Longitudinal assessment of body image disturbances in patients with bulimia nervosa submitted to multidisciplinary treatment

OBJETIVO: Aumentar a compreensão sobre os distúrbios da imagem corporal em pacientes com bulimia nervosa e sua evolução após o tratamento multidisciplinar. MÉTODOS: Onze mulheres responderam dois questionários de imagem corporal (Body Attitudes Questionnaire e Escala de Figuras de Stunkard) antes e após o tratamento e preencheram o diário alimentar, utilizado para a análise de sintomas de bulimia nervosa. RESULTADOS: Tanto no pré quanto no pós-tratamento o índice de massa corporal médio se encontrava na faixa de eutrofia. Cerca de 57,0% da amostra teve remissão total dos sintomas de bulimia nervosa. Em relação à imagem corporal, na escala de Stunkard, o tamanho da figura escolhida como ideal aumentou e houve redução da insatisfação corporal após o tratamento. Não houve redução significativa da superestimativa do tamanho corporal, porém no início do tratamento 57,1% das pacientes já não superestimavam seu tamanho. Em relação ao questionário de atitudes, notou-se diminuição das seguintes variáveis: depreciação corporal; sentir-se gorda; sensação de ter gordura nos membros inferiores e importância pessoal do corpo. CONCLUSÕES: O tratamento foi eficaz em alguns aspectos atitudinais, porém deve ser aprimorado em outros, como a distorção perceptual.OBJECTIVE: Increase the comprehension of body image disturbances in patients with bulimia nervosa and its evolution after treatment, multidisciplinary. METHODS: Eleven women answered two body image questionnaires (Body Attitudes Questionnaire and Stunkard's Figure Scale) before and after treatment and filled a food diary used to analyze the frequency of bulimia nervosa symptoms. RESULTS: The mean body mass index was found at normal weight category before and after treatment. Approximately 57.0% of the sample had total remission of bulimia nervosa symptoms. In relation to body image based on Stunkard's scale, the size of the figure chosen as ideal increased and body dissatisfaction decreased after treatment. There was no significant reduction in the overestimation of body size, but at the beginning of the treatment 57,1% of the patients did not overestimate their sizes already. Regarding the questionnaire of attitudes, the following variables had a significant decrease: body depreciation, feeling fat, sensation of having lower body fatness and body self-importance. DISCUSSION: The treatment was effective in some attitudinal aspects, but should be improved in regard to others, such as perceptual distortion.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Loans and Fertilizer Use: The Effect of Timing in Pineapple Production in Southern Ghana

In this study, I explore if the timing of credit in the pineapple production cycle affects fertilizer use at the first crucial application period in Southern Ghana. Using unique survey data collected at six-week intervals, results of Probit and Tobit models suggest that total credit has no effect on fertilizer use, but an additional dollar of credit specifically during the time of interest significantly increases the probability of fertilizer use by 0.138% and the amount of fertilizer by 0.797%. Findings suggest that credit should be targeted during agronomically important periods for input use in order to maximize the effect of credit

Vocal music a means of religious propaganda

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityWe have endeavored to show that man innately uses music in worship. The primitive African, Figian and American Indian uses each his type of this art to worship. We have looked into China, and Japan to find that in ancestor worship, Bonfucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, and Shintoism the worshiper sings. We can not picture the sentimental Hindoo speaking all of his prayers, nor the Arab not singing to Mohammed. Classic Greece knew and used the vocal art with her plastic. We have recalled the Old Testament's constant mention of music, have thought of those songs the Christ used to sing, have traced the use of song through the heresies and movements of the mediaeval church, and come to its modern use in Europe and America, including also the Orient where missions takes the art as one of her greatest aids. A list of sacred solos, duets, anthems and responses, Oratorios and Cantatas completes any possible contribution which has been made. These numbers are almost all favorites of those who sing at worship. They have, in part, been sung by the writer, who wishes to testify to their enormous worship value

Calcineurin associated with the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-FKBP12 complex modulates Ca2+ flux

