Формування індивідуального стилю у творчості народних майстрів художньої обробки дерева (на прикладі різьбярських династій Шкрібляків та Корпанюків)

У статті розглянуто творчість видатних різьбярських династій Шкрібляків та Корпанюків з позиції формування власного стилю в кожного з майстрів та їхнього впливу на зародження Косівської школи художньої обробки дерева. Особливу увагу приділено тим технічним і технологічним новаціям, які застосовували у своїх творах різьбярі, та тим композиційним прийомам, які вирізняли їхні вироби з-поміж інших.В статье рассматривается творчество выдающихся династий резчиков Шкрибляков и Корпанюков с точки зрения формирования собственного стиля у каждого из мастеров и их влияния на зарождение Косовской школы художественной обработки дерева. Особое внимание уделяется тем техническим и технологическим новациям, которые использовали резчики в своих произведениях, и композиционным приёмам, выделяющим их изделия среди прочих.There is an observation of creative work of the illustrious Shkribliak and K orpaniuk houses of carvers from a position of formation of a master’s individual style and proceeding from each master’s impact on the K osiv artistic carving school’s origin. The author pays a specific attention to the technical and technological innovations which are put into practice by a carver as well as to the composition wethods which differ carver’s wares from the rest

Taking down the FLAG! How Insect Cell Expression Challenges an Established Tag-System

In 1988 the preceding journal of Nature Biotechnology, Bio/Technology, reported a work by Hopp and co-workers about a new tag system for the identification and purification of recombinant proteins: the FLAG-tag. Beside the extensively used hexa-his tag system the FLAG-tag has gained broad popularity due to its small size, its high solubility, the presence of an internal Enterokinase cleavage site, and the commercial availability of high-affinity anti-FLAG antibodies. Surprisingly, considering the heavy use of FLAG in numerous laboratories world-wide, we identified in insect cells a post-translational modification (PTM) that abolishes the FLAG-anti-FLAG interaction rendering this tag system ineffectual for secreted proteins. The present publication shows that the tyrosine that is part of the crucial FLAG epitope DYK is highly susceptible to sulfation, a PTM catalysed by the enzyme family of Tyrosylprotein-Sulfo-transferases (TPSTs). We showed that this modification can result in less than 20% of secreted FLAG-tagged protein being accessible for purification questioning the universal applicability of this established tag system

Mycoplasma genitalium en España: prevalencia de infección genital y frecuencia de resistencia a macrólidos

Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium infection and the resistance to macrolides within a general population in Madrid in 2015. Methods We collected 359 urine samples from a general population with symptoms of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). All samples underwent a real-time PCR. For the detection of macrolide resistance, a 283 bp fragment of region V of the 23S rRNA gene of M. genitalium was amplified and sequenced. Results We found a prevalence of 3.34% of M. genitalium and a macrolide resistance rate of 20%. In males, the prevalence was 6.62% and in women 0.96%, being significantly higher in males. Conclusions The prevalence obtained shows that it is a pathogen to consider in our environment. These findings stress the need for routine testing of M. genitalium infections and would seem to suggest the advisability of resistance testing.Introducción El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar en 2015 en una población general de Madrid la prevalencia de infección por Mycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) y la resistencia a macrólidos. Mèc)todos Se recogieron 359 muestras de orina procedentes de una población general con síntomas de infección de transmisión sexual. A todas las muestras se les realizó una PCR a tiempo real. Para la detección de resistencias a macrólidos, se amplificó y secuenció un fragmento de 283 pb de la región v del gen 23S rRNA de M. genitalium. Resultados Se encontró una prevalencia de un 3,34% de M. genitalium y un 20% de resistencia a macrólidos. En varones la prevalencia fue del 6,62% y en mujeres del 0,96%, siendo significativamente superior en varones. Conclusión La prevalencia obtenida muestra que es un patógeno a considerar en nuestro entorno. Estos hallazgos hacen hincapièc) en la necesidad de realizar pruebas de rutina de infección por M. genitalium y argumentan que es recomendable realizar pruebas de resistencia.Sin financiación1.685 JCR (2018) Q4, 72/89 Infectious Diseases, 106/133 Microbiology0.348 SJR (2018) Q3, 82/127 Microbiology (medical)No data IDR 2018UE

Sensitive and specific assay for the simultaneous detection of Mycoplasma genitalium and macrolide resistance-associated mutations

