terceiro componente foi recentemente adicionado à RCC, e é o cuidado agressivo pós-ressuscitação. A RCC tem aumentado a participação de testemunhas e tem melhorado as taxas de sobrevivência em varias comunidades. Essa é a hora para outras comunidades re-examinarem seus próprios desfechos com parada cardíaca e considerar a possibilidade de se juntar a essas cidades e comunidades que dobraram e até mesmo triplicaram as suas taxas de sobrevivência de PCFH

The effects of an online basic life support course on undergraduate nursing students’ learning

Objectives: To describe learning outcomes of undergraduate nursing students following an online basic life support course (BLS). Methods: An online BLS course was developed and administered to 94 nursing students. Pre- and post-tests were used to assess theoretical learning. Checklist simulations and feedback devices were used to assess the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills of the 62 students who completed the course. Results: A paired t-test revealed a significant increase in learning [pre-test (6.4 +/- 1.61), post-test (9.3 +/- 0.82), p < 0.001]. The increase in the average grade after taking the online course was significant (p < 0.001). No learning differences (p = 0.475) had been observed between 1st and 2nd year (9.20 +/- 1.60), and between 3rd and 4th year (9.67 +/- 0.61) students. A CPR simulation was performed after completing the course: students checked for a response (90%), exposed the chest (98%), checked for breathing (97%), called emergency services (76%), requested for a defibrillator (92%), checked for a pulse (77%), positioned their hands properly (87%), performed 30 compressions/cycle (95%), performed compressions of at least 5 cm depth (89%), released the chest (90%), applied two breaths (97%), used the automated external defibrillator (97%), and positioned the pads (100%). Conclusions: The online course was an effective method for teaching and learning key BLS skills wherein students were able to accurately apply BLS procedures during the CPR simulation. This short-term online training, which likely improves learning and self-efficacy in BLS providers, can be used for the continuing education of health professionals.Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Faculty Perceptions Of Simulation Programs In Healthcare Education.

To identify faculty perceptions of simulation insertion in the undergraduate program, considering the advantages and challenges posed by this resource. We conducted a qualitative study with intentional sampling according to pre-defined criteria, following a semi-structured outline regarding data saturation. We have interviewed 14 healthcare instructors from a teaching institution that employs simulation in its syllabi. The majority of the faculty interviewed considered the use of scenario, followed by debriefing, as an excellent teaching tool. However, the faculty also noted a number of difficulties, such as the workload necessary to assemble the scenario, the correlation between scenario goals and the competences of the program, the time spent with the simulation, and the ratio of students to faculty members. Faculties consider simulation an effective tool in the healthcare program and maintain that the main obstacle faced by them is the logistical demand.6166-17

Efetividade de treinamento sobre ressuscitação cardiopulmonar na aprendizagem de familiares de pacientes cardiopatas*

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in the skill acquisition of family members of heart disease patients. Method: A quasi-experimental study, conducted in a hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. The study participants were one or more relatives of patients with heart disease that were hospitalized at the institution. In the first phase, the participant’s skills and theoretical knowledge on cardiopulmonary resuscitation were evaluated before and immediately after the training. The second phase took place one month after the training, in which the same evaluations were applied. The McNemar’s and Stuart-Maxwell tests were adopted (5% significance level). Results: The theoretical knowledge of family members before and after training increased and a great retention of this knowledge after 30 days of training was observed. Immediately after training, the family members showed significant improvement of skills in the 15 analyzed actions and, after one month of training, they maintained most of the acquired practices on cardiopulmonary resuscitation, except for chest compressions frequency and the time between turning on the defibrillator and delivering the shock. Conclusion: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training was effective in the acquisition of theoretical and practical knowledge of the family members.Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade de um treinamento sobre ressuscitação cardiopulmonar na aprendizagem de familiares de pacientes cardiopatas. Método: Estudo quase experimental, realizado em hospital de São Paulo, Brasil. Participaram da pesquisa um ou mais familiares de pacientes cardiopatas internados na instituição. Na primeira fase foram avaliados o conhecimento teórico e as habilidades dos participantes sobre a ressuscitação cardiopulmonar antes e imediatamente após o treinamento. A segunda fase aconteceu um mês após o treinamento, com a aplicação das mesmas avaliações. Os testes McNemar e Stuart-Maxwell foram adotados (nível de significância de 5%). Resultados: Houve aumento do conhecimento teórico dos familiares antes e após o treinamento e elevada retenção desse conhecimento após 30 dias da capacitação. Os familiares apresentaram, após o treinamento, melhora significativa das habilidades nas 15 ações analisadas e, após um mês da capacitação, mantiveram a maioria das práticas assimiladas sobre ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, com exceção da frequência das compressões torácicas e do tempo entre ligar o desfibrilador e aplicar o choque. Conclusão: O treinamento sobre ressuscitação cardiopulmonar foi efetivo na aprendizagem teórica e prática dos familiares.Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del entrenamiento sobre resucitación cardiopulmonar en el aprendizaje de familiares de pacientes cardíacos. Método: Estudio cuasiexperimental, realizado en un hospital de São Paulo, Brasil. Participaron de la investigación uno o más familiares de pacientes cardíacos, hospitalizados en la institución. La primera fase evaluó los conocimientos teóricos y habilidades de los participantes sobre resucitación cardiopulmonar antes e inmediatamente después del entrenamiento. La segunda fase se realizó un mes después del entrenamiento, con la aplicación de las mismas evaluaciones. Se adoptaron las pruebas de McNemar y Stuart-Maxwell (nivel de significación del 5%). Resultados: Los familiares incrementaron sus conocimientos teóricos antes y después del entrenamiento, los cuales persistieron después de 30 días de la capacitación. Después del entrenamiento, los familiares mejoraron significativamente las habilidades en las 15 acciones analizadas y, después de un mes de capacitación, mantuvieron la mayoría de las prácticas asimiladas sobre reanimación cardiopulmonar, excepto la frecuencia de las compresiones torácicas y el tiempo entre encender el desfibrilador y aplicar la descarga. Conclusión: El entrenamiento de resucitación cardiopulmonar fue efectivo en el aprendizaje teórico y práctico de los familiares