Transition to adulthood for homeless adolescents

Education plays a critical role in how adolescents mature into adults. A vulnerable, and often forgotten, sub-population of the poor is homeless youth, for whom lack of a stable or adequate residence creates a unique set of educational barriers. The Center for Higher Education Policy Analysis (CHEPA) spent 18 months documenting the experiences of homeless adolescents in Los Angeles, deriving data from 123 interviews with homeless adolescents between the ages of 14 and 19, and an additional 45 interviews with shelter staff, social workers, parents, teachers, and school district administrators. Follow-up interviews were conducted with 30 of the youth to understand their experiences in greater depth. Over 400 hours were dedicated to observing the daily lives of homeless youth. The project had two primary goals: (1) To give a voice to homeless youth who are frequently powerless and invisible; and (2) To initiate a dialog with policymakers and practitioners concerning the improvement of educational policy as it pertains to homeless youth. The following research questions framed the analysis: (1) What are the lives of homeless adolescents like? (2) How do homeless youth conceptualize themselves? (3) How do they spend their time? (4) How do they negotiate educational and social barriers? (5) How do they create support systems in and out of school? and (6) What are the different factors they prioritize as crucial to their development? The authors conclude that the current educational system is either irrelevant or hostile to the daily needs of homeless youth. Based on study findings, the authors suggest that policy conversation needs to turn towards addressing specific educational needs to prevent youth from being trapped in a cycle of homelessness. The creation of alternative educational opportunities, mentoring programs, and closer working relationships between shelters and schools warrants greater public discussion on federal, state, and local levels. (Contains 5 boxes and 1 table.) [This research was supported by the John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation.]https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/ed-facbooks/1005/thumbnail.jp

Self-assembly and charge transport properties of a benzobisthiazole end-capped with dihexylthienothiophene units

The synthesis of a new conjugated material is reported; BDHTT–BBT features a central electron-deficient benzobisthiazole capped with two 3,6-dihexyl-thieno[3,2-b]thiophenes. Cyclic voltammetry was used to determine the HOMO (−5.7 eV) and LUMO (−2.9 eV) levels. The solid-state properties of the compound were investigated by X-ray diffraction on single-crystal and thin-film samples. OFETs were constructed with vacuum deposited films of BDHTT–BBT. The films displayed phase transitions over a range of temperatures and the morphology of the films affected the charge transport properties of the films. The maximum hole mobility observed from bottom-contact, top-gate devices was 3 × 10−3 cm2 V−1 s−1, with an on/off ratio of 104–105 and a threshold voltage of −42 V. The morphological and self-assembly characteristics versus electronic properties are discussed for future improvement of OFET devices

Differential transcriptomic responses to heat stress in surface and subterranean diving beetles

Subterranean habitats are generally very stable environments, and as such evolutionary transitions of organisms from surface to subterranean lifestyles may cause considerable shifts in physiology, particularly with respect to thermal tolerance. In this study we compared responses to heat shock at the molecular level in a geographically widespread, surface-dwelling water beetle to a congeneric subterranean species restricted to a single aquifer (Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae). The obligate subterranean beetle Paroster macrosturtensis is known to have a lower thermal tolerance compared to surface lineages (CTmax 38°C cf. 42–46°C), but the genetic basis of this physiological difference has not been characterized. We experimentally manipulated the thermal environment of 24 individuals to demonstrate that both species can mount a heat shock response at high temperatures (35°C), as determined by comparative transcriptomics. However, genes involved in these responses differ between species and a far greater number were differentially expressed in the surface taxon, suggesting it can mount a more robust heat shock response; these data may underpin its higher thermal tolerance compared to subterranean relatives. In contrast, the subterranean species examined not only differentially expressed fewer genes in response to increasing temperatures, but also in the presence of the experimental setup employed here alone. Our results suggest P. macrosturtensis may be comparatively poorly equipped to respond to both thermally induced stress and environmental disturbances more broadly. The molecular findings presented here have conservation implications for P. macrosturtensis and contribute to a growing narrative concerning weakened thermal tolerances in obligate subterranean organisms at the molecular level

The Lantern Vol. 36, No. 1, Winter 1970

• Reaction • Offering III • To a Conglomeration of No One in Particular • Mom\u27s Cookies • Sounds of War • Racetrack, August 2 • The Rain Pool • Eternal Optimist? • On the Slipperiness of Summer • First Snowfall • Tree--and Beyond • Eternal Stone • Thinking Abstract • Once • November • Lifewreck • Moon Travelin • Air-borne • Isn\u27t Dating Fun? • Escape • Why • #1 • Thoughts for a Saturday Night • A Non-Poem • A Trilogy in Haiku • The Poetry of Loving You • True Blues Projecthttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1096/thumbnail.jp

Large bowel obstruction due to sesame seed bezoar: a case report

peer-reviewedWe report a case of a 79 year old man with a known benign anastomotic stricture presenting with large bowel obstruction. At laparotomy the obstruction was found to be caused by a large sesame seed bezoar. Seed bezoars are well known to cause impaction in the rectum but have never been previously reported to cause large bowel obstruction. We recommend that patients with known large bowel strictures should be advised not to eat seeds as this could ultimately lead to obstruction, ischaemia or perforationPUBLISHEDpeer-reviewe

Improved curve fits to summary survival data: application to economic evaluation of health technologies

addresses: Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, Veysey Building, Salmon Pool Lane, Exeter, EX2 4SG, UK. [email protected]: PMCID: PMC3198983types: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't© 2011 Hoyle and Henley; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Mean costs and quality-adjusted-life-years are central to the cost-effectiveness of health technologies. They are often calculated from time to event curves such as for overall survival and progression-free survival. Ideally, estimates should be obtained from fitting an appropriate parametric model to individual patient data. However, such data are usually not available to independent researchers. Instead, it is common to fit curves to summary Kaplan-Meier graphs, either by regression or by least squares. Here, a more accurate method of fitting survival curves to summary survival data is described