AbstractThe immunosuppressant drug FK506 binds to the immunophilin protein FKBP12 and inhibits its prolyl isomerase activity. Immunosuppresive actions, however, are mediated via an FK506-FKBP12 inhibition of the Ca2+-activated phosphatase calcineurin. Physiologic cellular roles for FKBP12 have remained unclear. FKBP12 is physically associated with the RyR and IP3R Ca2+ channels in the absence of FK506, with added FK506 disrupting these complexes. Dissociation of FKBP12 results in alteration of channel Ca2+ conductance in both cases. We now report that calcineurin is physiologically associated with the IP3R-FKBP12 and RyR-FKBP12 receptor complexes and that this interaction can be disrupted by FK506 or rapamycin. Calcineurin anchored to the IP3R via FKBP12 regulates the phosphorylation status of the receptor, resulting in a dynamic Ca2+-sensitive regulation of IP3-mediated Ca2+ flux

Pollen Clumping and Release Mechanisms in Wind Pollinated Plants

Wind pollinated (anemophilous) angiosperm lineages have often converged independently on floral traits; the syndrome of traits presumably reflecting adaptation to more efficient pollen transport by wind and capture by receptive surfaces. One often-cited trait differentiating anemophiles from zoophiles is the cohesion of pollen grains into clumps, with greater clumping expected among the latter. Further, the mechanism by which grains are released remains underexplored. This thesis examines (1) whether pollen clumping can be used diagnostically to determine the vector, and (2) the hypothesis that resonance vibration of stamens in wind gusts is a mechanism of pollen release. Pollen clumping was studied intraspecifically in the wind pollinated Plantago lanceolata and interspecifically across 23 anemophilous and zoophilous species. Mean clump size was found to be well-distinguished species by vector, and the lognormal distribution was a reasonable characterization of clump size for the majority of the species examined. The stamens of P. lanceolata were manipulated in the laboratory and observed in the field to characterize their dynamic response to vibration. Stamens had elastic properties corresponding to modeling as underdamped cantilever beams and to theoretical ranges predicted to initiate resonance vibration in wind gusts. Pollen was released in multiple discrete bursts from resonating stamens with successively greater energy requirements. In the field, pollen release was observed from a resonating stamen. Understanding the function of stamen properties is crucial for developing an evolutionary theory of anemophily and modeling the wind pollination process. This study demonstrates that anemophilous stamens have distinct, quantifiable physical properties differentiating from stamens evolved for other mating systems

Força, foco e fé: a sociedade do desempenho e a (má) alimentação

The current context in which we are inserted offers a standard model to be followed in which individuals need to be highly productive. This lifestyle is not exercised via coercion, but via self-entrepreneurship, that is, strength, focus, and faith are the (self-)imposed watchwords that guide human behavior. This is also reflected in the relationship established between the body and food. The result of this process is the mental, social, and physical illness of the population. In the face of that, this essay sought to develop the relationship between the concept of burnout society and contemporary eating, to investigate, understand, and reflect on the impact of this model on eating behavior that touches both the clinical practice of the nutritionist and the field of collective health. In constructing this text, authors from the human and social sciences, collective health, and nutrition were mobilized to mediate the discussions.O contexto atual no qual estamos inseridos oferece um padrão a ser seguido, em que os indivíduos necessitam ser altamente produtivos. Esse estilo de vida não é exercido a partir da coerção, mas sim através do empreendedorismo de si mesmo, ou seja, força, foco e fé são as palavras de ordem (auto)impostas que guiam o comportamento humano. Isso também se reflete no relacionamento estabelecido entre o próprio corpo e a alimentação. O resultado desse processo é o adoecimento psíquico, social e físico da população. Diante disso, este ensaio buscou desenvolver a relação entre o conceito da sociedade do cansaço e a alimentação contemporânea, de modo a investigar, compreender e refletir sobre o impacto desse modelo no comportamento alimentar que tangencia tanto a prática clínica do nutricionista quanto o campo da saúde coletiva. Na construção deste texto, foram mobilizados autores das ciências humanas e sociais, da saúde coletiva e da nutrição, para mediar as discussões