Patients infected by Mycoplasma genitalium are often treated empirically with the macrolide azithromycin. Macrolide resistance is becoming quite common; empirical treatment is compromised. Sequencing was initially used to detected azithromycin resistance-associated mutations. As this was laborious, qPCRs have been developed for their detection. In the present study, we describe a fast, sensitive, and specific qPCR assay that enables routine testing of M. genitalium and macrolide resistance-associated mutations in a single assay. M. genitalium positive clinical samples were used to compare (i) the commonly used MgPa assay for the detection of M. genitalium infections (MgPa qPCR), (ii) a combined 23S rRNA gene PCR/sequencing assay (Mg23S qPCR/Sequencing) to identify macrolide resistance-associated mutations, and (iii) our newly developed probe-based melt curve qPCR for simultaneous detection of M. genitalium and macrolide resistance-associated mutations (Macrolide-R/MG ELITe MGB Kit, Elitech Bothel USA in short Mg MacrolideR qPCR). Specificity of the qPCR was tested using urogenital samples that were tested positive for a range of other micro-organisms. M. genitalium was detected in 196/236 (83.1%) samples by the MgPa qPCR, versus 172/236 (72.9%) by the combined Mg23S qPCR/Sequencing, and 202/236 (85.6%) by the Mg MacrolideR qPCR. The Mg MacrolideR qPCR showed high concordance to the Mg23S qPCR/Sequencing assay (201 vs 202 could be genotyped, respectively) for the detection of the macrolide resistant mutations. None of the other urogenital pathogens were tested positive in the Mg MacrolideR qPCR, indicating specificity. The Mg MacrolideR qPCR is fast, sensitive, specific, and can easily be implemented in the routine diagnostics

Acquisition of high-level mupirocin resistance in CoNS following nasal decolonization with mupirocin

OBJECTIVES: The association between mupirocin use and plasmid-based high-level resistance development mediated through mupA in CoNS has not been quantified. We determined acquisition of mupirocin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and CoNS in surgery patients treated peri-operatively with mupirocin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients admitted for surgery were treated with nasal mupirocin ointment and chlorhexidine soap for 5 days, irrespective of S. aureus carrier status. Nasal swabs were obtained before decolonization (T1) and 4 days after surgery (T2) and were inoculated onto agars containing 8 mg/L mupirocin. Staphylococci were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and mupirocin resistance was confirmed by Etest. RESULTS: Among 1578 surgical patients, 936 (59%) had nasal swabs obtained at T1 and T2; 192 (21%) patients carried mupirocin-resistant CoNS at T1 and 406 (43%) at T2 (P256 mg/L (high level) and 381 of 383 (99.5%) were mupA positive. No acquisition of mupirocin resistance was observed in S. aureus. CONCLUSIONS: Acquisition of mupirocin resistance following decolonization was widespread in CoNS and absent in S. aureus. As almost all isolates harboured the mupA gene, monitoring resistance development in S. aureus when decolonization strategies containing mupirocin are used is recommended

Evidence for missing HPV-45 and -59 positives with the SPF-DEIA-LiPA (version 1) platform compared to the type-specific qPCR assays and the impact on vaccine effectiveness estimates.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) epidemiological and vaccine studies require highly sensitive HPV detection systems. The widely used broad-spectrum SPF10-DEIA-LiPA25 (SPF10 method) has reduced sensitivity towards HPV-45 and -59. Therefore, anogenital samples from the PASSYON study were retrospectively analyzed with type-specific (TS) HPV-45 and -59 qPCR assays. The SPF10 method missed 51.1% of HPV-45 and 76.1% of HPV-59 infections, detected by the TS qPCR assays. Viral copy number (VCn) of SPF10 missed HPV-45 and -59 was significantly lower than SPF10 detected HPV-45 and -59 (p<0.0001 for both HPV types). Sanger sequencing showed no phylogenetic distinction between SPF10 missed and detected HPV-59 variants, but variants bearing the A6562G SNP in the SPF10 target region were more likely to be missed (p=0.0392). HPV co-occurrence slightly influenced the detection probability of HPV-45 and -59 with the SPF10 method. Moreover, HPV-59 detection with the SPF10 method was hampered more in non-vaccinated women than vaccinated women, likely due a stronger masking effect by increased HPV co-occurrence in the former group. Consequentially, the SPF10 method led to a strong negative vaccine effectiveness (VE) of -84.6% against HPV-59 while the VE based on TS qPCR was 3.1%. For HPV45, the relative increase in detection in non-vaccinated women compared vaccinated women was more similar, resulting in comparable VE estimates. In conclusion, this study shows that HPV-45 and -59 detection with SPF10 method is dependent on factors including VCn, HPV co-occurrence, and vaccination, thereby showing that knowledge of the limitations of the HPV detection method used is of great importance

Neighbor-joining dendrogram based on 16S rRNA showing the phylogenetic position of all isolated <i>Helicobacter</i> taxa.

<p>Bootstrap values (≥70%) based on 500 repetitions are shown at the nodes of the dendrogram. The origins of the isolated <i>Helicobacter</i> taxa are indicated: Lacertilia (lizards) or Testudines (chelonians).</p

Fatal Carbapenem Resistance Development in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Under Meropenem Monotherapy, Caused by Mutations in the Oprd Outer Membrane Porin

A 13-year old neutropenic boy succumbed to bacteremia and sepsis with a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain that rapidly developed resistance to carbapenems during meropenem monotherapy. Whole genome sequencing of the susceptible and resistant blood culture isolates revealed the meropenem-resistant phenotype to be caused by truncation of the oprD gene, which added to a pre-existing inactivated mexR gene

Number of animals positive for each <i>Epsilonproteobacteria</i> taxon per culture medium used.

<p>*, putative novel species or subspecies based on 16S rRNA sequence and AFLP fingerprint;</p><p>**, not sum of <i>Epsilonproteobacteria</i> positive animals in case of multiple <i>Epsilonproteobacteria</i> taxa per animal.</p